Potamarius Hubbs & Miller, 1960

Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires, Oliveira, Claudio & Ferraris Jr, Carl J., 2024, A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2), pp. 426-476 : 445

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad078
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5D6C7EBF-E568-4100-9364-2DD357003878
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11282617
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F32B77-FFF4-FFB5-0C50-FE1FFD20497B
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Potamarius Hubbs & Miller, 1960
status

Treatment

Potamarius Hubbs & Miller, 1960 View in CoL View at ENA

MP 100, BI 1, ML 100

( Figs 1–3 View Figure 1 View Figure 2 View Figure 3 , 16B View Figure 16 , 18 View Figure 18 )

Type species: Conorhynchos nelsoni Evermann & Goldsborough, 1902 .

Diagnosis

Epioccipital contacting small narrow area of diagonal crest associated with neural spine of fourth vertebra (44, 2> 0); lateral margins of orbitosphenoid progressively diverging anteriorly (63, 0> 1); optic foramen very large (67, 1> 0); distance between optic foramen and trigemino-facialis foramen small, equal to width of trigemino-facialis foramen (68, 1> 0); contact face for articulation of transcapular process with basioccipital large and depressed (85, 0> 1); opercle posterior portion well developed posteriodorsally (129, 0> 1); interopercle rectangular (134, 0> 1).

Ambiguous optimization: Posterior cranial fontanel present (26, 0> 1); epiphyseal bar conspicuous (28, 1> 0); temporal fossa present (38, 1> 0); vomer lateral processes very narrow (53, 0> 1); subvertebral process well developed (78, 0> 1); maxilla lateral and mesial margins considerably closer to each other proximally, distally narrow and pointed (102, 2> 3); metapterygoid anterior process truncate (138, 0> 1); second basibranchial spindle-shaped (166, 1> 0); third basibranchial very short and wide (169, 1> 0); extensionofdiagonalcrestassociatedwithposterior branch of parapophysis of complex vertebra short, reaching transverse crest (199, 1> 0); opening delimited by epioccipital posterior process and crests of sustentaculum of Weberian apparatus very large (203, 2> 0); 14 or fewer ribs (213, 1> 0); second dorsal cleithral process dorsally directed and parallel to first dorsal process (226, 0> 1); protractor muscle of parapophysis of fourth vertebra originating from ventral surface of parieto-supraoccipital process and posterior process of epioccipital (248, 1> 0).

Included species

Potamarius izabalensis Hubbs & Miller, 1960

Potamarius nelsoni Evermann & Goldsborough, 1902 Potamarius usumacintae Betancur-R. & Willink, 2007.

Habitat and distribution: Freshwater, eastern Central America ( Fig. 16 View Figure 16 ).

Remarks

The total-evidence analysis corroborates the monophyly, relationships and species composition of Potamarius sensu Betancur-R. et al. (2007) and Betancur-R. (2009), with results showing that the previous inclusion of Paragenidens grandoculis in Potamarius ( Marceniuk and Menezes 2007, Marceniuk et al. 2012) was the result of morphological convergence (characters 64, 67, 68, 120), apparently the result of secondary invasion of freshwater environments ( Marceniuk et al. 2019b, c).