Moinidae Goulden, 1968

Xiang, Xian-Fen, Ji, Gao-Hua, Chen, Shou-Zhong, Yu, Gong-Liang, Xu, Lei, Han, Bo-Ping, Kotov, Alexey A. & Dumont, Henri J., 2015, Annotated Checklist of Chinese Cladocera (Crustacea: Branchiopoda). Part I. Haplopoda, Ctenopoda, Onychopoda and Anomopoda (families Daphniidae, Moinidae, Bosminidae, Ilyocryptidae), Zootaxa 3904 (1), pp. 1-27 : 15-17

Family Moinidae Goulden, 1968

Moina affinis Birge, 1893 . Records: Zheng, 1957: 25/I: 9 (Nanjing); cited by Chiang & Du, 1979: 157–159/105; Xiang & Yu (unpubl. data: Chenglingji section of Yangtze River; Jialing Jiang and Xinyunliang He; Bao’an Hu, Dong Hu in Wuhan and Tai Hu). Moina irrasa Brehm, 1937 , Goulden (1968) synonymized it with M. affinis , and recorded in China by Chiang, 1963b: 255–257/4–10 (a ditch at Yuantong Park in Kunming); Du et al., 1964: 409/ 1–2 (Shanghai); Chiang & Du, 1979: 159–160/106 (provinces of Yunnan, Shanghai and Hubei (Huangmei County)); Zhang et al., 1994: 178 (Jiujiang, Jingdezhen, Wuyuan, Boyang and Wan'an in Jiangxi Province); Shu et al., 2013: 206 (Potatso National Park in Shangri-La). But in the description by Chiang (1963b) and Chiang & Du (1979), the ephippium contains two eggs, which excludes M. affinis . Thus, Chinese “ M. irrasa ” may be yet another Exomoina. Not common, but can be dominant where it is found.

Moina brachiata (Jurine, 1820) . Records: Uéno, 1932: 238 (Xi Hu in Hangzhou); Chiang & Du, 1979: 151–152/ 100 (Hangzhou; Chongqing), the description is correct, but the figures copied from foreign authors are wrong; Chen, 1983: 23 (Wanxian section of Yangtze River); Xiang & Yu (unpubl. data: Wanzhou section of Yangtze River). Records of Moina rectirostris (Leydig, 1860) correspond to the real M. brachiata in China which is common: Uéno, 1940b: 552 (Hulun Hu); Zhang & Yi, 1945: 3 (Dian Chi); Chiang, 1963b: 56/III: 14–18 (Qinghai Hu); Shen & Sung, 1964: 62 (Lang Hu, Dingjie Hu, Tibet); Chiang & Du, 1979: 149–151/99 (ditchs along the estuary of Dalama He in Qinghai Province); Zhang & Chen, 1996b: 22 (Xiaoxian and Lujiang in Anhui Province). Xiang & Yu (unpubl. data: Yibin, Chongqing, Zigui, Jingzhou, Jiayu and Ezhou section of Yangtze River; Tuo Jiang and Han Jiang; Dian Chi, Tai Hu and Qiandao Hu).

Moina chankensis Uéno, 1939 . Records: Uéno, 1939: 224/8–14 (Xingkai Hu); Uéno, 1940b: 552 (Xingkai Hu); cited by Chiang & Du, 1979: 155–156/103. Xingkai Hu is shared between Russia and China, and the species was originally believed to be endemic to that lake. Recently, Xiang & Yu found it common in the lakes in the middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River (unpubl. data). Mahar (2008) recorded it in fishponds in Jamshoro Sindh, Pakistan, but this record is dubious because of an uncertain distinction between M. micrura and M. chankensis . This species needs to be revised.

Moina micrura Kurz, 1874 . Records: Chiang, 1955: 103/II: 13 (Wuli Hu); Ye, 1956: 48/I (Dongqian Hu); Du & Lai, 1958: 35 (Tai Hu); Chiang & Du, 1979: 152–153/101 (Wuli Hu; ditchs at Wuzhou in Guangxi); Chen, 1983: 23 (Zhongxian, Wanxian and Yichang section of Yangtze River); Chen, 1985b: 2 (Yichang); Chen & Hu, 1988: 32 (Xinjiang); Chen, 1990b: 86 (the estuary of Tuo Jiang); Dai & Cai, 1999: 21 (Jinghong, Menghai, Mengla and Menglun in Xishuangbanna); Xiang & Yu (unpubl. data: Luzhou, Hejiang, Chongqing, Fuling, Zhongxian, Wanzhou, Zigui, Yichang, Zhicheng, Zhijiang, Jingzhou, Shishou, Jianli, Chenglingji, Honghu, Jiayu, Wuhan, Ezhou, Huangshi, Jiujiang, Hukou, Anqing, Tongling, Wuhu, Maanshan, Nanjing, Zhenjiang and Nantong section of Yangtze River; Min Jiang, Tuo Jiang, Chishui He, Jialing Jiang, Huangbai He, Qing Jiang, Dongjing He and Han Jiang; Lushui Reservoir; Bao’an Hu, Dong Hu in Wuhan, Hong Hu, Poyang Hu, Dian Chi, Tai Hu, Biandan Tang, Wuli Hu, Tian’e Hu in Inner Mongolia, Qiandao Hu and Dongqian Hu); under Moina dubia de Guerne et Richard, by Uéno, 1938e: 5/11–12 (small lakes in northeast China); Uéno, 1940a: 345/76–81 (ditches and pools at Muchengtang in Guangdong Province; Datong Park in Changchun); Uéno, 1940b: 552 (Hulun Hu); Mashiko, 1951a: 27 (Hankou), 29 (Kantang Hu and Nanmen Hu in Jiujiang); Mashiko, 1951b: 137 (Hankou; Dongting Hu); You, 1962: 117 (Fuzhou, Minhou, Changle, Xiamen, Zhangpu, Pingtan, Lianjiang and Jinjiang in Fujian Province); Shen & Zhang, 1964: 129 (Baiyang Dian). The existence of multiple cryptic taxa within " M. micrura " (with type locality in Bohemia, Central Europe) has been established by genetic studies ( Petrusek et al. 2004), but so far without nomenclatural consequences.

