Eurytomidae, Illiger, 1807

Delvare, G., Escolà, A. Ribes, Stojanova, A. M., Benoit, L., Lecomte, J. & Askew, R. R., 2019, Exploring insect biodiversity: the parasitic Hymenoptera, chiefly Chalcidoidea, associated with seeds of asphodels (Xanthorrhoeaceae), with the description of nine new species belonging to Eurytomidae and Torymidae, Zootaxa 4597 (1), pp. 1-90 : 22-23

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4597.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:F8FD30CA-1B84-4134-91BC-B69736DB0EA8
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED8793-FFEC-3B14-D9F0-A396E7A6FC13
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Eurytomidae
status

Treatment

Key to Eurytomidae View in CoL View at ENA associated with Asphodelus and Asphodeline in Europe

1 Both sexes. Genal carina present, distinctly raised and with admarginal groove ( Figs 22 View FIGURES 22 B–C, 25B)..................... 2

- Both sexes. Genal carina absent or indicated immediately above mouth only by a sharp edge ( Figs 10C View FIGURES 10 , 20A View FIGURES 20 ) Bruchophagus View in CoL 6

2 Both sexes. Metatibia with 2 or 3 long spine-like setae on dorsal edge ( Fig. 25G View FIGURES 25 ); back of head without postgenal lamina. Mesepisternum without delimited ventral shelf, its anterior outline straight. Females. GT5 quite large, almost covering penultimate tergite ( Fig. 25G View FIGURES 25 ). Male. Funicle 4-segmented, the segments separated by pale petioles; associated with Asphodelus in the Mediterranean region............................................................ Eurytoma pistaciae Rondani View in CoL

- Both sexes. Metatibia without such unusually large setae; back of head with postgenal lamina ( Figs 22B View FIGURES 22 , 28B View FIGURES 28 ), visible in lateral view ( Fig. 25B View FIGURES 25 ). Mesepisternum with an elbowed anterior outline, a true ventral shelf being present ( Figs 22D View FIGURES 22 , 24 View FIGURE 24 , 26 View FIGURE 26 ). Male. Funicle 5-segmented ( Figs 22G View FIGURES 22 , 25E View FIGURES 25 , 27F View FIGURES 27 )................................................................. 3

3(2) Female. Gaster subpetiolate, the petiole wider than long and with a mediodorsal tooth (as in Fig. 20D View FIGURES 20 ). Both sexes. Interantennal space not projecting ( Fig. 22A View FIGURES 22 ). Procoxa with anterior outer margin not laminate ( Fig. 22F View FIGURES 22 ). Male. Scape with evident swelling occupying more than half of anterior margin ( Figs 22G View FIGURES 22 , 25E View FIGURES 25 )................................... Eurytoma View in CoL 4

- Female. Gaster evidently petiolate, the petiole 1.5× as long as wide on dorsal surface ( Figs 28A, E View FIGURES 28 ). Interantennal space projecting. Both sexes. Procoxa with outer margin of anterior depression laminate ( Fig. 27E View FIGURES 27 ) and strongly curved forwards ( Fig. 26 View FIGURE 26 ). Male. Scape with small, almost vestigial, swelling ( Fig. 27F View FIGURES 27 )...................................... Aximopsis View in CoL 5

4(3) Both sexes. Mesocutellum with broad base, the axillar grooves almost coincident with the posterior ends of notauli and in dorsal view not longer than anterior margin of mesoscutellum ( Fig. 25D View FIGURES 25 ). Gena with a roughly triangular area of fine reticulate sculpture, without coarse piliferous punctures behind malar groove beneath eye ( Fig. 25B View FIGURES 25 ). Associated with Asphodeline lutea .................................................................. Eurytoma genale Askew & Stojanova sp. n.

- Both sexes. Mesocutellum with narrower base, the axillar grooves converging anteriorly to approach mesoscutum well mesad of posterior ends of notauli, in dorsal view longer than anterior margin of mesoscutellum. Gena with coarse piliferous puncturation extending to malar sulcus and almost to eye ( Fig. 22C View FIGURES 22 ). Associated with A. albus , A. cerasiferus and A. ramosus ................................................................................... Eurytoma asphodeli Hedqvist View in CoL

5(3) Female. Gaster shorter, 1.55–1.7× as long as high ( Fig. 28A View FIGURES 28 ). Both sexes. Widely distributed continental species; associated with A. albus , A. cerasiferus and A. ramosus , also with Diplolepis View in CoL galls on Rosa View in CoL spp........... Aximopsis collina (Zerova)

- Female. Gaster longer, 1.9–2× as long as high ( Fig. 26 View FIGURE 26 ). Both sexes. On Mediterranean islands only (Mallorca, Corse and Sicilia). As far as is known associated with A. ramosus only.......................... Aximopsis balajasi Delvare sp. n.

6(1) Both sexes. Small species, less than 2.5mm in length ( Figs 17 View FIGURE 17 , 19 View FIGURE 19 ). Puncturation of mesoscutellum quite superficial, the large punctures with coriaceous interspaces ( Figs 18E View FIGURES 18 , 20C View FIGURES 20 ) giving the mesoscutum a dull appearance. Anterior outline of mesepisternum convex ( Figs 17 View FIGURE 17 , 19 View FIGURE 19 ). Male. Funicle and clava respectively 4- and 3-segmented, the clava always compact ( Figs 18H View FIGURES 18 , 21H View FIGURES 21 ). Associated with A. fistulosus ....................................................................... 7

