Chlamydastis gladysrojasae Phillips and Brown, 2021

Phillips-Rodríguez, Eugenie, Brown, John W., Hallwachs, Winnie & Janzen, Daniel H., 2021, Chlamydastis Meyrick of Costa Rica: barcodes, biology, and descriptions of 36 new species (Lepidoptera: Depressariidae), Insecta Mundi 2021 (868), pp. 1-96 : 26-27

Chlamydastis gladysrojasae Phillips and Brown , new species

Figures 22 , 69 , 106

Holotype. Male, Costa Rica, Guanacaste, ACG, Sector Rincón Rain Forest, Manta Hugo , 491 m, 13.iii.2009, F. Quesada and S. Rios, 10-SRNP-106674, GenBank accession code HQ556226 ( USNM).

Paratypes (2♂, 3♀). See Appendix 1.

Diagnosis. Chlamydastis gladysrojasae is most similar to C. paulhansoni and C. elenaulateae , from which it can be distinguished by its shorter uncus with a rounded apex, its shorter gnathos, and its more rounded sacculus. Superficially, the vertex of the head and the adjacent collar of scales are much darker brown in C. gladysrojasae .

Description. MALE ( Fig. 22 ). Head. Frons whitish, vertex blackish, collar blackish; labial palpus with all segments light brown, second segment with a lighter ring at anterior end; antenna with sensory setae ca. 1.5 times width of flagellomere. Thorax. Base of tegula and anterior margin of prothorax brown, mesothorax and metathorax gray with faint pale purplish tint. FW length 9.5–11.0 mm; FW brownish with faint olive green overscaling and small green irregular blotches; costal 0.5 darker with faint black lines along veins; lower 0.5 paler, without lines along veins. Abdomen. Dorsum grayish, venter darker with paired whitish spots. Genitalia ( