Hydraena rosannae Audisio, Trizzino & De Biase 2009

Trizzino, Marco, Carnevali, Lucilla, Felici, Stefano De & Audisio, Paolo, 2013, <strong> A revision of <em> Hydraena </ em> species of the “ <em> Haenydra </ em> ” lineage (Coleoptera, Hydraenidae) </ strong>, Zootaxa 3607 (1), pp. 1-173 : 64-97

58. Hydraena rosannae Audisio, Trizzino & De Biase 2009

Hydraena rosannae Audisio, Trizzino & De Biase 2009: 283 .

Male habitus: Fig. 34b ; male genitalia: Fig. 34d ; female elytral apex: Fig. 34g ; geographic range: Fig. 35 .

Type locality: Italy, Sardinia, Medio Campidano province, above Villacidro, Cannisoni River , 390 m a.s.l., 39° 24' 37.28'' N, 8° 38' 27.39 E ( Audisio et al. 2009) .

Primary types: Holotype at MZUR.

Measurements: Length: 1.9 – 2.2 mm. EL/EW = 1.76; PW/PL = 1.40; PW/EW = 0.82.

Diagnosis: Body orange to reddish brown. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Fronto-clypeal suture almost straight. Middle of frons moderately densely punctate, lateral regions of frons densely and rugosely punctate, punctures and interstices microreticulate.

Pronotum nearly hexagonal, with lateral margin denticulate. Anterior angle slightly obtuse, lateral margin moderately produced at middle, strongly convergent at anterior angle, sinuately convergent at posterior angle. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae.

Elytra elongate, convex, slightly and regularly arcuate at sides, apically produced and only very weakly declivitous; moderately declivitous laterally. Explanate margin relatively narrow and long, not reaching apex. Elytral apex slightly acuminate in male, moderately sinuate in female ( Figs. 34b,g ). Male protibiae slightly but distinctly dilated and slightly curved along their inner edge; male metatibiae with a fringe of notably long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Distinct from its closest allies H. evanescens and H. tyrrhena by the distinct male protibiae ( Fig. 34b ), and the differently shaped aedeagus, characterized (in lateral view) by dorsal outline of main piece with a very wide and shallow arcuate emargination at distal third ( Fig. 34d ). Molecular data shows a sister-group relationship between H. rosannae and H. tyrrhena ( Trizzino et al. 2011b) .

Habitat: The type specimens were collected under stones in a stream with relatively fast-running water, on granodioritic substrate, at nearly 400 m a.s.l. HER: eu32 .

Chorotype: SARD (Sardinian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: IT - SAR ( Fig. 35 ).

H. rosannae is known solely from the type locality, in Sulcis-Iglesiente ( SW Sardinia) .

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

59. Hydraena evanescens Rey 1884

Hydraena evanescens Rey 1884: 270 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 34e ; female elytral apex: Fig. 34h ; geographic range: Fig. 35 .

Type locality: Corsica (“ Corsica ”: Rey 1884) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in MNHL .

Measurements: Length: 1.9 – 2.1 mm. EL/EW = 1.87; PW/PL = 1.40; PW/EW = 0.82.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. tyrrhena ( Fig. 34a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. tyrrhena .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in fastflowing streams with granodioritic substrates, above 400 m a.s.l. HER: eu10.

Chorotype: CORS (Corsican Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR - COR ( Fig. 35 ).

H. evanescens is endemic to Corsica (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) and nuclear DNA (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA) data are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b; Ribera et al. 2011).

60. Hydraena decolor Sainte-Claire Deville 1903

Hydraena decolor Sainte - Claire Deville 1903: 111.

Habitus: Fig. 36a ; male genitalia: Fig. 36c ; female elytral apex: Fig. 36g ; geographic range: Fig. 37 .

Type locality: France, Alpes Maritimes , Nice , Lantosque, La Bollène River (”Lantosque”: Sainte - Claire Deville 1903) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in MNHN .

Measurements: Length: 2.1 – 2.3 mm. EL/EW = 1.75; PW/PL = 1.33; PW/EW = 0.80.

Diagnosis: Body red to reddish brown. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Fronto - clypeal suture slightly arcuate, not strongly impressed, frons densely punctate in middle and lateral regions. Pronotum sub - hexagonal, with lateral margin denticulate. Pronotal disc relatively convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, parallel - sided, not convex. Elytral apex distinctly obtusely truncate in male, slightly sinuate in female. Male metatibiae not dilated distad, but armed with a fringe of relatively long setae along mesal face of distal half ( Figs. 36a,g ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from its allies H. solarii , H. occitana and H. bononiensis by the straight male metatibiae, the obtusely truncate male elytral apex, and the distinctly larger and differently shaped aedeagus ( Figs. 36a,c ). Molecular data shows a sister-group relationship between the H. decolor and H. evanescens complexes ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in relatively wide and deep fastflowing streams with carbonatic substrates, between 50 and 1500 m a.s.l. HER: eu3; eu17; eu21.

Chorotype: ALSW (SW Alpine Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR - FRA, IT - ITA ( Fig. 37 ).

H. decolor has a geographic range restricted to French and Italian Maritimes Alps, Ligurian Alps, and W portion of Ligurian Apennine (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

61. Hydraena solarii Pretner 1930

Hydraena (Haenydra) solarii Pretner 1930: 178 .

Male habitus: Fig. 36b ; Male genitalia: Fig. 36f ; female elytral apex: Fig. 36m ; geographic range: Fig. 37 .

Type locality: Italy, Tuscany, Grosseto province, Amiata Mount, Arcidosso (“ Arcidosso , Toscana ”: Pretner 1930) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in PMSL .

Measurements: Length: 2. 0 – 2.3 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.36; PW/EW = 0.79.

Diagnosis: Body red to reddish brown. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Fronto - clypeal suture slightly arcuate, not strongly impressed, frons very densely punctate in middle and lateral regions. Pronotum sub - hexagonal, with lateral margin denticulate. Pronotal disc relatively convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, parallel - sided, slightly convex. Elytral apex slightly obtusely truncate in male, moderately sinuate in female ( Figs. 36b,m ). Male metatibiae with a prominent dilatation in the inner edge of distal third, and with fringe of relatively long setae along mesal face of distal half ( Fig. 36b ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from H. decolor by the distinctly dilated (distad) male metatibiae ( Fig. 36b ), and from its closest allies H. occitana and H. bononiensis by the differently shaped main piece of the aedeagus, characterized (in lateral view) by an U-shaped emargination in proximal third of ventral margin producing an almost right angle, and by an apex distinctly thinner than in related species ( Fig. 36f ).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in relatively small fastflowing streams, chiefly in small canyons with carbonatic substrates, mostly from 400 to 1000 m a.s.l. HER: eu20; eu22; eu84.

Chorotype: APPE (Apenninic Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: IT - ITA ( Fig. 37 ).

H. solarii has a geographic range restricted to Central and southern Apennine (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

62. Hydraena occitana (Audisio & De Biase 1995)

Hydraena (Haenydra) solarii auct. (partim), nec Pretner 1930: 178; d’Orchymont 1935: 4–5; Binaghi 1958: 73–77; Binaghi 1960: 31;

Haenydra occitana Audisio & De Biase 1995: 176 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 36d ; female elytral apex: Fig. 36h ; geographic range: Fig. 37 .

Type locality: Italy, Liguria, Imperia province, Pornassio, Arroscia river , 600 m a.s.l. (“Italia, Liguria, Pornassio [ IM], alto corso del torrente Arroscia, m 600”: Audisio & De Biase 1995) .

Primary types: Holotype at MZUR.

Measurements: Length: 2. 0 – 2.15 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.36; PW/EW = 0.79.

Diagnosis: Male habitus indentical to H. solarii ( Fig. 36b ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. solarii .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in relatively small fastflowing streams, mostly with carbonatic substrates, from 60 to 1100 m a.s.l. HER: eu3; eu18; eu21.

Chorotype: AWNA (W Alpine/N Apenninic Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR - FRA, IT - ITA ( Fig. 37 ).

H. occitana has a geographic range restricted to E Provence, Maritime and Ligurian Alps, Ligurian Apennine and NW Tuscany (Apuane Alps) (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

63. Hydraena bononiensis Chiesa 1959

Hydraena (Haenydra) solarii var. bononiensis Chiesa 1959: 61 ;

Hydraena (Haenydra) bononiensis ; Binaghi 1960: 29.

Male genitalia: Fig. 36e ; female elytral apex: Fig. 36l ; geographic range: Fig. 37 .

Type locality: Italy, Emilia Romagna, Bologna province, Porretta, Rio [River] Maggiore (“ Porretta , Rio Maggiore ”: Chiesa 1959) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in MSNM.

Measurements: Length: 2. 0 – 2.2 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.36; PW/EW = 0.79.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. solarii ( Fig. 36b ), with slightly more elongate elytra.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. solarii .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in relatively small fastflowing streams with both carbonatic and siliceous substrates, from 350 to 1000 m a.s.l. HER: eu18; eu84.

Chorotype: APPN (N Apenninic Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: IT - ITA ( Fig. 37 ).

H. bononiensis has a geographic range restricted to Tosco - Emiliano Apennine (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

64. Hydraena truncata Rey 1885

Hydraena (Haenydra) truncata Rey 1885: 31 ;

Hydraena (Haenydra) truncata ssp. falzonii Pretner 1930: 181 .

Male habitus: Fig. 38a ; male genitalia: Fig. 38d ; female elytral apex: Fig. 38g ; geographic range: Fig. 39 .

Type locality: France, Rhône-Alpes, Grande Chartreuse, Isére (“Isére”: Rey 1885) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in MHNL .

Measurements: Length: 2. 0 – 2.3 mm. EL/EW = 1.90; PW/PL = 1.33; PW/EW = 0.84.

Diagnosis: Head, pronotum and scutellum dark brown to black, elytra red to reddish brown. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Middle of frons moderately densely punctate, lateral regions of frons densely and rugosely punctate.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, with anterior margin relatively concave and lateral margin denticulate. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, convex, parallel-sided, apically distinctly truncate in male, very slighlty sinuate in female. Explanate elytral margin notably narrow, almost absent ( Figs. 38a,g ). Male metatibiae not dilated or very slightly dilated distad, and with a fringe of very long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the peculiarly truncate male elytra ( Fig. 38a ), and the peculiar shape of male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by bifurcate apex of the main piece and by a short and thick flagellum ( Fig. 38d ).

Taxonomic remarks: Referring to Calabrian and NE Sicilian populations of H. truncata , the latter occasionally characterized by darker melanic habitus of elytra and male genitalia, Pretner (1930) described a subspecies named H. truncata falzonii . On the basis of the shape of male genitalia, identical to those of H. truncata , H. truncata falzonii was later considered a junior synonym of H. truncata s. str. (Audisio & De Biase 1995). Furthermore, Calabrian and NE Sicilian populations are molecularly not differentiated from other Italian populations (Trizzino unpublished data); a certain degree of genetic divergence was otherwise observed in N Iberian populations ( Ribera et al. 2011, Trizzino et al. 2011).

DNA data suggested close relationships between H. truncata and the sister species H. muelleri + H. czernohorskyi ( Trizzino et al. 2011b) .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in fastflowing streams of varying substrate typologies, above 50 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species.

Chorotype: SEU (southern-European).

Distribution: EUR: AU, CR, CZ, FR, GE, IT-ITA, IT-SI;PL, RO, SK, SL, SP, SZ, UK ( Fig. 39 ).

H. truncata is widespread in S Europe, from Portugal to Ukraine (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) and nuclear DNA (18S rDNA, 28S rDNA) data are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b; Ribera et al. 2011).

65. Hydraena czernohorskyi J. Müller 1911

Hydraena (Haenydra) czernohorskyi J. Müller 1911: 60 .

Male habitus: Fig. 38b ; male genitalia: Fig. 38e ; female elytral apex: Fig. 38h ; geographic range: Fig. 39 . Type locality: Slovenia, N Istria, Klas province , Klanec (“Klanec [Nordistrien]”: Müller 1911) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in Trieste Nat. Hist. Museum.

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.5 mm. EL/EW = 1.58; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.71.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a deep V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons densely and rugosely punctate.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, relatively wide, with anterior margin relatively concave and lateral margin denticulate. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra distinctly elongate in male, markedly wide, flattened and almost completely parallel-sided in both sexes. Explanate elytral margin wide and long, reaching the apex. Elytral apex conjointly rounded in male, subtruncate in female ( Figs. 38b,h ). Male metatibiae very slightly dilated in the inner edge of distal third, and with fringe of relatively long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from most other " Haenydra " by the peculiarly elongate and flattened male elytra ( Fig. 38b ), and the markedly wide (almost square-shaped) female elytra ( Fig. 38h ). Male genitalia, characterized by an obliquely truncate apex and by a relatively short and thick flagellum ( Fig. 38h ), suggest somewhat relationships among this species and the pair H. truncata + H.muelleri , bringing together a complex of species distinctly differentiated from each other on the basis of external morphology, but clearly related on the basis of male genitalia, and also confirmed by molecular data ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones, mostly in small streams with carbonatic substrates, between 10 and 500 m a.s.l. HER: eu11; eu45.

Chorotype: CADI (Carso - Istrian / Dinaric Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: CR, IT-ITA, SL ( Fig. 39 ).

H. czernohorskyi is known from NE Italy (surroundings of Trieste), Slovenia and N Croatia (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

66. Hydraena muelleri Pretner 1931

Hydraena (Haenydra) muelleri Pretner 1931c: 107 ;

Hydraena (Haenydra) jaroslavae (Pretner i.l.) Chiesa 1959 (nomen nudum): 62; Jäch 2004: 107.

Male habitus: Fig. 38c ; male genitalia: Fig. 38f ; female elytral apex: Fig. 38l ; geographic range: Fig. 39 .

Type locality: Slovenia, Primorska region , Skrilje (“Skrilje”: Pretner 1931c) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in PMSL .

Measurements: Length: 2. 0 – 2.3 mm. EL/EW = 1.60; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons densely and very rugosely punctate.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, with external angle almost right, and lateral margin denticulate. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, relatively wide, flattened and completely parallel-sided in both sexes. Explanate elytral margin relatively wide and long, reaching apex. Elytral apex conjointly rounded in male, distinctly bifurcate in female. Male metatibiae not dilated, but armed with a fringe of long setae along mesal face of distal half ( Figs. 38c,l ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Distinct from other " Haenydra " by peculiar female elytral apex (resembling H. plumipes and H. bicuspidata ) ( Fig. 38l ), and the shape of male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by an obliquely truncate apex and by a notably short and thick flagellum ( Fig. 38f ), suggesting relationships with both H. czernohorskyi and H. truncata , as otherwise confirmed by molecular data ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, on both siliceous and carbonatic substrates, chiefly in Fagus forests, between 100 and 500 m a.s.l. HER: eu11; eu45.

Chorotype: ALSE (SE Alpine / Carso - Istrian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: IT-ITA, SL ( Fig. 39 ).

H. muelleri is endemic to NE Italy (Friuli V.G.) and Slovenia (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

67. Hydraena devillei Ganglbauer 1901

Hydraena (Haenydra) devillei Ganglbauer 1901: 324 .

Male habitus: Fig. 40a ; male genitalia: Fig. 40c ; female elytral apex: Fig. 40g ; geographic range: Fig. 41 .

Type locality: Italy, Liguria, Genova province, Mount Fasce, Sturla river, 500 m a.s.l. (“Canal de la Vésubie in den Alpes maritimes [und] Monte Fasce bei Genua”: Ganglbauer 1901; “Monte Fasce torr. Sturla”: Jäch 1990)

Primary types: Lectotype ( NMW) designated by Jäch (1990).

Measurements: Length: 2.5 – 3.0 mm. EL/EW = 1.67; PW/PL = 1.54; PW/EW = 0.83.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus finely punctate, frons densely and very rugosely punctate.

Pronotum hexagonal, distinctly wide and convex, with external angle acuminate. Pronotal disc markedly convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, parallel-sided, slightly convex in male, more convex in female. Explanate elytral margin moderately wide and relatively long, not reaching apex. Elytral apex obtusely truncate in male, convergent and slightly sinuate in female ( Figs. 40a,g ).

Male profemura with a fringe of short setae on the ventral surface, male protibiae very slightly dilated in the inner edge of mesal third, male mesotibiae notably arcuate and with a markedly prominent dilatation in the inner edge of mesal third; male metatibiae slightly dilated in the inner edge of mesal third, and with fringe of very long setae along mesal face of distal half ( Fig. 40a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the large body size, the wide and convex pronotum (chiefly in males) and the peculiar shape of male legs ( Fig. 40a ). Distinct from its sibling H. devincta by male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by a relatively simple and straight main piece ( Fig. 40c ).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in fastflowing streams, mostly with siliceous substrates, between 20 and 1000 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species. Chorotype: ALWA (W Alpine/Apenninic Endemic). Distribution: EUR: IT-ITA ( Fig. 41 ). H. devillei is endemic to peninsular Italy, except for NW, where its geographic range reachs the Roya Valley, in SE France (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities). DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b; Ribera et al. 2011).

68. Hydraena devincta d’Orchymont 1940

Hydraena (Haenydra) devincta d’Orchymont 1940: 131 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 40d ; female elytral apex: Fig. 40h ; geographic range: Fig. 41 .

Type locality: Italy, Friuli Venezia Giulia, Trieste province , Muggia, Strolci (“ Istrie. Strolci, dans la Risano ”: d’Orchymont 1940) .

Primary types: Holotype at ISNB.

Measurements: Length: 2.5 – 2.8 mm. EL/EW = 1.67; PW/PL = 1.54; PW/EW = 0.83.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. devillei ( Fig. 40a ). Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the large body size, by the wide and convex pronotum and by the peculiar male legs ( Fig. 40a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. devillei .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in fastflowing streams with siliceous substrates, between 20 and 500 m a.s.l. HER: eu11; eu45.

Chorotype: ALSE (SE Alpine / Carso - Istrian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: IT-ITA, SL ( Fig. 41 ).

H. devincta is endemic to NE Italy (Friuli V.G.) and Slovenia (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities). DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

69. Hydraena lapidicola Kiesenwetter 1849

Hydraena lapidicola Kiesenwetter 1849: 183 .

Male habitus: Fig. 40b ; male genitalia: Fig. 40e ; female elytral apex: Fig. 40l ; geographic range: Fig. 41 .

Type locality: Austria, Carinthian Alps , in a small mountain stream (“Kärnthner Alpen in einem kleinen Gebirgsbache”: Kiesenwetter 1849) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in ZSM .

Measurements: Length: 2.2 – 2.4 mm. EL/EW = 1.73; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Head and pronotum dark brown to black, elytra usually red to reddish brown, only sometimes completely dark brown or black. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus finely punctate, frons densely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes. Segments II and III of male maxillary palps markedly dilated (segment III also shorter than in related species-Fig. 40b).

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, convex and relatively wide, slightly sinuate posteriorly. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra relatively elongate, notably convex, parallel-sided in the proximal half, apically convergent. Explanate elytral margin moderately wide and relatively long, almost reaching apex. Elytral apex distinctly acuminate in male, slightly sinuate in female ( Figs. 40b,l ).

Male metatibiae not dilated, with bushy fringe of very long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the peculiarly dilated male maxillary palps ( Fig. 40b ). Distinct from its sibling H. sanfilippoi by male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by a notably more dilated apical half of main piece, with a very short and relatively thick flagellum located on the left side ( Fig. 40e ).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in fastflowing streams, mainly with siliceous substrates, between 400 and 1600 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species.

Chorotype: CEU (Central - European).

Distribution: EUR: AU, CR, CZ, FR, GE, IT-ITA, LS, SL, SZ ( Fig. 41 ).

H. lapidicola has a relatively widespread Central-European distribution, ranging from E France to Czech Republic (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b; Ribera et al. 2011).

70. Hydraena sanfilippoi (Audisio & De Biase 1995)

Hydraena lapidicola auct., nec Kiesenwetter 1849: 183; Chiesa 1958: 99; Chiesa 1959: 55–56;

Haenydra sanfilippoi Audisio & De Biase 1995: 172 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 40f ; female elytral apex: Fig. 40m ; geographic range: Fig. 41 .

Type locality: Italy, Liguria, Genova province, Fiorino , 250 m a.s.l. (“ Liguria, Fiorino [ GE], m 250”: Audisio & De Biase 1995) .

Primary types: Holotype at MSNG.

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.6 mm. EL/EW = 1.73; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. lapidicola ( Fig. 40b ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. lapidicola .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in fastflowing streams with both siliceous and carbonatic substrates, between 250 and 1000 m a.s.l. HER: eu18.

Chorotype: APPN (N Apenninic Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: IT-ITA ( Fig. 41 ).

H. sanfilippoi was collected in a few sites in Central and eastern Liguria and in W Tuscany (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities). A single female of H. sp. cfr. sanfilippoi was collected in S Apennine ( Italy, Calabria, Cosenza province, Longobucco; vii.1979, F. Angelini leg., CFT). Despite several attempts in the most recent years, by different entomologists, to collect additional specimens in such locality, the actual presence of this species (or of a closely related and undescribed taxon) in S Italy still needs to be be confirmed .

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

71. Hydraena bosnica Apfelbeck 1909

Hydraena (Haenydra) bosnica Apfelbeck 1909: 497 .

Male habitus: Fig. 42a ; male genitalia: Fig. 42b ; female elytral apex: Fig. 42e ; geographic range: Fig. 43 .

Type locality: Bosnia, Sarajevo province , Jablanica (“Jablanica”: Apfelbeck 1909) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series probably destroyed.

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.4 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown or black. Palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a deep V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus and frons densely punctate.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, convex, distinctly wide, posteriorly sinuate and with posterior angle right. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, markedly convex, not parallel-sided, oval-shaped. Explanate elytral margin wide and relatively long, reaching apex. Elytral apex conjointly rounded in male, with a V-shaped sutural notch in female ( Figs. 42a,e ).

Male mesotibiae slightly dilated in the inner edge of distal third, male metatibiae markedly dilated in the inner edge of mesal third, and with a distinctly bushy fringe of very long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the peculiar metatibiae, the sinuate pronotum, and the oval-shaped male elytra ( Fig. 42a ). Distinct from its allopatric sibling H. hungarica and H. leonhardi by female elytral apex ( Fig. 42e ) and the male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by a hook-shaped apex of the main piece ( Fig. 42b ). A revision of this complex is in press ( Stanković and Jäch 2012), with the description of a new species from Macedonia on the basis of a single male and a single female. However, combining the individual variability and structural complexity characterising male genitalia of species belonging to this clade, we believe that further molecular studies and the morphological examination of more specimens from the Balkans and Pannonian areas, would be fundamental in order to make final conclusions about the complex.

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, mainly with siliceous substrates, above 500 m a.s.l. HER: eu14; eu45. Chorotype: BALK (Balkanian Endemic). Distribution: EUR: BH, YU ( Fig. 43 ). H. bosnica is endemic to Bosnia, Serbia and Montenegro (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities). DNA data: No data.

72. Hydraena hungarica Rey 1884

Hydraena (Haenydra) hungarica Rey 1884: 270 ;

Hydraena (Haenydra) csikii Endrödy-Younga 1967: 24 ; Lohse 1971: 101 (czikii); Audisio et al. 1996: 79.

Male genitalia: Fig. 42c ; female elytral apex: Fig. 42f ; geographic range: Fig. 43 .

Type locality: Hungary (“Hongrie”: Rey 1884); very likely in W Carpathian Mts .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in MHNL .

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.4 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. bosnica ( Fig. 42a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. bosnica .

Habitat: As its siblings, this species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, mainly with siliceous substrates, above 500 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species.

Chorotype: PANN (Pannonian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: HU, PL, RO, SK, UK, YU ( Fig. 43 ).

H. hungarica is distributed in Central E Europe, ranging from Hungary to Ukraine (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: No data.

73. Hydraena leonhardi Breit 1916

Hydraena (Haenydra) leonhardi Breit 1916: 56 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 42d ; female elytral apex: Fig. 42g ; geographic range: Fig. 43 .

Type locality: Bulgaria, Kröstilca Mts , Magliz (“Maglice”: Breit 1916) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in ZMHB .

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.4 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. bosnica ( Fig. 42a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. bosnica .

Habitat: As its siblings, this species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, mainly with siliceous substrates, above 500 m a.s.l. HER: eu19; eu51.

Chorotype: BULG (Bulgarian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: BU, GR ( Fig. 43 ).

H. leonhardi is endemic to Bulgaria and NE Greece (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

74. Hydraena tatii Sáinz-Cantero & Alba-Tercedor 1989

Hydraena (Haenydra) tatii Sáinz-Cantero & Alba-Tercedor 1989: 111 .

Male habitus: Fig. 44a ; male genitalia: Fig. 44d ; female elytral apex: Fig. 44l ; geographic range: Fig. 45 .

Type locality: Spain, Andalusia, Granada province, Sierra Nevada, Sierra Güejar , Arroyo de los Tejos , 1460 a.s.l. (“ Arroyo de los Tejos , Güejar Sierra , 1460 m ”: Sainz-Cantero & Alba-Tercedor 1989) .

Primary types: Holotype at CSG.

Measurements: Length: 2.1 – 2.3 mm. EL/EW = 1.74; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.89.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, legs dark brown, palps pale reddish brown. Labrum with a deep Vshaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus finely and densely punctate, frons sparsely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, relatively convex, distinctly wide in the proximal half, posteriorly markedly sinuate and with posterior angle right. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra narrowly elongate, distinctly convex, slightly oval-shaped. Explanate elytral margin moderately wide and relatively long, not reaching apex. Elytral apex acuminate in male, with a Vshaped sutural notch in female ( Figs. 44a,l ). Protibiae very slightly arcuate, male metatibiae with fringe of relatively short setae along mesal face of distal half ( Fig. 44a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by peculiar pronotum and elytra in both sexes, and the male genitalia ( Figs. 44a,d,l ). Distinct from its allopatric siblings H. gaditana and H. manfredjaechi solely by the aedeagus, characterized (in lateral view) by a distinctly thinner aedeagal main piece ( Fig. 44d ). DNA data shows close relationships between H. tatii complex and other species usually associated with siliceous substrates ( H. devillei , H. lapidicola , H. hungarica and H. monstruosipes complexes; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

Habitat: This species was collected under stones in fastflowing streams, mainly with siliceous substrates and vegetal organic debris, between 1300 and 1600 m a.s.l. HER: eu8.

Chorotype: SIBE (S Iberian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: SP ( Fig. 45 ).

H. tatii is endemic to the N portion of Sierra Nevada, S Spain (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

75. Hydraena manfredjaechi Delgado & Soler 1991

Hydraena (Haenydra) manfredjaechi Delgado & Soler 1991: 217 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 44e ; female elytral apex: Fig. 44m ; geographic range: Fig. 45 .

Type locality: Spain, Andalusia, Jaen province, Jaen, spring of Rio Segura , 1400 m a.s.l. (“ Nacimiento del río Segura , Jaen , 1400 m ”: Delgado & Soler 1991) .

Primary types: Holotype at CDM.

Measurements: Length: 2.6 – 2.7 mm. EL/EW = 1.74; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.89.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. tatii ( Fig. 44a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. tatii .

Habitat: This species was collected under stones in cold and narrow, deep fastflowing streams, mainly with carbonatic substrates and vegetal organic debris, between 850 and 1500 m a.s.l. HER: eu47.

Chorotype: SIBE (S Iberian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: SP ( Fig. 45 ).

H. manfredjaechi is only known from a few localities in Jaen and Albacete provinces, S Spain (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

76. Hydraena gaditana Lagar & Fresneda 1990

Hydraena (Haenydra) gaditana Lagar & Fresneda 1990: 158 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 44f ; female elytral apex: Fig. 44n ; geographic range: Fig. 45 .

