Pseudophoxinus caralis ( Battalgil, 1942 )

Çiçek, Erdoğan, Sungur, Sevil, Fricke, Ronald & Seçer, Burak, 2023, Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Türkiye; an annotated checklist, 2023, Turkish Journal of Zoology 47 (6), pp. 324-468 : 403-405

Pseudophoxinus caralis ( Battalgil, 1942) [E] ― Beysehir minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Acanthorutilus anatolicus caralis Battalgil 942: 288, fig. 1 [Beysehir Lake, Türkiye; holotype: ZMH H1082 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Battalgil (1942). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bogustkaya et al. (2006), Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: ZMH.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Beyşehir Lake. ― Distribution in river basins: 16- Konya. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Beyşehir and Lake Beyşehir tributaries, Isparta and Konya provinces ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 431-Central Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits lakes, springs, and small streams. Freshwater.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: NE (2023). ― Threats: Unknown. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― High priority for conservation action.

Economic importance. Locally consumed but of no commercial importance.

Remarks. Pseudophoxinus anatolicus and P. caralis are not distinguished by both moleculer and morphological properties ( Geiger et al., 2014, Bayçelebi et al., 2020). Pseudophoxinus caralis is most likely a synonym of P. anatolicus .

Pseudophoxinus cilicicus Saç, Özuluğ, Geiger & Freyhof, 2019 [E] ― Arsuz minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Pseudophoxinus cilicicus Saç, Özuluğ, Geiger & Freyhof, 2019: 111 , figs. 3-7 [River Seyhan below water regulation doors at Yüreyir, south of Adana, Adana Province, Türkiye, 36.9757°N, 35.3354°E; holotype: IUSHM 2018-1405 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Saç et al. (2019: 111, figs. 3-7) .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Saç et al. (2019). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Çiçek et al. (2020). ― Turkish material: IUSHM.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Arsuz, Ceyhan basin. ― Distribution in river basins: 18-Seyhan, 20-Ceyhan. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: lower Seyhan and Ceyhan River drainages and Arsuz stream, Mediterranean coast ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 432-Southern Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits lakes, springs, and small streams. Freshwater, brackish.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: NE (2023). ― Threats: Unknown. ― Moderate sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Moderate priority for conservation action.

Pseudophoxinus crassus ( Ladiges, 1960) [E] ― Fat spring minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Acanthorutilus crassus Ladiges, 1960: 134 , fig. 6 [Insuyu stream, near Cihanbeyli, Lake Tuz basin, Türkiye; holotype: ZMH H1149]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Ladiges (1960: 134, fig. 6).

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Ladiges (1960). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru (2004); Geldiay and Balık (2007) as Phoxinellus crassus ; Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: ZMH.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Melendiz Stream drainage. ― Distribution in river basins: 16- Konya. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Tuz tributary, Konya Province ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 431-Central Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits springs and spring-fed streams with clear waters and dense vegetation. Freshwater.

Economic importance. Locally consumed but of no commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: EN. ― IUCN: EN (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species.― Decline status: Decreasing. ― High priority for conservation action.

Remarks. Pseudophoxinus crassus a closely related species, P. anatolicus , is found in Lake Tuz basin is subbasin of Konya Endorheic basin ( Geiger et al., 2014).

Pseudophoxinus egridiri => Egirdira nigra

Pseudophoxinus elizavetae Bogutskaya, Küçük & Atalay, 2006 [E] ― Sultan Sazlığı minnow/Ak balık

Taxonomy. Original description: Pseudophoxinus elizavetae Bogutskaya, Küçük & Atalay, 2006: 336 , figs. 1, 4a [Kayseri Province, Sultansazligi (Sultan Swamps, 38.2°- 36.6°N, 35.2°- 35.5°E), Türkiye; holotype: SCFK-SDU 174 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Bogutskaya et al. (2006). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: SCFK-SDU.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Sultan Marshes endorhaic basin. ― Distribution in river basins: 15-Kızılırmak. ― General distribution: Middle Asia: Sultan Marshes, Kayseri ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 430-Northern Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits spring-fed streams with clear waters and dense vegetation but is also found in turbid field canals. Freshwater.

Economic importance. Locally consumed but of no commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: CR. ― IUCN: CR (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, HAB. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Decreasing. ― High priority for conservation action.

Pseudophoxinus evliyae Freyhof & Özuluğ, 2010 [E] ― Lycian spring minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Pseudophoxinus evliyae Freyhof & Özuluğ, 2010: 310 , figs. 1-3 [Small canal south of Kırkpınar, north of Kızılcadağ, 37°08.356′N, 29°55.083′E, Antalya Province, Türkiye; holotype: IUSHM 37960-315 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Freyhof and Özuluğ (2010). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: IUSHM.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Western Anatolia. ― Distribution in river basins: 9- Antalya, 10- Burdur. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Yazır tributary, Antalya and Burdur provinces ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 431-Central Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits lakes, springs, and spring-fed streams with clear waters and dense vegetation. Freshwater.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: EN. ― IUCN: EN (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, HAB. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Decreasing. ― High priority for conservation action.

