Erythrogonia sinvali, Froza & Quintas & Mejdalani, 2021

Froza, Joyce A., Quintas, Victor & Mejdalani, Gabriel, 2021, A new species of Erythrogonia Melichar, 1926 (Insecta: Hemiptera: Cicadellidae Cicadellini) from the Mantiqueira mountain range, southeastern Brazil, associated with olive orchards, Zootaxa 4996 (2), pp. 374-382 : 375-380

Erythrogonia sinvali sp. nov.

( Figs. 1–13 )

Diagnosis. The new taxon can be distinguished from other species of the genus by the following combination of features: (1) crown ( Figs. 1 , 11 ) black without conspicuous contrasting spots; (2) frons ( Fig. 13 ) with large yellow median spot; (3) pronotum ( Figs. 1 , 11–13 ) black with large yellow area covering most of disk, except laterally and posteriorly; (4) forewing ( Figs. 11, 12 ) dark red, without contrasting spots or stripes, costal margin narrowly black, apical portion (membrane) dark brown; (5) aedeagus ( Figs. 5, 6 ) with shaft elongate, curved dorsally, with pair of spiniform, divergent apical processes; (6) paraphyses ( Fig. 4 ) greatly reduced; (7) basal portion of male anal tube with pair of conspicuous, spiniform curved processes ( Fig. 5 ); (8) posterior margin of female abdominal sternite VII ( Fig. 7 ) broadly emarginate and with broad central lobe; (9) female sternite VIII ( Figs. 8, 9 ) with sclerotized areas, including a transverse bar located at bases of ovipositor valvulae I, followed by a pair of elongate sclerites and a posterior bilobed sclerite.

Description.

Total length: male holotype 6.8 mm, male paratype 6.9 mm, female paratypes 6.9–7.0 mm (n = 3).

Head ( Figs. 1 , 11–13 ), in dorsal view, moderately produced anteriorly; median length of crown approximately one-half of interocular width and one-third of transocular width; anterior margin broadly rounded; ocelli located slightly behind imaginary line between anterior eye angles, each ocellus closer to adjacent eye angle than to median line of crown; coronal disk with shallow median concavity, smooth. Antennal ledge, in lateral view, with anterior margin oblique and convex. Face with frons convex, muscle impressions distinct; epistomal suture obscure medially; clypeus continuing profile of frons on upper portion and nearly horizontal on lower portion. Thorax ( Figs. 1 , 11, 12 ), in dorsal view, with pronotal width slightly less than transocular width of head; lateral margins slightly convergent anteriorly; posterior margin slightly concave; dorsolateral carina rectilinear, slightly oblique, not quite attaining posterior margin of eye. Mesonotum with scutellum not transversally striate. Forewing with membrane well-delimited, including all apical cells except base of fourth; veins mostly distinct, not elevated; with three anteapical cells, bases of median and inner ones obscure. Other features of head and thorax as in the generic description ( Young 1977, p. 767).

Color ( Figs. 1 , 11–13 ). Anterior dorsum (crown, pronotum, and mesonotum) black; apex of crown with irregular yellow markings extended from median spot of frons; pronotum with large, subrectangular yellow area covering most of disk, except laterally and posteriorly. Eyes dark brown. Forewing dark red, without contrasting spots or stripes; costal margin narrowly black; apical portion (membrane) dark brown. Ground color of face yellow; frons with pair of broad, longitudinal dark brown to black stripes on areas of muscle impressions; these stripes fused to each other inferiorly, delimiting large central yellow spot; clypeus with large, central triangular dark brown to black spot. Lateral lobe of pronotum yellow with dark brown to black superior area; lateral and ventral portions of meso- and metathorax with large dark brown to black areas; legs mostly yellow.

Male terminalia. Pygofer ( Fig. 2 ), in lateral view, moderately produced posteriorly; posterior margin narrowly rounded; without processes; macrosetae distributed mostly on posterior two-thirds of disk, except dorsally. Valve ( Figs. 3, 4 ), in ventral view, poorly developed; lateral portions slender; anterior margin emarginate medially; median portion slightly projected posteriorly. Subgenital plate ( Fig. 3 ), in ventral view, elongate and slender, subtriangular, extending almost as far posteriorly as pygofer apex; basal margin oblique; basal third moderately expanded; distal two-thirds very narrow; apex narrowly rounded; few macrosetae distributed mostly along lateral margin of basal portion; microsetae also present; plate not fused to its counterpart at base. Connective ( Fig. 4 ), in dorsal view, somewhat T-shaped; arms short and broad; stalk expanded apically, with median keel. Style ( Fig. 4 ), in dorsal view, extending posteriorly beyond apex of connective; with distinct preapical lobe; apex narrow, transversely truncate. Aedeagus ( Figs. 5, 6 ) symmetrical; shaft, in lateral view, elongate, tubular, curved dorsally; apex with pair of spiniform divergent processes; gonopore located ventroapically. Paraphyses ( Fig. 4 ) reduced, without rami; in dorsal view, forming poorly sclerotized lobe at apex of connective. Basal portion of anal tube ( Fig. 5 ), in lateral view, with pair of conspicuous spiniform curved processes (sickle-shaped).