Type locality: Spain, Andalusia, Cádiz province, Grazalema, Arroyo del Caserio El Pinar , 660 m a.s.l. (“ Cádiz , Grazalema , Arroyo del Caserio El Pinar , 660 m ”: Lagar & Fresneda 1990) .

Primary types: Holotype at CFB.

Measurements: Length: 2.4 – 2.5 mm. EL/EW = 1.74; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.89.

Diagnosis: Male habitus identical to H. tatii ( Fig. 44a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. tatii .

Habitat: This species was collected under stones in cold fastflowing streams, mainly with carbonatic substrates, between 300 and 1000 m a.s.l. HER: eu36; eu40.

Chorotype: SIBE (S Iberian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: SP ( Fig. 45 ).

H. gaditana is known from a few localities in Cádiz and Malaga provinces, S Spain (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

77. Hydraena monstruosipes Ferro 1986

Hydraena (Haenydra) monstruosipes Ferro 1986: 137 .

Male habitus: Fig. 44b ; male genitalia: Fig. 44g ; female elytral apex: Fig. 44o ; geographic range: Fig. 45 .

Type locality: Spain, Lugo province , Lugo (“Lugo”: Ferro 1986) .

Primary types: Holotype at CFT.

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.5 mm. EL/EW = 1.78; PW/PL = 1.33; PW/EW = 0.80.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, legs dark brown, palps pale reddish brown. Labrum with a deep Vshaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons sparsely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes. Segment II of male maxillary palps slightly dilated and shorter than in other " Haenydra ", segment III distinctly dilated, but less that in H. lapidicola .

Pronotum cordiform, notably convex, distinctly wide in middle portion, posteriorly markedly sinuate and with posterior angle right. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, convex, parallel-sided in the proximal half, apically convergent in both sexes. Explanate elytral margin moderately wide and relatively long, not reaching apex. Elytral apex slightly conjointly rounded in male, moderately sinuate in female ( Figs. 44b,o ).

Male protibiae very slightly dilated in the inner edge of distal half, male mesotibiae distinctly dilated in the inner edge of distal half, and with a prominent spine along mesal face of mesal third; male metatibiae very markedly dilated in the inner edge of distal third and with bushy fringe of long setae along mesal face of distal half. Male profemura with a prominent U-shaped emargination along posterior margin ( Fig. 44b ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by peculiar male maxillary palps, pronotum and legs ( Fig. 44b ), and the male genitalia, characterized by distinctly small size, by an arrow-shaped apex and by the absence of a mobile distal lobe ( Fig. 44g ). Molecular data suggested a sister-group relationship between H. monstruosipes and H. zezerensis ( Trizzino et al. 2011b) .

Habitat: This species was collected under stones in fastflowing streams with siliceous substrates, between 800 and 1200 m a.s.l. HER: eu16.

Chorotype: CANT (Cantabrian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: SP ( Fig. 45 ).

H. monstruosipes is endemic to NW Spain (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

78. Hydraena zezerensis Díaz Pazos & Bilton 1995

Hydraena (Haenydra) zezerensis Díaz Pazos & Bilton 1995: 137 .

Male habitus: Fig. 44c ; male genitalia: Fig. 44h ; female elytral apex: Fig. 44p ; geographic range: Fig. 45 .

Type locality: Portugal, Beja district, Serra da Estrela, Guarda, Covao de Ametade, Rio Zezere , 1400 m a.s.l. (“ Serra da Estrela , Guarda, Covao de Ametade , 1400 m ”: Díaz Pazos & Bilton 1995) .

Primary types: Holotype at MNCN.

Measurements: Length: 1.9 – 2.1 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.28; PW/EW = 0.74.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a deep V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons sparsely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum cordiform, notably convex, distinctly wide in middle portion, posteriorly notably sinuate and with posterior angle right as in H. monstruosipes . Pronotal disc convex, rather densely and sparsely punctate in the whole discal surface. Elytra elongate, slightly convex, parallel-sided in the proximal half, apically convergent in both sexes. Explanate elytral margin moderately wide and relatively long, not reaching apex. Elytral apex slightly conjointly rounded in male, moderately sinuate in female ( Figs. 44c,p ).

Male meso- and metatibiae with a prominent spine along mesal face of proximal third; male metatibiae with fringe of long setae along mesal face of distal half. ( Fig. 44c ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by peculiar pronotum, peculiar male legs ( Fig. 44c ), and the male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by a paddle-shaped apex of main piece, and a large distal lobe resembling species of the H. tatii complex ( Table 1; Fig. 44h ).

Habitat: This species was collected under stones in a cold fastflowing stream at 1200 m a.s.l. HER: eu34.

Chorotype: LUSI (Lusitanian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: PT ( Fig. 45 ).

H. zezerensis is known solely from the type locality, N Portugal (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities) .

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

79. Hydraena bensae Ganglbauer 1901

Hydraena (Haenydra) bensae Ganglbauer 1901: 330 .

Male habitus: Fig. 46a ; male genitalia: Fig. 46d ; female elytral apex: Fig. 46l ; geographic range: Fig. 47 .

Type locality: Maritimes Alps (“Alpes maritimes”: Ganglbauer 1901, Jäch 1990).

Primary types: Lectotype ( HNHM) designated by Jäch (1990).

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.5 mm. EL/EW = 1.90; PW/PL = 1.38; PW/EW = 0.90.

Diagnosis: Body reddish brown to pale brown, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus finely but not densely punctate, frons sparsely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, distinctly wide, with external angle rounded; posteriorly sinuate with posterior angle almost right. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra notably elongate, markedly flattened and parallel-sided. Explanate elytral margin wide and relatively long, almost reaching apex. Elytral apex moderately conjointly rounded in male, slightly bifurcate in female ( Figs. 46a,l ).

Male mesotibiae slightly dilated in the inner edge of distal half, male metatibiae very slightly arcuate on the inner edge, and with fringe of long setae along mesal face of distal half (particularly more prominent in the distal third).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the distinctly elongate and flattened elytra ( Fig. 46a ). Distinct from other members of the H. polita complex ( Table 1) by the differently shaped female elytral apex ( Fig. 46l ) and the aedeagal main piece, which is notably straight and long, and characterized (in lateral view) by a U-shaped emargination on the dorsal margin of apical third and by a hookshaped apex ( Fig. 46d ).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in cold fastflowing streams, mostly on carbonatic substrates, between 150 and 1400 m a.s.l. HER: eu3; eu17; eu21.

Chorotype: ALSW (SW Alpine Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR-FRA, IT-ITA ( Fig. 47 ).

H. bensae is endemic to both French and Italian slopes of Maritimes Alps (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank

( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

80. Hydraena polita Kiesenwetter 1849

Hydraena polita Kiesenwetter 1849: 178 ;

Hydraena (Haenydra) cavernicola Jeannel 1920: 14 ; Pretner 1931c: 113.

Male habitus: Fig. 46b ; male genitalia: Fig. 46e ; female elytral apex: Fig. 46m ; geographic range: Fig. 47 .

Type locality: southern Germany (“südlichen Deutschland”: Kiesenwetter 1849) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in ZSM .

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.5 mm. EL/EW = 1.72; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Body reddish brown to pale brown, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a deep Vshaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus finely and densely punctate, frons densely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, distinctly wide, with anterior margin concave and external angle rounded. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra notably elongate, markedly flattened and parallel-sided. Explanate elytral margin distinctly wide and long, reaching apex. Elytral apex conjointly rounded in male, conjointly rounded and with a very slightly prominent Vshaped notch in female ( Figs. 46b,m ). Male mesotibiae with a V-shaped emargination within the distinctly prominent row of teeth along the inner edge of distal half, male metatibiae notably arcuate on the inner edge, and with fringe of long setae along mesal face of distal half ( Fig. 46b ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the distinctly elongate and flattened elytra, and the peculiarly shaped meso- and metatibiae ( Fig. 46b ). Distinct from other members of the H. polita complex ( Table 1) by the differently shaped female elytral apex ( Fig. 46m ), the peculiarly shaped meso- and metatibiae ( Fig. 46b ), and the aedeagal main piece, characterized (in lateral view) by a V-shaped hump on the dorsal margin of apical third, and an obliquely truncate apex ( Fig. 46e )

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams with carbonatic substrates, mostly between 500 and 1000 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species.

Chorotype: CEU (Central-European).

Distribution: EUR: AU, FR-FRA, GE, SP, SZ ( Fig. 47 ).

H. polita has a Central and W European distribution, ranging from Switzerland to E Spain (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank

( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

81. Hydraena bicuspidata Ganglbauer 1901

Hydraena (Haenydra) bicuspidata Ganglbauer 1901: 330 .

Male habitus: Fig. 46c ; male genitalia: Fig. 46f ; female elytral apex: Fig. 46n ; geographic range: Fig. 47 .

Type locality: France, Rhône-Alpes, Saint Romain en Giers (“Sudfrankreich. Saint Romain en Gier”: Ganglbauer 1901; Jäch, 1990).

Primary types: Lectotype ( HNHM) designated by Jäch (1990).

Measurements: Length: 2.1 – 2.2 mm. EL/EW = 1.80; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.90.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with a V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus densely punctate, frons sparsely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes. Pronotum sub-hexagonal, relatively wide, with anterior margin concave; posteriorly slightly sinuate with posterior angle almost right. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, markedly flattened and parallel-sided. Explanate elytral margin wide and relatively long, almost reaching apex. Elytral apex slightly conjointly rounded in male, distinctly bifurcate in female ( Figs. 46c,n ). Male pro-, meso- and metatibiae not dilated, male metatibiae with fringe of long setae along mesal face of distal half (particularly more prominent in the distal third).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Distinct from other members of the H. polita complex ( Table 1) by the differently shaped male and female elytral apex ( Figs. 46c,n ) and the aedeagal main piece, which is shorter than in related species, and characterized (in lateral view) by a wide and paddle-shaped apex ( Fig. 46d ).

Habitat: This species was collected under stones in cold fastflowing streams, on carbonatic substrates, between 150 and 1100 m a.s.l. HER: eu28.

Chorotype: FRCE (Central E - French Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR-FRA ( Fig. 47 ).

H. bicuspidata is known from a few sites in surroundings of the type locality and from Mt. Pilat, in easternmost portions of the Central Massif (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b).

82. Hydraena bitruncata d’Orchymont 1934

Hydraena (Haenydra) bitruncata d’Orchymont 1934b: 11 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 46g ; female elytral apex: Fig. 46o ; geographic range: Fig. 47 .

Type locality: France, Pyrénées-Orientales , Céret , Corsavy , Riufarré, 1000 m a.s.l. (“ Pyrenees-Orientaes, Bassin du Tech, Corsavy N. W., versant S. du Puig de l’Estelle, ruisseau Riufarré ”: d’Orchymont 1934b) .

Primary types: Holotype at ISNB.

Measurements: Length: 2.1 – 2.2 mm. EL/EW = 1.80; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.90.

Diagnosis: Male habitus almost identical to H. bicuspidata ( Fig. 46c ), with explanate elytral margin slightly wider, and male metatibial pubescence more prominent than in related species.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. bicuspidata .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in cold fastflowing streams between 700 and 1400 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species.

Chorotype: PYRE (Pyrenean Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR-FRA, SP ( Fig. 47 ).

H. bitruncata is endemic to both French and Spanish slopes of Pyrenees. A single female was reported as having been collected in a locality in Central Spain (Ávila; Balfour-Browne 1978; Valladares & Montes 1991);this citation is very doubtful, and it is probably due to a partial labelling mistake/interpretation. In fact, the locality of

Riera de Merles, situated south of Barcelona, most likely corresponds to the headwaters of this river, in the Begueda, i.e. within the range of the other records of the species. (I. Ribera personal communication; see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

83. Hydraena catalonica Fresneda, Aguilera & Hernando 1994

Hydraena (Haenydra) catalonica Fresneda, Aguilera & Hernando 1994: 81 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 46h ; female elytral apex: Fig. 46p ; geographic range: Fig. 47 .

Type locality: Spain, Catalonia, Lleida province, Sierra Cadí , riera de Cornellana, 1350 m a.s.l. (“Lleida, Fornols, riera de Cornellana, 1350 m ”: Fresneda et al. 1994) .

Primary types: Holotype at CFB.

Measurements: Length: 2.1 – 2.2 mm. EL/EW = 1.80; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.90.

Diagnosis: Male habitus almost identical to H. bicuspidata ( Fig. 46c ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. bicuspidata .

Habitat: This species was collected under stones in cold fastflowing streams, mainly above 800 m a.s.l. HER: eu6; eu50.

Chorotype: PYRE (Pyrenean Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: SP ( Fig. 47 ).

H. catalonica is endemic to Catalonia (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

84. Hydraena dentipes Germar 1824

Hydraena dentipes Germar 1824: 22 .

Male habitus: Fig. 48a ; male genitalia: Fig. 48e ; female elytral apex: Fig. 48m ; geographic range: Fig. 49 .

Type locality: France ( Germar 1824) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series probably destroyed.

Measurements: Length: 1.9 – 2.1 mm. EL/EW = 1.94; PW/PL = 1.42; PW/EW = 0.97.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, legs dark brown, palps pale reddish brown. Labrum with a deep Vshaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons sparsely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes. Pronotum sub-hexagonal, convex, distinctly wide in middle portion, posteriorly sinuate and with posterior angle right. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra relatively elongate, narrow and convex, parallel-sided in the proximal half, apically convergent in both sexes. Explanate elytral margin moderately narrow and relatively long, not reaching apex. Elytral apex slightly acuminate in male, moderately sinuate in female ( Figs. 48a,e ).

