Coelotrypes meremmiae, David & Hancock, 2019

David, K. J. & Hancock, D. L., 2019, Taxonomic notes on genus Coelotrypes Bezzi (Diptera: Tephritidae: Trypetinae) with description of two new species, Zootaxa 4563 (3), pp. 584-594 : 585-587

Coelotrypes meremmiae sp. n.

( Figs 1 ̄12)

Adult: Body length: 4.92¯ 5.29 mm; wing length, 4.10¯ 4.50 mm.

Diagnosis: Medium sized (4.9̄ 5.30 mm), yellow species. Scutum black with a medial longitudinal yellow vitta broadened posteriorly. Wing predominantly hyaline with faint longitudinal bands across veins M and Cu. Abdomen fulvous with two parallel longitudinal bands in male and entirely black in female.

Description: Frons fulvous with a medial black band, three frontal setae and single orbital seta; ocellar triangle black without setae, postocellar, lateral vertical and medial vertical setae present; occiput with an inverted Ushaped white patch, postocular setae thin and black. Face deeply concave, fulvous without any markings; scape, pedicel and first flagellomere fulvous, arista plumose ( Fig. 1 ). Scutum predominantly black medially and yellow laterally beyond the level of intra-alar seta. Medial yellow, longitudinal stripe from scapular seta to scutellum and red-brown stripes from scapular seta to transverse suture on either side of medial stripe present. Pleura fulvous with a longitudinal white anepisternal stripe extending from postpronotal lobe to wing base, anatergite partly fuscous, katatergite with black posterior border. Chaetotaxy; 2 scapular setae, 1 postpronotal lobe seta, 1 anterior notopleural seta, 1 posterior notopleural seta, 1 postsutural supra-alar seta, 1 post-alar seta, 1 intra-alar seta, 1 prescutellar acrostichal seta, 2 anepisternal setae, 1 anepimeral seta and 1 katepisternal seta. Scutellum yellow with two scutellar setae, subscutellum and mediotergite black ( Fig. 2 ). Legs: fulvous, all femora without dark pattern, forefemur with stout dorsal and ventral spines; midtibia with stout ventroapical spine ( Fig. 3 ). Wing predominantly hyaline with faint, yellowish longitudinal bands across veins M and Cu connected by subapical band, apex of vein R 4+5 with slight infuscation. Vein R 1 setose dorsally, R 2+3 and R 4+5 bare ( Fig. 5 ). Abdomen yellow with broad lateral stripes on tergites 1 to 5, sternite V with deep concavity ( Fig. 4 ).

Genitalia: Epandrium dome-shaped in lateral view with well developed, tubular proctiger; proctiger concolorous with epandrium and surstyli with tuft of thick, black hairs towards apical half. Epandrium and surstyli inverted U-shaped in posterior view ( Figs 6, 7 ). Lateral surstylus as long as epandrium, apex of surstylus not differentiated to anterior and posterior lobes. Medial surstylus as long as lateral surstylus and with well developed prensisetae. Phallus 2.1 mm long excluding glans (0.34 mm). Glans sclerotised with wide tubular shaped acrophallus, subapical lobe and preglans lobe lacking ( Fig. 8 ). Hypandrium U-shaped with well developed Cshaped phallapodeme (in profile), with vanes of phallapodeme fused with lateral sclerite towards distal end ( Fig. 9 ).

Female: Similar to male but with dark spot on the face, predominantly black scutum and dark bands on the wing. Genitalia: Oviscape fuscous (1.40 mm), taeniae short (0.33mm), eversible membrane (0.66 mm) with triangular spicules on distal end ( Fig. 10 ), aculeus length = 1.04 mm, tip trilobed and lateral serrations present ( Fig. 9 ). Three club-shaped spermathecae present ( Fig. 11 ).

Host plant: Meremmia vitifolia (N. L. Burman) H. Hallier (Convolvulaceae)

Etymology: The specific name is derived from that of its host plant Meremmia and is a noun in the genitive case.

Material examined: Holotype ♂, INDIA: Karnataka, Vittal , CPCRI, 18.ii.2015 , David, K. J.; Paratypes, 2♂, 1♀, same data as holotype. (Types deposited at ICAR-NBAIR) .

Larvae: 4 specimens, label data as above (preserved in 70% ethanol); 1 specimen dissected (stored in glycerine in genitalia vial with the label).

III instar larva: Cephalic segment or gnathocephalon ( Fig. 16 ) short, with sensory lobes separated by shallow medial depression, smooth, without scale-like or tooth-like cuticular structures. Antenna 2-segmented, with basal segment longer than apical segment; apical segment almost conical. Maxillary sense organ (= palpus) with 5 visible sensilla and additional 2 sensilla placed slightly anterolaterally to it.