Pseudophoxinus fahrettini Freyhof & Özuluğ, 2010 [E] ― Pisidian spring minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Pseudophoxinus fahrettini Freyhof & Özuluğ, 2010: 326 , figs. 1-3 [Stream at Bağilli, 37°45.82′N, 31°02.01′E, upper Köprü River drainage, Isparta Province, Türkiye. holotype: IUSHM 37970-324 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Freyhof and Özuluğ (2010: 326, figs. 1-3) .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Freyhof and Özuluğ (2010). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: IUSHM.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Köprü River drainage. ― Distribution in river basins: 9- Antalya. ― General distribution: sia Minor: Upper Köprüçay basin (Mediterranean tributaries), Isparta Province ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 432-Southern Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits lakes, springs, and spring-fed streams with clear waters and dense vegetation. Freshwater.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: EN. ― IUCN: EN (IUCN, 2023).― Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, HAB. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Decreasing. ― High priority for conservation action.

Pseudophoxinus firati Bogutskaya, Küçük & Atalay, 2006 [E] ― Euphrates spring minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Pseudophoxinus Fırati Bogutskaya, Küçük & Atalay, 2006: 340 , figs. 3, 4c [Euphrates River drainage, Tohma Çayi at Yazyurdu (38.80°N, 36.93°E), Türkiye; holotype: SCFK-SDU 187]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Bogutskaya et al. (2006: 340, figs. 3, 4c).

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Bogutskaya et al. (2006). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: SCFK-SDU.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Euphrates River basin. ― Distribution in river basins: 21-Fırat-Dicle. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Euphrates River (Fırat Nehri) drainage (Persian Gulf tributary) ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 441-Lower Tigris and Euphrates, 442-Upper Tigris and Euphrates. ― Habitat: This species inhabits lakes, springs, and spring-fed streams with clear waters and dense vegetation. Freshwater.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: EN. ― IUCN: EN (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: AQU. ― Moderate sensitivity to human activities.― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Decreasing. ― Moderate priority for conservation action.

Pseudophoxinus handlirschi ( Pietschmann, 1933) [E] ― Handlirsch’s minnow/Kavinne

Taxonomy. Original description: Acanthorutilus handlirschi Pietschmann, 1933: 21 (1) [Lake Egridir, Türkiye; syntypes: (4) MSNM 5 (ex MSNM 4662 and ex NMW) (1)]. ― Synonyms: None.― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Pietschmann (1933). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru (2004); Geldiay and Balık (2007); Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: MSNM.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Eğirdir Lake drainage. ― Distribution in river basins: 9- Antalya. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Eğirdir and Lake Eğirdir tributaries, Isparta Province ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 432-Southern Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species is a pelagic lacustrine species restricted to the lake itself. Freshwater.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: EX. ― IUCN: EX (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: COM. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Decreasing. ― High priority for conservation action.

Pseudophoxinus hittitorum Freyhof & Özuluğ, 2010 [E] ― Hittitic spring minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Pseudophoxinus hittitorum Freyhof & Özuluğ, 2010: 240 , figs. 1-3 [Spring Eflatunpinar Sadikhaci, 37°49/51′N, 31°40,46′E, Lake Beyşehir basin, Konya Province, Central Anatolia, Türkiye; holotype: IUSHM 37970-608 ]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Freyhof and Özuluğ (2010: 240, figs. 1-3) .

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Freyhof and Özuluğ (2010). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2018 a, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Beyşehir Lake. ― Distribution in river basins: 16- Konya. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Beyşehir tributary, Konya Province ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 431-Central Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits lakes, springs, and spring-fed streams with clear waters and dense vegetation. Freshwater.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: EN. ― IUCN: EN (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: ABS, CLI, CON, EUT, HAB. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Decreasing. ― High priority for conservation action.

Pseudophoxinus iconii Küçük, Gülle & Güçlü, 2016 [E] ― Minnow/Yağ balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Pseudophoxinus iconii Küçük, Gülle & Güçlü, 2016: 284 , figs. 2, 3 [rainage ditches and canals near Gölyazi Village, Cihanbeyli District, Konya Province, Türkiye, 38°32.24′N, 33°10.89′E, elevation 919 meters; holotype: IFC-ESUF 03-1022]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: Küçük et al. (2016: 284, figs. 2, 3).

Status in Türkiye. Recorded from Türkiye in the original description by Küçük et al. (2016). Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Çiçek et al. (2018a, 2020). ― Turkish material: IFC-ESUF.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Cihanbeyli, Lake Tuz Basin.― Distribution in river basins: 16- Konya. ― General distribution: Asia Minor: Lake Tuz basin, central Anatolia ( Türkiye). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 431-Central Anatolia. ― Habitat: This species inhabits lakes, springs, and spring-fed streams with clear waters and dense vegetation. Freshwater.

Economic importance. No commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: NE (2023). ― Threats: Unknown. ― High sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― High priority for conservation action. Pseudophoxinus irideus => Squalius irideus