Male protibiae dilated in the inner edge of distal half. Male pro- and and mesotibiae with a prominent tooth in the inner edge of distal third. Male metatibiae with a small spine in the inner pre-apical portion of the distinctly dilated distal half, and with fringe of relatively short setae along mesal face of proximal 2/3. ( Fig. 48a ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other " Haenydra " by the peculiarly shaped male legs ( Fig. 48a ). Despite the peculiar body shape, male genitalia of this species, characterized (in lateral view) by a bifurcate apex and a notably short flagellum on the left side of apical third ( Fig. 48m ), suggest relationships with H. heterogyna , H. producta and allies, as confirmed by molecular data (Ribera et al., Trizzino et al. 2011b).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in fastflowing streams with siliceous substrates, between 150 and 1200 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species.

Chorotype: CEU (Central - European).

Distribution: EUR: AU, BE, CZ, FR-FRA, GE, IT-ITA, LU, PL, RO, SK, SL ( Fig. 49 ).

H. dentipes is widely distributed in Central Europe, ranging from France to Rumania (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

85. Hydraena heterogyna Bedel 1898

Hydraena heterogyna Bedel 1898: 292 ;

Hydraena (Haenydra) italica Ganglbauer 1901: 328 ; Fiori 1904: 248; Audisio & De Biase 1995: 168;

Hydraena (Haenydra) italica var. bidentata Ganglbauer 1901: 329 ; Fiori 1904: 251; d’Orchymont 1934a: 162; Audisio & De Biase 1995: 168;

Hydraena (Haenydra) italica var. doderoi Ganglbauer 1901: 329 ; Fiori 1904: 251; d’Orchymont 1930: 371; Audisio & De Biase 1995: 168;

Hydraena italica var. portai Fiori 1904: 251 ; Knisch 1924: 48; d’Orchymont 1934a: 162; Audisio & De Biase 1995: 170;

Hydraena italica var. ganglbaueri Fiori 1904: 251 ; Knisch 1924: 48; d’Orchymont 1934a: 162; Audisio & De Biase 1995: 170;

Hydraena (Haenydra) tyrolensis Janssens 1967: 1 ; Jäch 1989: 190; Audisio & De Biase 1995: 170;

Hydraena (Haenydra) heterogyna ssp. binaghii Jäch 1989: 190 ; Audisio & De Biase 1995: 170.

Male habitus: Fig. 48b ; male genitalia: Fig. 48f ; female elytral apex: Fig. 48n,o,p ; geographic range: Fig. 49 .

Type locality: France, Maritimes Alps , Nice, Saint-Martin Vésubie (“Alpes-Maritimes, Saint-Martin- Vesubie”: Bedel 1898) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in MNHN .

Measurements: Length: 2. 0 – 2.2 mm. EL/EW = 1.55; PW/PL = 1.30; PW/EW = 0.70.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus finely, but not densely, punctate, frons densely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum cordiform, more or less wide, pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra slightly elongate, distinctly flattened, parallel-sided in the proximal half, apically convergent. Explanate elytral margin markedly wide and relatively long, almost reaching apex ( Fig. 48b ). Elytral apex slightly acuminate in male, variably shaped in female, where the apex could be conjointly rounded, obtusely truncate, partially or completely bifurcate ( Figs. 48n,o,p ; see also Binaghi 1960). Male pro-, meso- and metatibiae not dilated. Male metatibiae with fringe of relatively long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other members of the H. heterogyna complex ( Table 1) by the flattened and explanate elytra ( Fig. 48b ), the peculiarly variable female elytra apices ( Figs. 48n,o,p ), and the male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by a wide and peculiarly shaped apex, and a notably short and relatively thick flagellum on the left side of apical third ( Fig. 48f ).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, mostly in forests with broadleaved trees, and chiefly in Fagus forests, between 100 and 1300 m a.s.l. HER: Heterotopic species.

Chorotype: ITAL (Italian Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR-FRA, IT-ITA, SZ ( Fig. 49 ).

H. heterogyna s.l. (see below) is distributed in SE France (Maritimes Alps), in Switzerland (exclusively in SE valleys hydrographically belonging to Italian mainland) and in peninsular Italy (also including Elba Island), southwards to N Calabria (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

Taxonomic remarks: On the basis of the huge apparent variability of female elytral apex (and partially also of aedeagal apex or of male elytral apex), several taxonomists introduced a series of species/subspecies/varieties within the nominal taxon Hydraena heterogyna ( Ganglbauer 1901; Fiori 1904; Binaghi, 1960; Janssens 1967; Jäch 1989). More recently, Audisio & De Biase (1995) remarked that, despite the great and discontinuous variability of the female elytra, the shape variations of the aedeagal apex (see Figs. 8,10,11,12, 13 in Audisio & De Biase 1995) apparently follow a relatively gradual geographic cline from East to West and from North to South along the Italian Peninsula, thus suggesting that all the different female morphotypes may belong to a single and variable species.

Recent molecular data (Ribera et al. unpublished data), also supported by new morphological evidence (Trizzino et al. unpublished data), seem to suggest that a pair of cryptic and probably parapatric species (whose respective distribution and taxonomic/ nomenclatorial characterization remain to be more clearly disentangled by further molecular and morphological analyses), could actually be present in Peninsular Italy within “ H. heterogyna s.l. ” (Trizzino et al. unpublished data). Waiting for further molecular analyses, which are nearing completion, in this contribution we prefer to maintain H. heterogyna s.l. as a single variable species.

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

86. Hydraena plumipes Rey 1886

Hydraena (Haenydra) plumipes (Baudi i.l.) Rey 1886: 99;

Hydraena (Haenydra) italica var. procera Ganglbauer 1901: 330 ; Chiesa 1958: 99.

Male habitus: Fig. 48c ; male genitalia: Fig. 48g ; female elytral apex: Fig. 48q ; geographic range: Fig. 49 .

Type locality: Italy, Apennines (“Apennins”: Rey 1886), certainly on Tosco-Emiliano Apennine .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated; type material apparently lost according to d’Orchymont 1933).

Measurements: Length: 2.3 – 2.4 mm. EL/EW = 1.60; PW/PL = 1.50; PW/EW = 0.83.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons densely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum hexagonal, distinctly wide and convex, pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra slightly elongate, distinctly flattened, parallelsided. Explanate elytral margin relatively wide and long, almost reaching apex. Elytral apex slightly acuminate in male, distinctly bifurcate in female ( Figs. 48c,q ). Male pro-, meso- and metatibiae not dilated, male metatibiae with bushy fringe of distinctly long setae along mesal face of distal half ( Fig. 48c ).

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other members of the H. heterogyna complex ( Table 1) by the wide and convex pronotum ( Fig. 48c ), the prominent pubescence of male metatibiae ( Fig. 48c ), the peculiarly shaped female elytral apex ( Fig. 48q ), and the male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by a distinctly wide and paddle-shaped apex ( Fig. 48g ).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, chiefly in Fagus forests, between 250 and 1500 m a.s.l. HER: eu18; eu84. Chorotype: APPN (N Apenninic Endemic). Distribution: EUR: IT-ITA ( Fig. 49 ). H. plumipes is endemic to Tosco-Emiliano Apennine (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities). DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b; Ribera et al. 2011).

87. Hydraena discreta Ganglbauer 1904

Hydraena (Haenydra) monticola auct.: Ganglbauer 1901: 328 (partim), nec Rey 1886: 30; Pretner 1931a: 79;

Hydraena (Haenydra) italica ssp. discreta Ganglbauer 1904: 210 (partim);

? Hydraena italica ab. prolongata Fiori 1904: 250;

Hydraena (Haenydra) discreta ; Pretner 1931a: 78.

Male habitus: Fig. 48d ; male genitalia: Fig. 48h ; female elytral apex: Fig. 48r ; geographic range: Fig. 49 .

Type locality: Italy, Liguria, Genova province, Busalla (“Oberitalien”: Ganglbauer 1904; “Busalla”: Jäch 1990).

Primary types: Lectotype ( NMW) designated by Jäch (1990).

Measurements: Length: 2. 0 – 2.1 mm. EL/EW = 1.75; PW/PL = 1.55; PW/EW = 0.83.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons densely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, relatively wide, pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra slightly elongate, flattened, parallel-sided in the proximal half, apically convergent. Explanate elytral margin relatively wide and long, almost reaching apex. Elytral apex obtusely truncate in female ( Figs. 48d,r ). Male pro-, meso- and metatibiae not dilated, male metatibiae with fringe of long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: Easily diagnosed from other members of the H. heterogyna complex ( Table 1) by the relatively narrowed male elytral apex ( Fig. 48d ), the peculiarly shaped female elytra apices ( Fig. 48r ), and the male genitalia, characterized (in lateral view) by a distinctly narrow main piece, and by a distal lobe longer than in related species ( Fig. 48h ).

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, mainly with carbonatic substrates, between 60 and 1000 m a.s.l. HER: eu18.

Chorotype: APPN (N-Apenninic Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: IT-ITA ( Fig. 49 ).

H. discreta is endemic to NW Italy, from Liguria to W Emilia and NW Tuscany, with a pair of isolated records also in S Piedmont (Alessandria and Cuneo provinces). See Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities ).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Trizzino et al. 2011b; Ribera et al. 2011).

88. Hydraena producta Mulsant & Rey 1852

Hydraena producta Mulsant & Rey 1852: 299 .

Male genitalia: Fig. 48l ; female elytral apex: Fig. 48s ; geographic range: Fig. 49 .

Type locality: France, Rhône-Alpes, Avenas (“Avenas”: Mulsant & Rey 1852) .

Primary types: Holotype / Lectotype not yet formally designated. Type series in MHNL .

Measurements: Length: 1.9 – 2.1 mm. EL/EW = 1.75; PW/PL = 1.55; PW/EW = 0.83.

Diagnosis: Male habitus almost identical to H. discreta ( Fig. 48d ), with slightly narrower explanate elytral margin.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: See differential diagnosis of H. discreta .

Habitat: This species usually lives under stones in small fastflowing streams, above 500 m a.s.l. HER: eu28.

Chorotype: FRCE (Central E-French Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: FR-FRA ( Fig. 49 ).

H. producta is endemic to Central E France (see Appendix 2 for all the detailed known localities).

DNA data: For this species, mtDNA data (COI, 16S rDNA, tRNA leu and NAD1) are available in GenBank ( Ribera et al. 2011; Trizzino et al. 2011b).

Species of uncertain taxonomic position

89. Hydraena sappho Janssens 1965

Hydraena (Haenydra) sappho Janssens 1965: 104 .

Male habitus: Fig. 50a ; male genitalia: Fig. 50b ; female: unknown.

Type locality: Greece, Preveza province , Lefkada Island, road between Lefkada and Spanochori (“île de Leucade ”: Janssens 1965) .

Primary types: Holotype at ISNB.

Measurements: Length: 2.3 mm. EL/EW = 1.68; PW/PL = 1.30; PW/EW = 0.77.

Diagnosis: Body dark brown to black, palps and legs pale reddish brown. Labrum with V-shaped notch on anterior margin. Clypeus shiny, frons densely punctate in middle portion, rugosely punctate nearby the eyes.

Pronotum sub-hexagonal, relatively wide, posteriorly sinuate and with posterior angle right. Pronotal disc convex, rather densely punctate near anterior and posterior margin, along midline and at posterior foveae. Elytra elongate, distinctly convex, parallel-sided in the proximal half, apically convergent. Explanate elytral margin relatively narrow and long, not reaching apex. Male elytral apex acuminate ( Fig. 50a ). Male pro-, meso- and metatibiae not dilated, male metatibiae with fringe of relatively long setae along mesal face of distal half.

Taxonomic position and diagnostic characters: This species is currently known only from a single male specimen (Holotype; ISNB) collected by Janssens in 1961. As reported by recent authors ( Jäch 1989; Audisio et al. 1996), the type locality of H. sappho was lately destroyed by human activity. Furthermore, the male genitalia of the holotype was badly prepared, and subsequently crushed, by Janssens between two glasses, thus the illustrated aedeagus could slightly differ in terms of shape and spatial orientation ( Fig. 50b ; see also Janssens 1965 and Audisio et al. 1996).

The damaged aedeagus, combined with the impossibility to collect additional specimens (vane attempts have been made by different specialists in several rivers and small streams both in Lefkada Island and in the contiguous areas of the W Greece mainland), preclude making definitive relationships among this species and the remaining " Haenydra ".

However, mainly based on the shape of male genitalia, Audisio et al. (1996) hypothesized a relationship between H. sappho and species of the H. tatii complex (proposing a " Hydraena sappho group"). Otherwise, M. Jäch (personal communication 2010; see also Ribera et al. 2011), mainly based on external morphology, and taking into account that the aedeagal distal lobe of the HT is deformed, suggested possible affinities between H. sappho and members of the H. excisa complex ( Table 1).

Habitat: The HT of H. sappho was collected in a small stream with siliceous substrate.

Chorotype: GRNW? (NW-Greek Endemic).

Distribution: EUR: GR-Lefkada (Fig. 51).

Note: Excluding a labeling mistake by Janssens, this species is probably extinct.

DNA data: No data.