Preoral (stomal sensory) organ without teeth; number of peg-like sensilla indistinguishable. Facial mask almost bean shaped, mouth opening surrounded with 7̄9 serrated oral ridges. Accessory plates lateral to oral ridges and anterior to mouth opening not well developed. Median oral lobe between mouthhooks not developed. Oral teeth numerous and well developed.

Mouthhook (mandibular sclerite) ( Fig. 13 ). Broad with curved apical hook and prominent preapical tooth as deep as apical hook. Ventral apodeme broad and perpendicular to mandible. Hypopharyngeal (= hypostomal) sclerite rectangular, as long as mandibular sclerite, heavily sclerotised and fused to pharyngeal sclerite, hypopharyngeal bridge beyond the centre of the sclerite. Parastomal sclerite reaching middle of hypostomal sclerite. Dental sclerite absent. Labial (subhypostomal) sclerite with elongate arms. Anterior sclerite sclerotised, not prominent; dorsal and ventral cornua light brownish, anterior margin of dorsal bridge straight, parallel to hypopharyngeal sclerite; ventral bridge not prominent.

Thoracic and abdominal segments. Smooth, with dorsal, lateral and ventral spinules on T1̄T3. Abdominal segments with ventral spinules restricted to creeping welts ( Fig. 39 ). Anterior spiracle mostly subsurface, with 10̄12 tubules ( Figs 14 , 18 ).

Caudal segment with spiracular area oblique in profile, limited by dorsal sensilla, lateral sensilla and caudal ridges with sensilla. Posterior spiracle ( Figs 15 , 20 ) with three spiracular slits, each 3̄4 times as long as wide. Dorsal and ventral spiracular bundles with 4¯5 single or double hairs per group; lateral spiracular bundle with 3¯4 single or double hairs. Spiracles placed apart, shortest distance between the spiracles longer than length of individual spiracular slit. Anal lobes ( Fig. 19 ) protuberant with 4̄5 rows of spinules anterior and posterior to the lobes.

Length. 6.1–6.47 mm long, 1.0– 1.3 mm wide (N=5). Remarks: Coelotrypes meremmiae is similar to C. latilimbatus and C. paralatilimbatus in having the scutum predominantly black with the medial yellow vitta at transverse suture absent or narrower than the paired dark vittae but can be differentiated by the predominantly hyaline wing pattern with subapical band and longitudinal bands along vein M, apex of R 2+3 and R 4+5 ( Fig. 5 ) and lack of the large black facial patch near oral margin. The apex of the aculeus is trilobed with preapical indentations in all three species but they can be differentiated based on the acuity of the lobes; undifferentiated lobes in C. meremmiae ( Fig. 9 ), moderately developed lobes in C. paralatilimbatus sp. n. ( Fig. 47 ) and sharp projections in C. latilimbatus ( Hardy, 1983) . Spicules on distal end of eversible membrane in C. meremmiae are conical ( Fig. 10 ), whereas in C. paralatilimbatus they are rounded ( Fig. 48 ). C. meremmiae sp. n. was misidentified as C. latilimbatus in David et al. (2013) .

Figures

FIGURES 1–5. Coelotrypes meremmiae sp. n.; 1, head (lateral view); 2, scutum (dorsal view); 3, thorax (lateral) and legs; 4, abdomen (a, male; b, female); 5, wing.

FIGURES 6–12. Coelotrypes meremmiae sp. n. 6, epandrium, proctiger and surstyli (lateral view); 7, epandrium and surstyli (posterior view); 8, glans of phallus (lateral view); 9, hypandrium (lateral view); 10, aculeus tip; 11, spicules on distal end of eversible membrane; 12, spermatheca.

FIGURES 16–20. SEM images of III instar larva of Coelotrypes meremmiae sp. n. 16, pseudocephalon (frontal view); 17, maxillary sense organ; 18, anterior spiracles; 19, anal lobes; 20, posterior spiracles.

FIGURES 12–15. III instar larva of Coelotrypes meremmiae sp. n.; 13, cephalopharyngeal skeleton; 14, anterior spiracle; 15, posterior spiracle.

FIGURES 35–39. SEM images of III instar larva of Coelotrypes luteifasciatus. 35, pseudocephalon (frontal view); 36, maxillary palpus; 37, anterior spiracles; 38, anal lobes; 39, posterior spiracles.

FIGURES 42–49. Coelotyrpes paralatilimbatus sp. n.; 42, face; 43, thorax (dorsal); 44, thorax (lateral view) and legs; 45, abdomen (female); 46, wing; 47, aculeus tip; 48, spicules on distal end of eversible membrane; 49, spermatheca.