- Both sexes. Larger species usually at least 3mm in length ( Figs 1 View FIGURE 1 , 11 View FIGURE 11 , 13 View FIGURE 13 , 15 View FIGURE 15 ). Puncturation of mesoscutellum moderately to strongly raised and dense, with interspaces narrow, not coriaceous, at least on mid lobe of mesoscutum ( Figs 10F View FIGURES 10 , 12F View FIGURES 12 , 14B View FIGURES 14 ). Male. Funicle 5- or 6-segmented, the last claval segment being sometimes shortly pedunculate ( Figs 10I View FIGURES 10 , 12L View FIGURES 12 , 16G View FIGURES 16 ). Associated with asphodels other than A. fistulosus ................................................................. 8

7(1) Both sexes. Fore wing with setation almost always white, but when setation is dark towards apex of wing then at least setae behind marginal vein are white ( Fig. 21G View FIGURES 21 ). Female. Clava effectively 2-segmented, the penultimate segment being fused with the terminal one (C1+C2+3) ( Figs 21 View FIGURES 21 C–D). Both sexes. Puncturation of mesonotum on average finer and smaller than in the alternate ( Fig. 21E View FIGURES 21 )...................................................... Bruchophagus lecomtei Delvare sp. n.

- Both sexes. Fore wing with setation generally completely dark ( Fig. 18G View FIGURES 18 ), but rarely, when white at base of wing, the setae behind marginal vein are dark. Female. Clava 3-segmented with a true suture between penultimate and terminal claval segments (C1+C2+C3) ( Figs 18 View FIGURES 18 C–D). Both sexes with coarser puncturation than in alternate and irregularly interfering with nar- row coriaceous interspaces, especially on mid lobe of mesoscutum ( Fig. 18E View FIGURES 18 )....................................................................................................... Bruchophagus gijswijti Askew & Ribes sp. n. 8(6) Female. Flagellomeres 7 and 8 separated by a very short petiole hence funicle appears 6-segmented ( Figs 10D View FIGURES 10 ); penultimate and terminal segments of clava not fused, distinctly separated by a short constriction, so that flagellum is 9-segmented [including the very small anellus] ( Fig. 10D View FIGURES 10 ). Male. Terminal segment of clava shortly petiolate ( Fig. 10I View FIGURES 10 ). Both sexes. Fore wing with setation dark over entire surface in both sexes ( Fig. 10H View FIGURES 10 ). Mesoscutellum with coriaceous sculpture visible in interspaces ( Fig. 10F View FIGURES 10 ). Associated with A. albus albus , A. cerasiferus and A. ramosus ............... Bruchophagus abscedus Askew sp. n.

- Female. Flagellomeres 6 and 7 usually separated by a suture only, hence funicle appearing 5-segmented ( Figs 12C View FIGURES 12 , 14A View FIGURES 14 , 16D View FIGURES 16 ), although a constriction and suture are present in a few females of B. ribesi ( Fig. 12D View FIGURES 12 ); flagellum appearing 8-segmented, its last two segments being fused. Fore wing setation sometimes partly to entirely white ( Figs 12I View FIGURES 12 , 14C View FIGURES 14 ). Male. Terminal segment of clava closely applied to the previous one. Both sexes. Mesoscutellum with interspaces between punctures quite narrow, not showing any coriaceous sculpture ( Figs 14B View FIGURES 14 , 16E View FIGURES 16 )........................................................... 9

9(8) Both sexes. Stigmal and postmarginal vein respectively 1.6 and 1.9× as long as the short marginal vein ( Fig. 16F View FIGURES 16 ). Female. OOL large, 3.75× as long as posterior ocellus diameter; POL only 1.2× as long as OOL ( Fig. 16C View FIGURES 16 ). Pronotum transverse, 3.5× as wide as long ( Fig. 16E View FIGURES 16 ). Gaster 1.8–1.9× as long as high with ovipositor sheaths moderately upturned ( Fig. 15 View FIGURE 15 ). Both sexes. Associated with Asphodeline lutea ............................ Bruchophagus asphodelinae Askew & Stojanova sp. n.

- Both sexes. Stigmal and postmarginal veins shorter than in alternate, respectively 1.25–1.35× and 1.55–1.8× as long as the marginal vein ( Fig. 12J View FIGURES 12 ). Female. OOL smaller, 1.5–1.7× as long as posterior ocellus diameter; POL 1.9–2× as long as OOL; ( Fig. 12B View FIGURES 12 ). Pronotum less transverse than in alternate, 3.2–3.3× as wide as long ( Fig. 12F View FIGURES 12 ). Gaster variable in length depending on the asphodel host plant, either shorter than in alternate (1.7× as long as high) with ovipositor sheaths hardly upturned ( Fig. 12K View FIGURES 12 ) or as long as in alternate but with ovipositor sheaths strongly upturned ( Fig. 11 View FIGURE 11 ). Both sexes. Associated with Asphodelus spp................................................................................................ 10

10(9) Female. Fore wing with setation almost entirely white ( Fig. 12I View FIGURES 12 ). Conversely to those emerging from A. albus and A. ramosus , females emerging from A. cerasiferus have an elongated gaster and ovipositor sheaths strongly upturned ( Fig. 11 View FIGURE 11 ). Male. Scape with swelling only moderately expanded ( Fig. 12L View FIGURES 12 ). Associated with A. albus delphinensis , sometimes with A. albus albus and A. cerasiferus , exceptionally with A. ramosus ; distribution continental................. Bruchophagus ribesi Askew sp. n.

- Female. Fore wing with setation mostly dark ( Fig. 14C View FIGURES 14 ). Gaster always short with ovipositor sheaths only moderately upturned. Male. Swelling on scape more distinctly expanded ( Fig. 14D View FIGURES 14 ). Both sexes. Associated only with A. ramosus . Known only from some Mediterranean islands ( Corse, Sicilia).......................... Bruchophagus insulare Delvare sp. n.