Key to identification of male specimens of Hydraena species belonging to “ Haenydra ”

1 (2) Protibiae at distal third bearing a distinct sharp tooth directed inwards ( Fig. 48a ); metatibiae bearing a distinct nearly distal sharp tooth directed inwards and backwards ( Fig. 48a ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 48e ). Central Europe ( Fig. 49 )................................................................................ 84. dentipes Germar 1842

2 (1) Protibiae without tooth directed inwards, in some species only with widely obtusely dilated projection directed inwards ( Fig. 40a ); metatibiae without nearly distal sharp tooth directed inwards and backwards........................... 3

3 (4) Mesotibiae bearing a distinct sharp tooth directed inwards ( Figs. 44 b-c)...................................... 5

4 (3) Mesotibiae never bearing a distinct sharp tooth directed inwards (e.g., Figs. 38a and 40b ), in some species only with more or less widely obtusely dilated projection directed inwards ( Figs. 12a , 40a ), or with marked mesal emargination ( Fig. 46b ). 7

5 (6) Metatibiae markedly dilated at distal half ( Fig. 44b ; Appendix 3a-b); metafemura with a strong, deep and narrow emargination along posterior edge of their proximal half ( Fig. 44b ); segment III of maxillary palps markedly enlarged, much wider than protarsi ( Fig. 44b ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 44g ). NW Spain ( Fig. 45 )........ 77. monstruosipes Ferro 1986

6 (5) Metatibiae bearing a distinct sharp tooth directed inwards at proximal third ( Fig. 44c ; Appendix 3c-d); metafemura without strong, deep and narrow emargination along posterior edge of their proximal half ( Fig. 44c ); segment III of maxillary palps not enlarged, slightly wider than protarsi ( Fig. 44c ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 44h ). Portugal ( Fig. 45 )....................................................................... 78. zezerensis Díaz Pazos & Bilton 1995

7 (8) Mesotibiae at mesal third with widely obtusely dilated projection directed inwards ( Figs. 12a , 40a ).................. 9

8 (7) Mesotibiae at mesal third without widely obtusely dilated projection directed inwards, in some species only with moderately dilated mesotibial distal portion (e.g., Figs. 16a , 18a and 20a ), or with marked mesal emargination ( Fig. 46b ).... 17

9 (10) Protibiae simple, without even obtusely dilated projection directed inwards ( Fig. 12a ); mesotibiae at mesal third with less evidently obtusely dilated projection ( Fig. 12a ; Appendix 3h); metatibiae with peculiarly long, dense, and developed hairs on inner edges ( Fig. 12a ; Appendix 3l); ventral surface of profemura without fringe of hairs. Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 12 c, d, e ); four distinct aedeagal setae present. Species from Iberian Peninsula.......................... 11

10 (9) Protibiae with distinct obtusely dilated projection directed inwards ( Fig. 40a ); mesotibiae at mesal third with more evidently obtusely dilated projection ( Fig. 40a ; Appendix 3m); metatibiae with less long, dense, and developed hairs on inner edges ( Fig. 40a ; Appendix 3n); ventral surface of profemura with fringe of hairs. Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 40 c, d ); three distinct aedeagal setae present. Species from Italian Peninsula and marginally bordering areas................ 15

11 (12) Dorsal outline of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view armed with a distinct predistal tooth ( Fig. 12 e ). Central Spain (Sierra Madrona) ( Fig. 13 )................................ 7. madronensis Castro, García & Ferreras 2000

12 (11) Dorsal outline of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view without predistal tooth ( Figs. 12 c, d ). Most of Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 13 )................................................................................... 13

13 (14) Mesal portion of dorsal outline of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view with markedly distinct projection, and distal apex nearly hook-shaped ( Fig. 12d ). Central W Spain (Sierra de Altamira) ( Fig. 13 )........................................................................................ 6. altamirensis Díaz Pazos & Garrido Gonzalez 1993

14 (13) Mesal portion of dorsal edge of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view without projection, and distal apex obliquely truncate, not nearly hook-shaped ( Fig. 12c ). Most of Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 13 )............ 5. iberica d’Orchymont 1936

15 (16) Proximal half of aedeagal main piece markedly more curved in lateral view ( Fig. 40d ). NE Italy, NW Slovenia, NW Croatia ( Fig. 41 )............................................................. 68. devincta d’Orchymont 1940

16 (15) Proximal half of aedeagal main piece markedly less curved in lateral view ( Fig. 40c ). SE France, NW and peninsular Italy ( Fig. 41 ).................................................................. 67. devillei Ganglbauer 1901

17 (18) Segment II and III of maxillary palps markedly enlarged, much wider than protarsi ( Fig. 40b )..................... 19

18 (17) Segment II and III of maxillary palps not enlarged, slightly wider than protarsi (e.g., Figs. 42a and 44a )............ 21

19 (20) Distal half of the aedeagal main piece markedly wider and dorsally more curved in lateral view ( Fig. 40e ). Central Europe, southwards to W Liguria ( Fig. 41 )........................................... 69. lapidicola Kiesenwetter 1849

20 (19) Distal half of aedeagal main piece markedly narrower and dorsally less curved in lateral view ( Fig. 40f ). NW Italy (E Liguria, W Tuscany) ( Fig. 41 ).......................................... 70. sanfilippoi (Audisio & De Biase 1995)

21 (22) Metatibiae markedly curved ( Fig. 46b ); mesotibiae at mesal third with marked denticulate emargination ( Fig. 46b ; Appendix 3g). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 46e ). Mostly in Central Europe ( Fig. 47 )......... 80. polita Kiesenwetter 1849

22 (21) Metatibiae not curved; mesotibiae without emargination at mesal third........................................ 23

23 (24) Metatibiae lacking a fringe of distinct and well-developed hairs along their inner edges, represented, in fact, only by a series of short and moderately distinct setae ( Figs. 10a, c ). Male genitalia as figured, with a single seta ( Figs. 10d, g ). Central-eastern Europe ( Fig. 11 )........................................................................ 25

24 (23) Metatibiae always bearing a well-developed fringe of long hairs along distal half or at least distal third of their inner edges (e.g., Figs. 10b , 22a, b , and 44a ). Male genitalia with two to five setae (e.g., Figs. 22d, e , 34e , and 44e )............ 27

25 (26) Metatibiae distinctly dilated medially ( Fig. 10c ; Appendix 3e). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 10g ). Slovenia and NE Italy ( Fig. 11 ).................................................................... 2. carniolica Pretner 1970

26 (25) Metatibiae not at all dilated medially ( Fig. 10a ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 10d ). Central-eastern Europe, including NE Italy (Friuli-Venezia Giulia; fig. 11)............................................ 1. schuleri Ganglbauer 1901

27 (28) Metatibiae bearing a well-developed fringe of long hairs only along distal third of their inner edges, the hairs on the middle portion being much shorter and less evident ( Fig. 10b ; Appendix 3o). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 10e, f )......... 29

28 (27) Metatibiae bearing a well-developed fringe of long hairs at least along the whole distal half of their inner edges (e.g., Figs. 22a, b and 44a ). Male genitalia differently shaped....................................................... 31

29 (30) Main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view thinner and narrower, particularly in mesal third ( Fig. 10f ); distal flagellum distinctly longer and more developed than in the following species. southern Greece (Peloponnesus) ( Fig. 11 ).......................................................................................... 4. aroensis (Ferro 1992)

30 (29) Main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view thicker and wider, particularly in mesal third ( Fig. 10e ); distal flagellum distinctly shorter and less developed than in the preceding species. Balkans excluding Peloponnesus ( Fig. 11 ).................................................................................... 3. subintegra Ganglbauer 1901

31 (32) Distal dorsal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus furked, with two-three strong, finger-like projections ( Figs. 42 b-d), and a single, flagellum-like, mobile lobe. Species from Balkans and SE Europe only ( Fig. 43 ).................... 33

32 (31) Distal dorsal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus not furked, without finger-like projections................ 37

33 (34) Species from Pannonian areas ( Fig. 43 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 42c )................. 72. hungarica Rey 1884

34 (33) Species from Balkans ( Fig. 43 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 42b, d )....................................... 35

35 (36) Species from NE Balkans ( Croatia, Bosnia, Serbia, Montenegro) ( Fig. 43 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 42b )................................................................................... 71. bosnica Apfelbeck 1909

36 (35) Species from SE Balkans ( Bulgaria, NE Greece) ( Fig. 43 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 42d )................................................................................................... 73. leonhardi Breit 1916

37 (38) Distal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus lacking both mobile lobe and flagellum ( Figs. 46 d , f-h); 4 distinct aedeagal setae present................................................................................. 39

38 (37) Distal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus bearing both mobile lobe and flagellum, or the mobile lobe only (e.g., Figs. 18d–h , 48f–l and 32b–g ); aedeagal setae 2 to 5..................................................... 45

39 (40) Distal ventral portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view with a distinct, more or less deep U-shaped emargination ( Figs. 46g –h ). Species from NE Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 47 )......................................... 41

40 (39) Distal ventral portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view without emargination ( Figs. 46d, f ). Species from France and NW Italy ( Fig. 47 )....................................................................... 43

41 (42) Distal ventral portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view with a much deeper U-shaped emargination ( Fig. 46h ). Catalonia ( Fig. 47 )................................. 83. catalonica Fresneda, Aguilera & Hernando 1994

42 (41) Distal ventral portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view with a much shallower U-shaped emargination ( Fig. 46g ). eastern Spanish Pyrenees ( Fig. 47 )..................................... 82. bitruncata d’Orchymont 1934

43 (44) Distal dorsal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view with two distinct contiguous widely U-shaped emarginations ( Fig. 46d ). SE France and NW Italy ( Fig. 47 )............................. 79. bensae Ganglbauer 1901

44 (43) Distal dorsal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view markedly enlarged and without emarginations ( Fig. 46f ). Central E France (Mont Pilat and neighbouring areas; fig. 47)................ 81. bicuspidata Ganglbauer 1901

45 (46) Distal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus bearing only the mobile lobe, (the latter never crowning with a flagellum; Figs. 12f , 24c–l , 26c–m , 28b–d , 30c–e , 32b–g , 36c–f and 44d–f ), or bearing a more or less developed flagellum-like mobile lobe ( Figs. 38f and 48f–l ); aedeagal setae 3 to 5.................................................. 47

46 (45) Distal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus bearing a mobile lobe crowning with a more or less developed flagellum ( Figs. 14b–d , 16c–h , 18d–h , 20b–e , 22d–f , 34c–e , 38d–e and 44d–f ); aedeagal setae 2 to 4..................... 124

47 (48) Distal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus bearing a mobile lobe not flagellum-like; male genitalia as figured (12f, 24c–l, 26c–m, 28b–d, 30c–e, 32b–g, 36c–f and 44d–f)................................................... 49

48 (47) Distal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus bearing a more or less developed flagellum-like mobile lobe. Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 38f and 48f–l )................................................................... 116

49 (50) Basal (proximal) tooth of the main piece of the aedeagus bearing a distinct, rather long seta ( Figs. 44 d–f ); 5 aedeagal setae. Species from S Spain ( Fig. 45 )................................................................. 51

50 (49) Basal (proximal) tooth of the main piece of the aedeagus without setae; 3 to 4 aedeagal setae.................... 55

51 (52) Distal half of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view much narrower than in following two species ( Fig. 44d ). Granada province (Sierra Nevada) ( Fig. 45 )........................... 74. tatii Sáinz-Cantero & Alba-Tercedor 1989

52 (51) Distal half of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view much wider than in the preceding species ( Figs. 44e, f ). Jaen and Cadiz provinces ( Fig. 45 )....................................................................... 53

53 (54) Mesal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view much wider ( Fig. 44f ). Cadiz province ( Fig. 45 )............................................................................ 76. gaditana Lagar& Fresneda 1990

54 (53) Mesal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view distinctly narrower ( Fig. 44e ). Jaen province ( Fig. 45 ) ................................................................... 75. manfredjaechi Delgado & Soler 1991

55 (56) Body size not exceeding 1.8 mm ( Fig. 12b ); body reddish-brown even in not-teneral specimens. Distal dorsal portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view widely enlarged, deeply emarginated, and apically truncate ( Fig. 12f ); 4 aedeagal setae. W Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 13 )...................................... 8. lusitana Berthélemy 1977

56 (55) Body size usually markedly exceeding 1.8 mm. 3 or 4 aedeagal setae. Differently shaped main piece of the aedeagus..... ............................................................................................... 57

57 (58) 4 aedeagal setae, subequal in length ( Figs. 36c–f ). Body always reddish to orange-yellowish, even in not-teneral specimens. Species from peninsular Italy and SE France ( Fig. 37 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 36c–f )............... 59

58 (57) 3 aedeagal setae subequal in length (fourth one, if present, much shorter and hardly distinct). Body never reddish to orange-yellowish in not-teneral specimens. Male genitalia differently shaped................................. 65

59 (60) Metatibiae simple, without any dilatation distally ( Fig. 36a ). Main piece of the aedeagus as figured, markedly dilated in lateral view, and peculiarly large- sized (around 750µm; fig. 36c). SE France, NW Italy ( Fig. 37 )........................................................................................ 60. decolor Sainte-Claire Deville 1903

60 (59) Metatibiae moderately but distinctly dilated at distal third ( Fig. 36b ; Appendix 3f). Main piece of the aedeagus as figured, much less dilated in lateral view, and of relatively normal size (around 580–650µm; Figs. 36d–f )................ 61

61 (62) Main piece of the aedeagus as figured, mesal portion slender and less abruptly sinuate in lateral view ( Fig. 36e ). Central and eastern Tosco-Emiliano Apennine ( Fig. 37 )................................... 63. bononiensis Chiesa 1959

62 (61) Main piece of the aedeagus as figured, mesal portion wider and more abruptly sinuate in lateral view ( Figs. 36d, f )... 63

63 (64) Main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view with prebasal emargination narrower, and delimited by a markedly distinct right angle ( Fig. 36f ). Central and southern Apennines ( Fig. 37 )............................... 61. solarii Pretner 1930

64 (63) Main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view with prebasal emargination wider, sloping regularly distad ( Fig. 36d ). SE France, NW Italy ( Fig. 37 )........................................... 62. occitana (Audisio & De Biase 1995)

65 (66) Distal mobile lobe of the aedeagus not spiral-shaped ( Figs. 24c–l ). 3 aedeagal setae subequal in length............. 67

66 (65) Distal mobile lobe of the aedeagus spiral-shaped ( Figs. 26c–m , 28b–d , 30c–e and 32b–g ). 3 aedeagal setae subequal in length, in some species with an additional minute peg.................................................... 79

67 (68) Distal portion of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view with obliquely truncate apex and dorsal edge bearing two markedly distinct acute projections ( Fig. 24l ). Elytral margins peculiarly widely explanate ( Fig. 24b ). N Turkey (Central Pontic Chain; fig. 25)............................................................... 36. crepidoptera Jäch 1992

68 (67) Distal portion of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view more or less regularly sloping, apex not abruptly truncate as above, dorsal edge without projections ( Figs. 24c–h ). Elytral margins more or less explanate ( Fig. 24a )............. 69