Moina weismanni Ishikawa, 1896 . Records: Uéno, 1927: 284/XXV: 14, 14a–b, XXVI: 14c–f (Beijing); Uéno, 1933 (Shenyang and Kirin (namely Jilin Province)); cited by Chiang & Du, 1979: 156–157/104 (Beijing); Shu et al., 2013: 206 (Potatso National Park in Shangri-La). As Moina brevicornis by Sars, 1903: 10/I: 3a–3b (found in aquaria prepared with mud from China, might be from Pucheng in Fujian Province).

Moina salina Daday, 1888 . Records: under Moina mongolica Daday, 1901 by He, 1987: the Yellow River; He et al., 1988: 9–14/1–2 (salt lakes and pools in southern Shanxi Province; Yinchuan); He et al., 1989: (Xiao Chi and Yan Chi in Yuncheng, pools and ponds in Yinchuan); He et al., 1993: (Xiao Chi in Yuncheng); He et al., 1995: (Beimen Tan in Yuncheng); Zhao et al., 1996: (Caiwopu Hu in Urumqi; Biemen Tan; Xiao Chi; Yan Chi in Yuncheng; Aibi Hu in Jinghe); Zhao et al., 1998: (Yan Chi in Yuncheng); Zhao et al., 2004: (Zagstai Nor in Xilingol); Huo et al., 2005: 248 (Dager Nor and Zagstai Nor in Xilingol, Inner Mongolia); Zhao et al., 2008: (Shanxi, Xinjiang (Chaiwopu Hu and Ebinur Hu), Inner Mongolia (Huangqi Hai and Zhagesitaizhuoer Hu). Goulden (1968) regarded Moina mongolica as a valid taxon, while Negrea (1984) redescribed M. salina and concluded that M. mongolica is its junior synonym. It appears to be the only continental halophilic species in the Old World, and its distribution in China is shown in Figure 1 .

Exomoina geei ( Brehm, 1933) . Records: under Moina geei by Brehm, 1933: 682 (Beijing); Uéno, 1935a: 214/3 (Shanghai); Chiang & Du, 1979: 160/107 (Shanghai; Beijing). Rare, possibly endemic; a detailed redescription is needed to confirm this status. Hudec (2010) established a new genus Exomoina to contain Moina species with two eggs in the ephippium. In China, two species are allocated to this genus, M. geei and M. macrocopa .

Exomoina macrocopa (Straus, 1820) . Records: as Moina macrocopa by Spandl, 1925: 188 (Guangdong Province); Uéno, 1933 (Mukden (viz Shenyang)); Uéno, 1937: 204 (a contaminated reservoir at Harbin; contaminated pools at Pei-an; pools at Chen-ching; Wu-cha-kou and Qiqihar); Mashiko, 1953: 59/4m-o (small ponds in Wuhan); Chiang, 1955: 103/14, 14a–b (Wuli Hu); Du & Lai, 1958: 34/IV: 8, 8a–d (Tai Hu); Du & Lai, 1959: 305 (Tai Hu); You, 1962: 117 (Xi Hu at Fuzhou in Fujian Province); Shen & Sung, 1964: 62 (a pool at Langkazi in Tibet); Shen & Zhang, 1964: 129 (Baiyang Dian); Chiang & Du, 1979: 153–155/102 (a fish pond at Dalai County in Jilin); Chen, 1983: 23 (Chongqing, Fuling, Zhongxian and Yichang section of Yangtze River); Chen, 1985b: 2 (Yichang); Chen et al., 1989: 417 (Yanhe, Yinjiang and Tongren in Guizhou Province); Zhang et al., 1994: 178 (Jiujiang, Jingdezhen, Boyang, Nanchang, Zhangshu, Ji'an, Yudu and Ganzhou in Jiangxi Province); Zhang & Chen, 1996b: 22 (Woyang in Anhui Province). Xiang & Yu (unpubl. data: Chongqing, Fuling, Zhongxian, Badong, Yichang, Zhicheng, Jingzhou, Shishou, Jianli, Chenglingji, Jiayu and Wuhan section of Yangtze River; Tuo Jiang, Chishui He, Xinyunliang He; Han Jiang and Yuan Shui; Tai Hu, Qiandao Hu and Wuli Hu). Common, almost certainly a species complex.

Moinodaphnia macleayii (King, 1853) . Records: Chiang, 1963b: 257/11 (a pool at Jiedaokou in Wuchang; a puddle at Jiujiang; Guangdong Province); Chiang & Du, 1979: 161–162/108 (Hubei Province; Jiading in Shanghai); Dai & Cai, 1999: 21 (Yunjinghong in Xishuangbanna). A polluted pool near Sanya, Hainan Island, June 2012 (leg. H. J Dumont). Not common, a full description of Chinese populations is still lacking.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Distribution of marine cladocerans and Moina salina in China.