Phanaeus haroldi Kirsch, 1871

Cárdenas-Bautista, Johann Stephens, Parada-Alfonso, Jenny Andrea & Carvajal‑Cogollo, Juan E., 2020, Dung beetles (Scarabaeidae, Scarabaeinae) of the Foothills-Andean Forest strip of Villavicencio, Colombia, Check List 16 (4), pp. 821-839 : 827

Phanaeus haroldi Kirsch, 1871

Materials examined. COLOMBIA • 1♂, 20.49 mm (mean); Meta, Villavicencio, Vereda Buenavista, “El Porvenir” Farm ; 04°08′38.74″N, 073°41′05.29″W; 1172 m a.s.l.; 25 Apr. 2019; Cárdenas Johann and Parada Jenny leg.; wooded pasture; Bvpat 7; UPTC- In-00035 . • 2, 20.49 mm (mean); Meta, Villavicencio, Vereda Buenavista, “El Triunfo” Farm ; 04°08′44.51″N, 073°41′11.35″W; 1179 m a.s.l.; 23 Dec. 2018; Cárdenas Johann and Parada Jenny leg.; open pasture; Bvplt8; UPTC-In-00036 . • 1, 20.49 mm (mean); Meta, Villavi- cencio, Vereda El Carmen, Caño Blanco–Caño Buque ; 04°08′20.61″N, 073°40′05.71″W; 751 m a.s.l.; 16 Feb. 2019; Cárdenas Johann and Parada Jenny leg.; riparian forest; Crbrt7; UPTC-In-00037 .

Identification. This species can be distinguished from other Phanaeus species by the large cephalic horn of the male that is erect, slender, and not distinctly swollen on the posterior side; the large pronotal horns of the male are curved anterodorsally, separated by an oval concavity whose posterior margin is weakly and broadly raised transversely; the anteromedial pronotal concavity of female is flanked by a pair of dorsally directed, apically convergent, blade-like projections (tooth-like in small individuals) ( Edmonds and Zídek 2012).

Distribution. In Colombia it has been recorded in Boyacá, Caquetá, Casanare, Guaviare, Huila, Meta and Putumayo ( Medina et al. 2001; Medina and Pulido 2009; Noriega et al. 2009), between 50–600 m a.s.l. It is distributed both in the humid montane forest and in the foothills of the Eastern Cordillera. In the study area, this rare species (44 individuals) was observed between 700–1000 m a.s.l. The beetles were found in wide areas of open pasture (16 individuals), wooded pasture (25 individuals) and in the riparian forest relics (three individuals).

Sulcophanaeus Olsoufieff, 1924