69 (70) Species from Thassos and Samothraki Islands (E Greece; fig. 25). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 24f, h )........... 71

70 (69) Species from mainland Europe and Euro-Anatolian areas ( Fig. 25 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 24c–e, g )........ 73

71 (72) Species from Samothraki Island (E Greece; fig. 25). Size of aedeagal main piece smaller than 500µm. Dorsal margin of apical half of the main piece entirely evenly convex, bearing a distinct hump near the middle ( Fig. 24h )................................................................................................. 35. nike Jäch 1995

72 (71) Species from Thassos Island (E Greece; fig. 25). Size of aedeagal main piece larger than 500µm. Dorsal margin of apical half of the main piece nearly straight, without distinct hump near the middle ( Fig. 24f )....... 33. elisabethae Jäch 1992

73 (74) Species from Anatolian Peninsula and Caucasian areas ( Fig. 25 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 24e,g )............. 75

74 (73) Species from mainland Europe ( Fig. 25 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 25c–d )............................... 77

75 (76) Elytral margins much more narrowly flattened ( Fig. 24a ). Dorsal margin of the main piece of the aedeagus usually gently emarginate in apical tenth, but without distinct hump near apical sixth ( Fig. 24g ). Turkey and Azerbaijan ( Fig. 25 )................................................................................ 34. anatolica Janssens 1963

76 (75) Elytral margins nearly as widely flattened and explanate as in Fig. 24 b . Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 24e ). N Turkey (Bolu province; fig. 25)........................................................ 32. graciloides (Jäch 1988)

77 (78) Predistal portion of dorsal edge of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view almost straight, without emargination; distal apex narrower than in the following species ( Fig. 24c ). Mainland Europe, excluding Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 25 )................................................................................... 30. gracilis Germar 1824

78 (77) Predistal portion of dorsal edge of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view, with a distinct gently curved emargination; distal apex wider than in the preceding species ( Fig. 24d ). Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 25 )........................................................................... 31. gracilidelphis Trizzino, Valladares, Garrido & Audisio 2012

79 (80) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe peculiarly large, distinctly wider than the phallobase; distal apex of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view sharply and evenly triangular ( Figs. 30e and 32b–g ). 3 aedeagal setae, additional minute peg always absent.................................................................................... 81

80 (79) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe smaller and narrower, never distinctly wider than the phallobase ( Figs. 26d–m , 28b–d and 30c–d ); if nearly so large, then distal apex not triangular ( Fig. 26c ). 3 aedeagal setae, additional minute peg always absent.................................................................................... 95

81 (82) Species from Anatolian Peninsula and Lesbos Island ( Fig. 33 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 32 c–e )............. 83

82 (81) Species from mainland Europe ( Fig. 33 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 32 f–h ).............................. 87

83 (84) Predistal portion of dorsal edge of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view with a markedly distinct projection ( Fig. 32e ). W Turkey and Lesbos Island ( Fig. 33 )............................................ 53. cata d’Orchymont 1943

84 (83) Predistal portion of dorsal edge of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view without a markedly distinct projection ( Figs. 32c–d ). Species from N and S Turkey ( Fig. 33 ).......................................................... 85

85 (86) Distal half of dorsal edge of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view almost straight ( Fig. 32d ). N and E Turkey ( Fig. 33 ).............................................................................. 52. integra Pretner 1931

86 (85) Distal half of dorsal edge of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view markedly more convex ( Fig. 32c ). S Turkey ( Fig. 33 )............................................................ 50. akbesiana Audisio, De Biase & Jäch 1993

87 (88) Species from Peloponnesus (S Greece; Figs. 31 and 33 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 30e and 32g ).............. 89

88 (89) Species from mainland Europe, excluding Peloponnesus ( Fig. 33 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 32b, f, h )......... 91

89 (90) Proximal portion of the distal half of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view delimited by a blunt, nearly right angle ( Fig. 30e ). S Peloponnesus (Taygethos Mts.; fig. 31).......................................... 49. pelops Jäch 1995

90 (89) Proximal portion of the distal half of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view regularly sloping, not delimited by a distinct angle ( Fig. 32g ). Whole Peloponnesus ( Fig. 33 )..................... 55. christinae Audisio De Biase & Jäch 1996

91 (92) Species from Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 33 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 32h )....... 56. exasperata d’Orchymont 1935

92 (91) Species from mainland Europe excluding Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 33 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 32b, f )........ 93

93 (94) Size of aedeagal main piece smaller, ranging around 450µm ( Fig. 32f ). Balkans, Romania and European Turkey ( Fig. 33 )........................................................................ 54. phallica d’Orchymont 1930

94 (93) Size of aedeagal main piece larger, ranging around 550µm ( Fig. 32b ). N and Central E Europe, southwards to N Greece ( Fig. 33 )................................................................... 51. excisa Kiesenwetter 1849

95 (96) Distal half of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view roughly plough-shaped, being delimited proximally by a more or less markedly distinct angle ( Figs. 28b–d ). 3 aedeagal setae subequal in length, without additional minute peg.......... 97

96 (95) Distal half of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view not plough-shaped, not delimited proximally by a markedly distinct angle ( Figs. 26c–m ). 3 aedeagal setae subequal in length, in some species with an additional minute peg........... 100

97 (98) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe smaller, distinctly truncate, and peculiarly parallelepiped-shaped ( Fig. 28d ). NE Italy (Treviso province; fig. 29).................................................. 46. tarvisina (Ferro 1992)

98 (97) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe larger, and not parallelepiped-shaped ( Figs. 28b–c ). Central Europe and N Balkans ( Fig. 29 )................................................................................... 99

99 (100) Angle proximally delimiting the plough-shaped distal half of the aedeagal main piece sharp and almost right ( Fig. 28b ). N Balkans ( Fig. 29 )........................................................ 44. dalmatina Ganglbauer 1901

100 (99) Angle proximally delimiting the plough-shaped distal half of the aedeagal main piece much more blunt and rounded ( Fig. 28c ). Central and E Europe ( Fig. 29 )........................................... 45. belgica d’Orchymont 1930

101 (102) Mesotibiae slightly enlarged in distal half ( Fig. 26b ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 26h ). Iberian Peninsula ( Fig. 27 )............................................................................ 41. hispanica Ganglbauer 1901

102 (101) Mesotibiae simple, not enlarged in distal half ( Figs. 26a and 30a ). Male genitalia differently shaped............... 103

103 (104) Species from N Iberian Peninsula and Pyrenees Mts. ( Fig. 27 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 26a, f–g )........... 105

104 (103) Species from Central and E Europe, Italy and Greece ( Figs. 27 and 31 )...................................... 108

105 (106) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe larger, nearly as wide as the phallobase ( Fig. 26c ). Pyrenees ( Fig. 27 )..................................................................................... 38. emarginata Rey 1885

106 (105) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe smaller, much narrower than the phallobase ( Figs. 26 f–g )............. 107

107 (108) Pre-apical dorsal outline of aedeagal main piece in lateral view bearing a peculiar and clearly visible, small V-shaped incision ( Fig. 26f ). E Pyrenees ( Fig. 27 ).................................... 39. diazi Trizzino, Jäch & Ribera 2011

108 (107) Pre-apical dorsal side of aedeagal main piece in lateral view rounded, and without clearly visible small V-shaped incision ( Fig. 26g ). N Iberian System ( Fig. 27 ).............................. 40. fosterorum Trizzino, Jäch & Ribera 2011

109 (110) Species from Italy, excluding Carnian Alps ( Figs. 27 and 31 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 26d and 30c )......... 111

110 (109) Species from Central and E Europe, Carnian Alps included, N Balkans and Greece ( Figs. 27 and 31 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 26l–m and 30d )........................................................................ 113

111 (112) Aedeagal main piece longer (ranging around 575µm) but, in lateral view, distinctly narrower than in the following species ( Fig. 30c ). Elytral margins more widely flattened than in the following species ( Fig. 30a ). Central E Italy ( Fig. 31 )................................................................................... 47. samnitica Fiori 1904

112 (111) Aedeagal main piece shorter (ranging around 530µm) but, in lateral view, distinctly wider than in the preceding species ( Fig. 26d ). Elytral margins less widely flattened than in the preceding species ( Fig. 26a ). N Italy ( Fig. 27 )..................................................................................... 37. larissae Jäch & Díaz 2000

113 (114) Species from NE Greece (Pangaeon Mt.; fig. 31). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 30d ). Elytral margins more widely flattened than in the following two species (as in fig. 30a).................................... 48. pangaei Jäch 1992

114 (113) Species from Central and E Europe, including Carnian Alps, and N Balkans ( Fig. 27 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 26l–m ). Elytral margins less widely flattened than in the preceding species (as in fig. 26a)....................... 115

115 (116) Aedeagal apex in lateral view minutely but distinctly hook-shaped ( Fig. 26m ). Carnian Alps, Central Europe and N Balkans ( Fig. 27 )................................................................ 43. alpicola Pretner 1931

116 (115) Aedeagal apex in lateral view not at all hook-shaped ( Fig. 26l ). Central and E Europe, and N Balkans ( Fig. 27 )................................................................................... 42. saga d’Orchymont 1930

117 (118) Species from Austria, Friuli Venezia Giulia and Slovenia ( Fig. 39 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 38f ).......................................................................................... 66. muelleri Pretner 1931

118 (117) Species from Peninsular Italy (excluding Friuli Venezia Giulia) and Central E and SE France ( Fig. 49 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 48f–l )............................................................................. 119

119 (120) Distal half of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view abruptly enlarged ( Figs. 48f–g ). Species from Italian Peninsula and SE France ( Fig. 49 )............................................................................... 121

120 (119) Distal half of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view not enlarged and much narrower ( Figs. 48h–l ). Species from NW Italy and Central E France ( Fig. 49 )................................................................. 123

121 (122) Mesal portion of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view with two distinct gibbose projections (one ventral and one dorsal; fig. 48g). Pronotum distinctly wider than in the following species ( Fig. 48c ). Species from Tosco-Emiliano Apennine ( Fig. 49 )............................................................................ 86. plumipes Rey 1886

122 (121) Mesal portion of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view without distinct gibbose projections ( Fig. 48f ). Pronotum distinctly narrower than in the preceding species ( Fig. 48b ). Species from SE France and Italian Peninsula ( Fig. 49 )................................................................................... 85. heterogyna Bedel 1898

123 (124) Species from Central E France ( Fig. 49 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 48l )....... 88. producta Mulsant & Rey 1852

124 (123) Species from NW Italy ( Fig. 49 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 48h ).................. 87. discreta Ganglbauer 1904

125 (126) Species from Corsica and Sardinia ( Fig. 35 ). Male genitalia with both distal mobile lobe and associated flagellum peculiarly short and reduced ( Figs. 34c–e ). Body always reddish to orange-yellowish, even in not-teneral specimens..... 127

126 (125) Species outside Corsica and Sardinia. Male genitalia with much developed distal mobile lobe and/or associated flagellum. Body variably coloured........................................................................... 131

127 (128) Male protibiae more robust and with slightly more curved inner edges ( Fig. 34b ). Male metatibiae slightly more distinctly dilated in their distal half ( Fig. 34b ). Dorsal outline of the main piece of aedeagus in lateral view with very wide and much shallower arcuate emargination at distal third, and, a little more distad than the middle, only with a weak angulate projection ( Fig. 34d ). SW Sardinia ( Fig. 35 )........................... 58. rosannae Audisio, Trizzino & De Biase 2009

128 (127) Male protibiae weaker and with nearly straight inner edges ( Fig. 34a ). Male metatibiae slightly more weakly dilated in their distal half ( Fig. 34a ). Dorsal outline of the main piece of aedeagus in lateral view with deeper and widely U-shaped emargination at distal third, and, a little more distad than the middle, with a marked gibbose projection ( Figs. 34c, e ). Corsica, Central and northern Sardinia ( Fig. 35 )............................................................ 129

129 (130) Middle portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view thicker, 0.31–0.32 times as thick as the aedeagal main piece length, and dorsal outline with shallower and more widely U-shaped emargination at distal third ( Fig. 34e ). Corsica ( Fig. 35 )...................................................................... 59. evanescens Rey 1884

130 (129) Middle portion of the main piece of aedeagus in lateral view thinner, 0.25–0.26 times as thick as the aedeagal main piece length, and dorsal outline with deeper and more narrowly U-shaped emargination at distal third ( Fig. 34c ). Central and northern Sardinia ( Fig. 35 )....................................................... 57. tyrrhena Binaghi 1961

131 (132) Species from S Balkans ( Fig. 23 ). 3 or 4 aedeagal setae; male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 22d–f )................... 133

132 (131) Species outside S Balkans. 4 aedeagal setae............................................................ 137

133 (134) Apex of aedeagal main piece in lateral view not truncate, narrowly rounded; 4 aedeagal setae; flagellum hugely long and thin, minutely spiralized, and, when extended, exceeding several times the body length ( Fig. 22f ). Body always reddish to orange-yellowish, even in not-teneral specimens. W Greece and N Peloponnesus ( Fig. 23 )...... 29. epeirosi Ferro 1985

134 (133) Apex of aedeagal main piece in lateral view obliquely truncate; 3 aedeagal setae; flagellum much shorter than in the preceding species ( Figs. 22d–e ). Body dark brown to blackish at least in not-teneral specimens..................... 135

135 (136) Distal third of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view wider than in the following species; flagellum shorter ( Fig. 22d ; male genitalia peculiarly black). Albania, Montenegro, Macedonia, and Greece including N Peloponnesus ( Fig. 23 )............................................................................. 27. vedrasi d’Orchymont 1931

136 (135) Distal third of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view narrower than in the preceding species; flagellum longer ( Fig. 22e ; male genitalia brown). Peloponnesus ( Fig. 23 ).......................... 28. jaechiana ( Audisio & De Biase 1990)

137 (138) Species from mainliand Europe eastwards to Carpathian Mts. ( Fig. 39 )...................................... 139

