Xixuthrus microcerus ( White, 1853 )

Jin, Mengjie, Keyzer, Roger De, Hutchinson, Paul, Pang, Hong & Ślipiński, Adam, 2020, A Review Of The Australian Macrotomini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae), Annales Zoologici 70 (1), pp. 33-96 : 75-76

Xixuthrus microcerus ( White, 1853)

( Figs. 13 J–M, 15C , 15R , 18C )

Macrotoma microcera White, 1853: 40 . TL: Java. Holoype in BNHM (examined).

Xixuthrus nycticorax Thomson, 1877b: 154 . Marazzi et al. 2006. TL: Australia. Holotype in MNHN (examined).

Xixuthrus microcerus nycticorax: Lameere, 1912:156 ; Lameere, 1919: 172; McKeown, 1947: 12.

Diagnosis. The Australian species can be easily separated from other Australian Prioninae in having entire body setose, the protibia with single spur apically and with random spines not arranged in rows.

Types. Macrotoma microcera White , Holotype male in BNHM ( BNHM-010799863 ), with the following labels “ M. microcera , n.s., Java | Macrotoma microcera White Type | 49-5”.

Xixuthrus nycticorax Thomson , Holotype male in MNHN, with the following labels “nycticorax, Type, An. Fr. 1877, Bull. 226, Thoms., Austral. | Th. TYPE”.

Material examined ( Fig. 18C ). Queensland: ANIC (19 ♂♂; 18 ♀♀): 11: Kuranda , 19 Butler Dr., {from Dec. 2001 to Mar. 2018}, D.C.F. Rentz ; 2: Cape York, May 2015, A. Zwick ; 2: Cardstone , Jan. 1972, P. Zborowski ; 2: Gordonvale , Nov. 1990, R. Hardie ; 2: Mission Beach , Nov. 1976, G. O’Reilly ; 2: Polly Ck., Garradunga , Oct. 2013, J. Hasenpusch ; 2: Shiptons Flat , Oct. 1980, T. Weir ; Cairns , Dec. 1950, G.S .; Clump Point , Dec. 1949, J.O. Campbell ; Cooktown , Jun. 1970, Le Souef ; Edge Hill, Cairns , Jan. 1973, P. Winfield and J.G. Brooks ; Gillies Rd. , 6mi. From Gordonvale, Dec. 1968, S. Misko ; Julatten , Dec. 1999, B.P. Moore ; Julatten , Jan. 1993, B.P. Moore ; Little mulgrave valley, Nov. 1969, R. Parrot ; Lync-Haven, Daintree area , Dec. 2012, [ QM / ANIC] ; Mission Beach , May 1993, G. O’Reilly ; Palmerston Nat. Pk. , Dec. 1967, R. Dobson ; Pilgrim Sands , Feb. 1998, E.D. Edwards and R. Oberprieler ; Polly Ck., Garradunga , Nov. 2010, J. Hasenpusch ; Townsville , Jan. - Dec. 1970, C. Breuer ; MV (5 ♂♂; 4 ♀♀): 3: Innisfail , Nov. 2009, L.J. Cookson ; Atherton , Dec. 1910 ; 5: north Queensland; QM (8 ♂♂; 3 ♀♀): 2: Bloomfield Riv. , Nov. 1965, G. Monteith ; 2: Iron Range, Cape York Pen. , Nov. 1965, G. Monteith ; 4 km SW of road junct., West Claudie Riv. , Nov. 1986, G. Daniels and M.A. Schneider ; Cairns , Dec. 1966, B. Cantrell ; Iron Range, Cape York Pen. , Dec. 1995, S.J. Johnson ; Iron Range, Cape York Pen. , Dec. 1996, S.J. Johnson ; Iron Range, Cape York Pen. , May 1968, G. Monteith ; Mossman , Dec. 1966, B. Cantrell ; Tron Range , Oct. 1991, J. Hasenpusch .

Molecular data. BioSample ID: SAMN11080883.

Remarks. X. microcerus was originally described from Java but is widely distributed in the Australo- Pacific region and the taxonomic statuses of many isular populations have always been problematic. While treating the region Lameere (1912, 1919) recognised 5 allopatric sub-species X. microcerus , and further three separate species as X. heros ( Fiji) , X. ganglbaueri ( Fiji) and X. costatus ( Papua New Guinea). Marazzi et al. (2006) and Titarenko and Zubov (2018) reinstated many subspecies and local populations as valid species, but these actions cannot be assessed without molecular data that is currently not available. However, examination of the types revealed no major morphological differences between Macrotoma microcera White, 1853 and Xixuthrus nycticorax Thomson, 1877 , and following Lameere (1912, 1919) we recognise only single species, Xixuthrus microcerus in the Australian fauna. We generated a complete mitochondrial genome sequences for the Australian specimen, but without sequences from other taxa/populations to compare with, no further conclusion can be made here.

Figures

Figure 13. A–C: Pseudoplites hamali (Lameere); D–F:Teispes insularis (Hope); G–I: Utra nitida Jordan; J–M: Xixuthrus microcerus (White). A, D, G, K: male, dorsal; B, E, H: male, ventral; C, F, I, L: female, dorsal; J: apex of protibia, arrow indicate the single spur; M: head, dorso–lateral, arrow indicates not emarginate eye near antennal insertion.

Figure 15. A–C: male genitalia, each figure from left to right: tegmen (ventral), tegmen (lateral), penis (ventral). A: Teispes insularis (Hope); B: Utra nitida Jordan; C: Xixuthrus microcerus (White). D–R: ovipositor. D: Agrianome spinicollis (Macleay); E: Analophus parallelus Waterhouse; F: Anomophysis coxalis (Gahan); G: Archetypus marginatus sp. nov.; H: Brephilydia jejuna (Pascoe); I: Cnemoplites edulis Newman; J: Cryptipus frenchi (Blackburn); K: Eurynassa servillei Thomson; L: Geoffmonteithia queenslanda Jin, de Keyzer et Ślipiński; M: Hagrides princeps (Gahan); N: Hermerius impar Newman; O: Pseudoplites hamali (Lameere); P: Teispes insularis (Hope); R: Utra nitida Jordan; R: Xixuthrus microcerus (White).

Figure 18. Distribution maps based on specimens examined.