Female. External form and color as described above for the male. Terminalia: abdominal sternite VII ( Fig. 7 ), in ventral view, subquadrangular; median line with slight longitudinal carina; posterior margin broadly emarginate and with broad central lobe; posterolateral portions rounded, slightly more produced posteriorly than central lobe. “Internal” sternite VIII ( Figs. 8, 9 ), in dorsal view, with sclerotized areas located between valvifers I just above bases of ovipositor valvulae, including a transverse bar located at bases of valvulae I, followed by a pair of poorly defined elongate sclerites and a posterior bilobed sclerite, posterior margin of latter well-defined and distinctly emarginate medially. Pygofer, in lateral view, moderately produced posteriorly; posterior margin narrowly rounded; few macrosetae distributed mostly on posterior portion and extending anteriorly along ventral margin. Valvifer I ( Figs. 8, 9 ), in dorsal view, with inner margin sinuous; in lateral view, subtriangular; posterior margin approximately vertical; without processes or associated sclerites. Valvula I, in ventral view, distinctly expanded basally, expanded portion ( Fig. 9 ) subtriangular; in lateral view, blade distinctly curved along basal third; apex acute; dorsal sculptured area extending from basal portion to apex of blade, formed mostly by scale-like processes arranged in oblique lines; ventral sculptured area restricted to apical portion of blade, formed by dispersed scale-like processes; ventral interlocking device located at basiventral half of blade. Valvula II ( Fig. 10 ), in lateral view, moderately expanded beyond basal curvature; ventral margin rectilinear beyond basal curvature; dorsal margin convex, gradually narrowed toward apex; with approximately 25, mostly subtriangular teeth ( Fig. 10a,b ), those at median portion of blade with elongate flat posterior region, basalmost teeth with irregular form; denticles distributed on teeth and on apical portion of blade ( Fig. 10b,c ), except on apex (ventral dentate apical portion slightly longer than dorsal one); preapical prominence ( Fig. 10c ) small but distinct; apex obtuse; few ducts ( Fig. 10a,b ) extending toward teeth and apex of blade. Gonoplac of the usual Cicadellinae type: in lateral view, extending as far posteriorly as pygofer apex; distal half distinctly expanded, slightly narrowed at apical portion toward obtuse apex; ventral margin slightly sinuous; denticuli distributed on apical portion and extending anteriorly for a small distance along ventral margin; few setae on apical portion and near ventral margin.

Material examined. Southeastern Brazil, Mantiqueira mountain range, state of Minas Gerais. Male holotype: “Maria da Fé [approximately 1,300 m a.s.l., 22º17’S, 45º23’W], MG [state of Minas Gerais] \ EPAMIG [Empresa de Pesquisa Agropecuária de Minas Gerais] \ 1-2/V/2019 \ Froza”, Mejdalani \ Pecly, Lopes ” ( ESALQ). Paratypes: three females, same data as the holotype ( ESALQ, MNRJ); one male, “ Maria da Fé \ MG I-2019 \ J.A. Froza ( MNRJ) .

Etymology. The new species is described in honor of Dr. Sinval Silveira Neto, Senior Professor of the Department of Entomology and Acarology (Escola Superior de Agricultura “Luiz de Queiroz, Universidade de São Paulo, Piracicaba).

Figures

FIGURES 1–6. Erythrogonia sinvali sp. nov., male. 1, Crown and pronotum, dorsal view. 2, Pygofer, lateral view. 3, Valve and subgenital plate, ventral view. 4, Valve, basal portion of subgenital plates, styles, connective, and paraphyses, dorsal view. 5, Ejaculatory bulb, aedeagus, and anal tube processes, lateral view. 6, apex of aedeagus, caudal view. Con: connective; Par: reduced paraphyses; Pat: process of anal tube; Sty: style; Val: valve.

FIGURES 7–10. Erythrogonia sinvali sp. nov., female. 7, Sternite VII, ventral view. 8, First valvifers and “internal” sternite VIII, dorsal view; red arrows, from top to bottom, indicate the transverse bar, elongate sclerite, and posterior bilobed sclerite of sternite VIII. 9, Base of ovipositor valvulae I, anterior view; red arrow indicates transverse bar of sternite VIII. 10, Valvulae II of ovipositor, lateral view. 10a, teeth at posterior half. 10b, dorsoapical portion. 10c, ventroapical portion. Den: denticle; Duc: duct; Por: pore; Ppr: preapical prominence; Ram: ramus; Too: tooth; Vl1: valvifer I; Vv1: valvula I.

FIGURES 11–13. Erythrogonia sinvali sp. nov., female (total length 7.0 mm). 11 and 12, Body in dorsal and laterodorsal views, respectively. 13, Face, anterior view.