138 (137) Species from circum-Pontic and Caucasian areas, and near East, including Greek E Ionian islands ( Figs. 15 , 17 , 19 and 21 )............................................................................................... 141

139 (140) Elytral margins more widely flattened than in the following species ( Fig. 38b ). Body entirely dark brown to blackish in in not-teneral specimens. Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 38e ). Venezia Giulia, and Istria ( Fig. 39 )............................................................................................ 65. czernohorskyi J. Müller 1911

140 (139) Elytral margins markedly narrower than in the preceding species ( Fig. 38a ). Body dark brown to blackish, with almost always reddish elytra even in not-teneral specimens. Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 38d ). Mainland Europe, eastwards to Carpathian Mts. ( Fig. 39 )........................................................... 64. truncata Rey 1885

141 (142) Species from Middle East ( Lebanon Mts.; fig. 19). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 18f–g )...................... 143

142 (141) Species from Turkey, Caucasian region, Iran and Greek E Ionian islands.................................... 145

143 (144) Ventral outline of the apical half of aedeagal main piece in lateral view showing a wide and deeper arcuate emargination ( Fig. 18f )...................................................... 20. berthelemyiana Jäch, Díaz & Dia 2006

144 (143) Ventral edge of the apical half of aedeagal main piece in lateral view showing a markedly shallower arcuate emargination ( Fig. 18g )............................................................ 21. orthosia Jäch, Díaz & Dia 2006

145 (146) Ratio maximum pronotal width/ posterior pronotal base width> 1.7 ( Fig. 18b ). Elytral margins peculiarly widely flattened and parallel-sided ( Fig. 18b ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 18e ). NW Iran (Fars region, Zagros Mts.; fig. 19)........................................................................... 19. hosseinieorum Bilton & Jäch 1998 146 (145) Ratio maximum pronotal width/ posterior pronotal base width <1.4 ( Figs. 14a , 16a–b , 18a and 20a ). Elytral margins much less widely flattened and parallel-sided than in preceding species ( Figs. 14a , 16a–b , 18a and 20a ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 14 b–d , 16c–h , 18d, h and 20b–e )............................................................... 147

147 (148) Aedeagal flagellum peculiarly reduced ( Figs. 20b–e ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 20b–e ). Species from Caucasian areas and Crimea ( Fig. 21 )......................................................................... 149

148 (147) Aedeagal flagellum much longer and developed. Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 14b–d , 16c–h and 18d, h ). Species from Turkey, Greek E Ionian islands and SW Caucasian areas ( Fig. 21 ).......................................... 155

149 (150) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe (around base of flagellum) wider and funnel-shaped ( Figs. 20d–e ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 20d–e ). Species from NW Caucasus ( Fig. 21 ).......................................... 151

150 (149) Distal portion of the aedeagal mobile lobe (around base of flagellum) much narrower and subcylindrical ( Figs. 20b–c ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 20b–c ). Species from Caucasus ( Fig. 21 ).................................... 153

151 (152) Proximal half of aedeagal main piece in lateral view more abruptly curved, with middle portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view markedly wider than in the following species ( Fig. 20e ). NW Caucasus (Novorossiysk area, SW Krasnodar region; fig. 21).................................................... 26. prokini Jäch & Díaz 2006

152 (151) Proximal half of aedeagal main piece in lateral view more widely curved, with middle portion of the main piece of the aedeagus in lateral view markedly narrower than in the following species ( Fig. 20d ). NW Caucasus (S Krasnodar region; fig. 21)............................................................ 25. krasnodarensis Jäch & Díaz 2006

153 (154) Mesotibial expansion and ist denticles and spines slightly less strongly developed than in the following species ( Fig. 20a ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 20b ). Most of Caucasian areas, excluding NW ( Fig. 21 ).... 23. planata Kiesnwetter 1849

154 (153) Mesotibial expansion and ist denticles and spines slightly more strongly developed than in the preceding species. Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 20c ). NW Caucasus (S Krasnodar region; fig. 21)........ 24. solodovnikovi Jäch & Díaz 2006

155 (156) Aedeagal main piece smaller (shorter than 400µm); male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 14b–d ). Body lenght <1.8 mm ( Fig. 14a ). Species from W Turkey and Lesbos Island ( Fig. 15 )................................................ 157

156 (155) Aedeagal main piece larger (longer than 480µm); male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 16c–h and 18d, h ). Body lenght> 1.8 mm ( Figs. 16a–b and 18a ). Species from Asiatic Turkey, Caucasian areas and NW Iran ( Figs. 17 and 19 )............... 161

157 (158) Species from Lesbos Island ( Fig. 15 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 14d ); distal portion of the aedeagal main piece narrower than in the two following species............................................ 11. gynaephila Jäch 1997

158 (157) Species from mainland W Turkey ( Fig. 15 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 14b–c ); distal portion of the aedeagal main piece wider than in the preceding species............................................................. 159

159 (160) Predistal portion of aedeagal main piece in lateral view with a more deeply arcuate emargination on ventral outline, and without marked incision on dorsal outline ( Fig. 14b ). NW Turkey (Istanbul and Bolu provinces; fig. 15)....................................................................................... 9. scitula d’Orchymont 1943

160 (159) Predistal portion of aedeagal main piece in lateral view with a less deeply arcuate emargination on ventral outline, and with a marked incision on dorsal outline ( Fig. 14c ). W Turkey (Izmir province; fig. 15)........... 10. magnessa Jäch 1997

161 (162) Elytral lateral outline distinctly more parallel-sided, even close to their distal apex ( Fig. 16b ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 16d–e ). Species from N Turkey (Central-W Portion of Pontic Chain; fig. 17)........................... 163

162 (161) Elytral lateral outline less parallel-sided, more convergent distally ( Figs. 16a and 18a ). Male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 16c, f–h and 18d, h ). Species from Asiatic Turkey, Caucasian areas and NW Iran ( Figs. 17 and 19 ).................... 165

163 (164) Dorsal outline of apical half of aedeagal main piece in lateral view more straight ( Fig. 16e ). Species from Bartin to Sinop provinces ( Fig. 17 ).................................................................. 14. sinope Jäch 1992

164 (163) Dorsal outline of apical half of aedeagal main piece in lateral view more sloping ( Fig. 16d ). Species from Bartin and Bolu provinces ( Fig. 17 )......................................................... 13. septemlacuum Jäch 1992

165 (166) Distal apex of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view peculiarly sickle-shaped; male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 16c ). NE Turkey and Georgia ( Fig. 17 ).................................................... 12. caucasica Kuwert 1888

166 (165) Distal apex of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view not sickle-shaped; male genitalia as figured ( Figs. 16f–h and 18d, h ). Asiatic Turkey and NW Iran ( Figs. 17 and 19 )......................................................... 167

167 (168) Ventral outline of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view peculiarly undulate ( Fig. 16h ). Body length <2.0 mm. S and SE Turkey ( Fig. 17 ).............................................................. 17. nilguenae (Jäch 1988)

168 (167) Ventral outline of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view more or less arcuate but not multi-undulate ( Figs. 16f–g and 18d, h ). Body length <2.0 mm. S and SE Turkey ( Fig. 17 )................................................... 169

169 (170) Distal apex of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view slightly bilobed ( Figs. 16f–g ). Species from W and E Asiatic Turkey ( Fig. 17 )........................................................................................ 171

170 (169) Distal apex of the aedeagal main piece in lateral view obtusely rounded, not bilobed ( Figs. 18d, h ). Species from NE and S Asiatic Turkey, and Iran ( Fig. 19 ).................................................................... 173

171 (172) Species from W Turkey (Bursa province; fig. 17). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 16f )... 15. plastica d’Orchymont 1943

172 (171) Species from E Turkey ( Fig. 17 ). Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 16g )................. 16. khnzoriani Janssens 1968

173 (174) Species from S and SE Turkey, and NW Iran ( Fig. 19 ). Aedeagal flagellum distinctly longer than in the following species. Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 18h ). Elytra more parallel-sided towards distal apex (nearly as in fig. 18c)....................................................................................... 22. fontiscarsavii (Jäch 1988)

174 (173) Species from NE Turkey ( Fig. 19 ). Aedeagal flagellum distinctly shorter than in the preceding species. Male genitalia as figured ( Fig. 18d ). Elytral sides more convergent towards distal apex ( Fig. 18a )............. 18. lazica Janssens 1963

Figures

FIGURES 10 a–n. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. schuleri (Slovenia, Zidanl) (a); H. subintegra (Greece, Evritania, Karpenissi) (b); H. carniolica (Italy, Veneto, Falzè di Piave) (c). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. schuleri (Slovenia, Zidanl) (d); H. subintegra (Greece, Evritania, Karpenissi) (e); H. aroensis (Peloponnesus, Kato Vlasia) (f); H. carniolica (Italy, Veneto, Falzè di Piave) (g). Female elytral terminations of: H. schuleri (Italy, Friuli, Cosizza river) (h); H. subintegra (Greece, Evritania, Karpenissi) (l); H. aroensis (Peloponnesus, Kato Vlasia) (m); H. carniolica (Italy, Veneto, Falzè di Piave) (n). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 10a–c); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 10d–g). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 11. Geographic distribution of: H. schuleri; H. subintegra; H. aroensis; H. carniolica.

FIGURES 12 a–m. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. iberica (Spain, Salamanca, Candelario) (a); H. lusitana (Portugal) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. iberica (Spain, Salamanca, Candelario) (c); H. altamirensis (From Díaz Pazos & Garrido Gonzalez 1993: Spain, Extremadura, Cáceres) (d); H. madronensis (From Castro et al. 2000: Spain, Castilla, Fuencaliente) (e); H. lusitana (Portugal) (f). Female elytral terminations of: H. iberica (Spain, Salamanca, Candelario) (g); H. altamirensis (Spain, Extremadura, Cáceres) (h); H. madronensis (Spain, Castilla, Fuencaliente) (l); H. lusitana (Portugal) (m). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 12a–b); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 12c–f). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 13. Geographic distribution of: H. iberica; H. altamirensis; H. madronensis; H. lusitana.

FIGURES 14 a–g. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. scitula (Turkey, Istanbul, Ağva) (a). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. scitula (Turkey, Istanbul, Ağva) (b); H. magnessa (Turkey, Izmir, Yamanlar) (c); H. gynaephila (Greece, Lesbos) (d). Female elytral terminations of: H. scitula (Turkey, Istanbul, Ağva) (e); H. magnessa (Turkey, Izmir, Yamanlar) (f); H. gynaephila (Greece, Lesbos) (g). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. 14a); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 14b–d). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 15. Geographic distribution of: H. scitula; H. magnessa; H. gynaephila.

FIGURES 16 a–q. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. caucasica (Turkey, Rize, Ikizdere) (a); H. septemlacuum (Turkey, Bolu, Yedigöller N. P.) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. caucasica (Turkey, Rize, Ikizdere) (c); H. septemlacuum (Turkey, Bolu, Yedigöller N. P.) (d); H. sinope (Turkey, Sinop, Dranaz pass) (e); H. plastica (Turkey, Bursa, Keschish dag) (f); H. khnzoriani (Turkey, Tatvan, Mutki) (g); H. nilguenae (Turkey, Adana, Gobelli) (h). Female elytral terminations of: H. caucasica (Turkey, Rize, Ikizdere) (l); H. septemlacuum (Turkey, Bolu, Yedigöller N. P.) (m); H. sinope (Turkey, Sinop, Dranaz pass) (n); H. plastica (Turkey, Bursa, Keschish dag) (o); H. khnzoriani (Turkey, Tatvan, Mutki) (p); H. nilguenae (Turkey, Adana, Saimbeyli) (q). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 16a–b); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 16c–h). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 17. Geographic distribution of: H. caucasica; H. septemlacuum; H. sinope; H. plastica; H. khnzoriani; H. nilguenae.

FIGURES 18 a–o. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. lazica (Turkey, Giresun, Kümbet) (a); H. hosseinieorum (Iran, Fars, N Dalin) (b); H. berthelemyana (From Jäch et al. 2006: Lebanon) (c). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. lazica (Turkey, Giresun, Kümbet) (d); H. hosseinieorum (Iran, Fars, N Dalin) (e); H. berthelemyana (From Jäch et al. 2006: Lebanon, Abou Ali) (f); H. orthosia (From Jäch et al. 2006: Lebanon, El Bared, Sir el Danniyeh) (g); H. fontiscarsavii (Turkey, Konya, 6 km E Kösere) (h). Female elytral terminations of: H. lazica (Turkey, Giresun, Kümbet) (l); H. hosseinieorum (Iran, Fars, N Dalin) (m); H. berthelemyana (Lebanon, Abou Ali) (n); H. orthosia (Lebanon, El Bared, Sir el Danniyeh) (o); H. fontiscarsavii (Turkey, Konya, 6 km E Kösere) (p). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 18a–c); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 18d–h). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 19. Geographic distribution of: H. lazica; H. hosseinieorum; H. berthelemyana; H. plastica; H. orthosia; H. fontiscarsavii.

FIGURES 20 a–l. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. planata (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Azerbaijan, Gäncä) (a). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. planata (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Azerbaijan, Gäncä) (b); H. solodovnikovi (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray, NE Dagomys) (c); H. krasnodarensis (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray, 13 km ENE Sotchi) (d); H. prokini (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray, Novorossiysk) (e). Female elytral terminations of: H. planata (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Azerbaijan, Gäncä) (f); H. solodovnikovi (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray, NE Dagomys) (g); H. krasnodarensis (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray, 13 km ENE Sotchi) (h); H. prokini (From Jäch & Díaz 2006: Russia, Krasnodarskiy Kray, Novorossiysk) (l). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 20a); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 20b–e). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 21. Geographic distribution of: H. planata; H. solodovnikovi; H. krasnodarensis; H. prokini.

