Fastosarion papillosus Stanisic, 2010

Hyman, Isabel T. & Köhler, Frank, 2019, Phylogeny and systematic revision of the helicarionid semislugs of eastern Queensland (Stylommatophora, Helicarionidae), Contributions to Zoology 88 (4), pp. 351-451 : 433

Fastosarion papillosus Stanisic, 2010

Figs. 18 , 15G–I , 19J–K , 30A–B

Fastosarion papillosa [sic!] Stanisic, 2010 in Stanisic et al., 2010: 304–305.

Material examined

Types: Holotype: QM MO32337 ( Mt Superbus , via Boonah, SEQ, 28°13’30”S, 152°27’E, under logs, coll. 24 May 1991, J. Stanisic, D. Potter).

Paratypes: QM MO23314 , QM MO51156 , QM MO55366 , QM MO55410 , QM MO55432 , QM MO78896 .

Non-type material: See table 1 .

Diagnosis

External morphology: Shell (16G–I, 19J–K) medium-sized (14.3–14.8 mm), golden amber, very transparent, 3.8–4.0 whorls, subglobose with a flat spire. Body beige, sole cream. Mantle lobes and shell lappets moderately small, irregularly marked with black; each lappet with row of 4–5 warts (sometimes pigmented) near lower edge. Tail slightly keeled at tip, slime network weak, caudal horn large.

Genital anatomy: Genitalia (fig. 30A–B) with long bulging vagina; bursa copulatrix very short, duct distinct, bursa oval. Penis long, broad, cylindrical, proximally fused to epiphallus 2, inner penial wall smooth, with three transversely ridged longitudinal pilasters, two not reaching the distal end; 35–65% of penis contained in penial tunica. Epiphallus longer than penis; entering penis through a simple pore; epiphallus 2 much longer than epiphallus 1; half of epiphallus 2 fused to penis; epiphallic caecum of moderate length, penial retractor muscle attaching to the middle; flagellum of moderate length, slender.

Remarks

The spelling of the species name is adapted herein to agree with the masculine gender of the genus name. Fastosarion papillosus is recorded from Richmond Range in northeastern NSW to Lamington NP in southeastern Qld ( Stanisic et al., 2010). In the present study we found that candidate taxa Helicarionidae BR 12 from Tabletop Bush Reserve and SQ6 from Kroombit Tops, previously identified through curatorial work, also belong to this species. The Kroombit Tops population is approximately 400 km further north than the rest of the included populations; however, both morpho-anatomical and molecular data confirm its placement as part of F. papillosus .

The sister taxon to this species is the very similar F. pustulosus . A comparison of the original descriptions indicates that F. papillosus is slightly larger, with a row of black lappets on the right shell lappet and no pigmentation on the left lappet, and with pale pinkish grey body colouration, while F. pustulosus has unpigmented pustules on the right shell lappet and three black stripes on the left lappet, and dark body colouration. We found some of these reported differences to be erroneous (although observations were based only on preserved data): both species were found to have a row of around five large pustules or warts (sometimes pigmented in F. papillosus ) on both left and right lappets, and both also had black markings on the shell lappets (particularly on the left). The most consistent external difference was the higher spire seen in F. pustulosus . The two species shared a unique genital character comprising fusion of the two epiphallus arms and the proximal portion of the penis. However, in F.pustulosus the penis was longer and narrower, and approximately half of the penis was fused to the epiphallus, while in F.papillosus the penis was very broad and only the proximal quarter or third was fused to the epiphallus. Moreover, F. pustulosus has one major longitudinal pilaster while F. papillosus has three.

Figures

FIGURE 15 Genitalia of F.griseolus, MO55568, Bobby Range.A.Reproductive system. Arrow shows the junction of the penis and epiphallus.B. Penis interior. Scale bars 1 mm (B), 2 mm (A).

FIGURE 18 Distribution of Clade B species. █ = F.alyssa, ▼ = F.deensis, × = F.ephelis, ♢ = F.hannianus, ▲ = F. insularis, ◻ = F.katatonos, ∆ = F.longimentula, ● = F.mcdonaldi, ♠ = F.minerva, ◆ = F.papillosus, ♣ = F.pustulosus, ♥ = F.rowani, Ǫ = F.sarina, ▽ = F.tuljun.

FIGURE 19 Shells of Clade B species. A. Fastosarion alyssa (type locality of D.peterbrocki), NMV F230748. B. Fastosarion deensis, MO85834 (holotype). C. Fastosarion ephelis, MO85835 (holotype). D. Fastosarion hannianus, MO56684.E. Fastosarion insularis sp. nov., MO76354. F. Fastosarion katatonos, MO85837 (holotype). G.Fastosarion longimentula, MO65313.H. Fastosarion mcdonaldi, MO50434.I. Fastosarion minerva, MO78358. J.Fastosarion papillosus, MO78896 (Mt Superbus).K.Fastosarion papillosus, MO62397 (Kroombit Tops). L.Fastosarion pustulosus, MO78894 (Kalpowar SF).M. Fastosarion rowani, MO85839 (holotype). N. Fastosarion sarina, MO85840 (holotype).O. Fastosarion tujun (Denham Range), MO76081 (holotype). Scale bar 5 mm.

FIGURE 30 Genitalia.A-B.F.papillosus, MO78896, Mt Superbus.C-D.F.pustulosus, MO78894, Mt Fort William. A, D.Reproductive system. Arrows show the junction of the penis and epiphallus. B–C. Penis interior. Scale bars 2 mm.