FIGURES 22 a–l. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. vedrasi (Greece, Evritania, Karpenissi) (a); H. jaechiana (Peloponnesus, Tripoli, Daras) (b); H. epeirosi (Greece, Fthiotida, Gardiki) (c). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. vedrasi (From Audisio et al. 1996: Greece, Evritania, Karpenissi) (d); H. jaechiana (From Audisio et al. 1996: Peloponnesus, Tripoli, Daras) (e); H. epeirosi (From Audisio et al. 1996: Greece, Fthiotida, Gardiki) (f). Female elytral terminations of: H. vedrasi (Greece, Evritania, Anatholios-Fragista) (g); H. jaechiana (Peloponnesus, Tripoli, Castorio) (h); H. epeirosi (Greece, Etolia, Pentakorfos) (l). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 22a–c); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 22d–f). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 23. Geographic distribution of: H. vedrasi; H. jaechiana; H. epeirosi.

FIGURES 24 a–s. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. gracilis (Italy, Friuli, Cosizza river) (a); H. crepidoptera (Turkey, Sinop, W Yenikonak) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. gracilis (Austria, Niederösterreich) (c); H. gracilidelphis (Spain, Leon, Puerto de Panderrueda) (d); H. graciloides (Turkey, Bolu, Yödigoller N. P.) (e); H. elisabethae (From Jäch 1995a: Greece, Thassos) (f); H. anatolica (Turkey, Kastamonu, Küre Daglari) (g); H. nike (Greece, Samothraki) (h); H. crepidoptera (From Jäch 1995a: Turkey, Sinop, W Yenikonak) (l). Female elytral terminations of: H. gracilis (Italy, Friuli, Stregna) (m); H. gracilidelphis (Spain, Leon, Puerto de Panderrueda) (n); H. graciloides (Turkey, Bolu, Yödigoller N. P.) (o); H. elisabethae (Greece, Thassos) (p); H. anatolica (Turkey, Kastamonu, Küre Daglari) (q); H. nike (Greece, Samothraki) (r); H. crepidoptera (Turkey, Sinop, W Yenikonak) (s). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 24a–b); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 24c–l). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 25. Geographic distribution of: H. gracilis; H. gracilidelphis; H. graciloides; H. elisabethae; H. anatolica; H. nike; H. crepidoptera.

FIGURES 26 a–u. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. larissae (Italy, Piemonte, Oropa) (a); H. hispanica (Spain, Salamanca, Candelario) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. emarginata (Spain, Leon, Puerto S. Isidro) (c); H. larissae (Italy, Trentino, Grigno; Italy, Piemonte, Oropa) (d–e); H. diazi (Spain, Guipúzcoa, Oiartzun) (f); H. fosterorum (Spain, Burgos, Fresneda de la Sierra) (g); H. hispanica (Spain, Salamanca, Candelario) (h); H. saga (Bosnia, Visegrad) (l); H. alpicola (Slovenia, Valdekom) (m). Female elytral terminations of: H. emarginata (Spain, Leon, Puerto S. Isidro) (n); H. larissae (Italy, Trentino, Stava; Italy, Piemonte, Sagliano) (o–p); H. diazi (Spain, Guipúzcoa, Oiartzun) (q); H. fosterorum (Spain, Burgos, Fresneda de la Sierra) (r); H. hispanica (Spain, Leon, Valdo Prado) (s); H. saga (Slovakia, Muran) (t); H. alpicola (Austria, Scheibbs) (u). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 26a–b); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 26d–m). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 27. Geographic distribution of: H. larissae; H. emarginata; H. diazi; H. fosterorum; H. hispanica; H. saga; H. alpicola.

FIGURES 28 a–g. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. dalmatina (Montenegro, Staribar) (a). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. dalmatina (From Audisio et al. 1996: Montenegro, Staribar) (b); H. belgica (Austria, Stiria, Purgstall) (c); H. tarvisina (Italy, Veneto, Collalto) (d). Female elytral terminations of: H. dalmatina (Montenegro, Ljuta) (e); H. belgica (Austria, Stiria, Purgstall) (f); H. tarvisina (Italy, Veneto, Collalto) (g). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. 28a); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 28b–d). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 29. Geographic distribution of: H. dalmatina; H. belgica; H. tarvisina.

FIGURES 30 a–h. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. samnitica (Italy, Abruzzo, Orfento river) (a); H. pelops (Greece, Peloponnesus, Vasiliki—Gorani) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. samnitica (Italy, Abruzzo, Pietracamela) (c); H. pangaei (From Audisio et al. 1996: Greece, Kavala, Pangaeon Mt.) (d); H. pelops (Greece, Peloponnesus, Vasiliki—Gorani) (e). Female elytral terminations of: H. samnitica (Italy, Abruzzo, Pietracamela) (f); H. pangaei (Greece, Kavala, Pangaeon Mt.) (g). Female habitus in dorsal view of H. pelops (Greece, Peloponnesus, Vasiliki—Gorani) (h). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 30a,b,h); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 30c–e). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 31. Geographic distribution of: H. samnitica; H. pangaei; H. pelops.

FIGURES 32 a–r. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. akbesiana (Turkey, Adana, Yarpuz) (a). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. excisa (Austria, Donnerskirchen) (b); H. akbesiana (From Audisio et al. 1993: Turkey, Adana, Yarpuz) (c); H. integra (From Audisio et al. 1996: Turkey, Artvin, Borçka) (d); H. cata (From Audisio et al. 1996: Turkey, Çanakkale) (e); H. phallica (From Audisio et al. 1996: Greece, Etolia, Pentakorfos) (f); H. christinae (From Audisio et al. 1996: Greece, Peloponnesus, Kato Vlasia) (g); H. exasperata (Spain, Castilla, Alcaraz) (h). Female elytral terminations of: H. excisa (Rumania, Ilba) (l); H. integra (Turkey, Istanbul, NE Teke) (m); H. akbesiana (Complete Female habitus: Turkey, Adana, Çatak) (n); H. cata (Turkey, Mugla, Kale) (o); H. phallica (Greece, Evritania, Karpenissi) (p); H. christinae (Greece, Peloponnesus, Kato Vlasia) (q); H. exasperata (Spain, Leon, Pedrosa del Rey) (r). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 32a,n); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 32b–h). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 33. Geographic distribution of: H. excisa; H. akbesiana; H. integra; H. cata; H. phallica; H. christinae; H. exasperata.

FIGURES 34 a–h. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. tyrrhena (Sardinia, Desulo, Aratu river) (a); H. rosannae (Sardinia, Villacidro, Cannisoni river) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. tyrrhena (Sardinia, Desulo, Aratu river) (c); H. rosannae (From Audisio et al. 2009: Sardinia, Villacidro, Cannisoni river) (d); H. evanescens (Corsica, Vizzavona) (e). Female elytral terminations of: H. tyrrhena (Sardinia, Desulo, Aratu river) (f); H. rosannae (Sardinia, Villacidro, Cannisoni river) (g); H. evanescens (Corsica, Golo river) (h). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. 34a–b); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 34c–e). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 35. Geographic distribution of: H. tyrrhena; H. rosannae; H. evanescens.

FIGURES 36 a–m. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. decolor (Italy, Liguria, Pigna) (a); H. solarii (Italy, Lucania, Tito) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. decolor (From Audisio & De Biase 1995: Italy, Liguria, Pigna) (c); H. occitana (From Audisio & De Biase 1995: Italy, Liguria, Lavagna stream) (d); H. bononiensis (From Audisio & De Biase 1995: Italy, Emilia Romagna, Sestola) (e); H. solarii (From Audisio & De Biase 1995: Italy, Lucania, Tito) (f). Female elytral terminations of: H. decolor (Italy, Liguria, Verdeggia) (g); H. occitana (Italy, Emilia, Cerignale) (h); H. bononiensis (Italy, Toscana, Piancaldoli) (l); H. solarii (Italy, Latium, Arsoli) (m). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 36a–b); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 36c–f). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 37. Geographic distribution of: H. decolor; H. occitana; H. bononiensis; H. solarii.

FIGURES 38 a–l. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. truncata (Italy, Campania, Avellino) (a); H. czernohorskyi (Italy, Friuli, Bagnoli di Rosandra) (b); H. muelleri (Italy, Friuli, Stregna) (c). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. truncata (Italy, Campania, Avellino) (d); H. czernohorskyi (Italy, Friuli, Bagnoli di Rosandra) (e); H. muelleri (Italy, Friuli, Stregna) (f). Female elytral terminations of: H. truncata (Italy, Abruzzo, Salinello) (g); H. czernohorskyi (Italy, Friuli, Bagnoli di Rosandra) (h); H. muelleri (Italy, Friuli, Pulfero) (l). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 38a–c); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 38d–f). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 39. Geographic distribution of: H. truncata; H. czernohorskyi; H. muelleri.

FIGURES 40 a–m. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. devillei (Italy, Latium, Tolfa) (a); H. lapidicola (Italy, Piemonte, Ala di Stura) (b). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. devillei (Italy, Latium, S. Vittorino) (c); H. devincta (Italy, Veneto, Collalto) (d); H. lapidicola (From Audisio & De Biase 1995: Italy, Liguria, Colle del Melogno) (e); H. sanfilippoi (From Audisio & De Biase 1995: Italy, Liguria, Fiorino) (f). Female elytral terminations of: H. devillei (Italy, Toscana, Vivo d’Orcia) (g); H. devincta (Italy, Friuli, Attimis) (h); H. lapidicola (Italy, Trentino, Bieno) (l); H. sanfilippoi (Italy, Liguria, Fiorino) (m). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 40a–b); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 40c–f). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 41. Geographic distribution of: H. devillei; H. devincta; H. lapidicola; H. sanfilippoi.

FIGURES 42 a–g. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. bosnica (Bosnia, Sarajevo) (a). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. bosnica (From Audisio et al. 1996: Bosnia, Sarajevo) (b); H. hungarica (Ukraine, Gyertyánliget) (c); H. leonhardi (From Audisio et al. 1996: Greece, Rodopi, Dipotama) (d). Female elytral terminations of: H. bosnica (Bosnia, Budmolici) (e); H. hungarica (Ukraine, Gyertyánliget) (f); H. leonhardi (Greece, Rodopi, Dipotama) (g). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. 42a); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 42b–d). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 43. Geographic distribution of: H. bosnica; H. hungarica; H. leonhardi.

FIGURES 44 a–p. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. tatii (Spain, Andalusia, Sierra de Cazorle) (a); H. monstruosipes (Spain, León, Campo del Agua) (b); H. zezerensis (Portugal, Serra da Estrela, Zezere river) (c). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. tatii (From Sainz-Cantero & Alba-Tercerdor 1989: Spain, Andalusia, Sierra de Cazorla) (d); H. manfredjaechi (Spain, Andalusia, Jàen) (e); H. gaditana (Spain, Andalusia, Bocaleones) (f); H. monstruosipes (Spain, Galicia, Cabana Vella) (g); H. zezerensis (From Díaz & Bilton 1995: Portugal, Serra da Estrela, Zezere river) (h). Female elytral terminations of: H. tatii (Spain, Andalusia, Viboras) (l); H. manfredjaechi (Spain, Andalusia, Jàen) (m); H. gaditana (Spain, Andalusia, Bocaleones) (n); H. monstruosipes (Spain, León, Campo del Agua) (o); H. zezerensis (Portugal, Serra da Estrela, Zezere river) (p). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 44a–c); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 44d–h). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 45. Geographic distribution of: H. tatii; H. manfredjaechi; H. gaditana; H. monstruosipes; H. zezerensis.

FIGURES 46 a–p. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. bensae (Italy, Liguria, Nava) (a); H. polita (France, Provence, Vence) (b); H. bicuspidata (France, Rhône, St. Romain en Giers) (c). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. bensae (France, Provence, La Bolléne) (d); H. polita (Austria, Tyrol, Steinach) (e); H. bicuspidata (France, Rhône, St. Romain en Giers) (f); H. bitruncata (From Fresneda et al. 1994: France, Languedoc, La Preste) (g); H. catalonica (Spain, Catalonia, El Burgassos) (h). Female elytral terminations of: H. bensae (Italy, Liguria, Nervia river) (l); H. polita (Austria, Tyrol, Steinach) (m); H. bicuspidata (France, Rhône, St. Romain en Giers) (n); H. bitruncata (Spain, Catalonia, Gerona) (o); H. catalonica (Spain, Catalonia, El Burgassos) (p). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 46a–c); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 46d–h). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 47. Geographic distribution of: H. bensae; H. polita; H. bicuspidata; H. bitruncata; H. catalonica.

FIGURES 48 a–s. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. dentipes (Italy, Trentino, Bieno) (a); H. heterogyna (Italy, Toscana, Pescina) (b); H. plumipes (Italy, Toscana, Pracchia) (c); H. discreta (Italy, Liguria, Amborzasco) (d). Aedeagi in right side view of: H. dentipes (Italy, Trentino, Bieno) (e); H. heterogyna (From Audisio & De Biase 1995: Italy, Lombardia, Stazzona) (f); H. plumipes (Italy, Toscana, Piancaldoli) (g); H. discreta (Italy, Emilia, Groppallo) (h); H. producta (France, Languedoc, Aude) (l). Female elytral terminations of: H. dentipes (Italy, Lombardia, Dazio) (m); H. heterogyna (Italy, Toscana, Orsigna; Italy, Lucania, Tito; Italy, Liguria, Fiorino) (n,o,p); H. plumipes (Italy, Toscana, Pratomagno) (q); H. discreta (Italy, Liguria, Amborzasco) (r); H. producta (France) (s). Scale bar = 1 mm (Figs. 48a–d); = 0.25 mm (Figs. 48e–l). Female elytral terminations not scaled.

FIGURE 49. Geographic distribution of: H. dentipes; H. heterogyna; H. plumipes; H. discreta; H. producta.

FIGURES 50 a–b. Male habitus in dorsal view of: H. sappho (Holotype: Greece, Lefkas) (a). Aedeagus in right side view of: H. sappho (Holotype: Greece, Lefkas—aedeagus probably damaged) (b). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. 50a); = 0.25 mm (Fig. 50b).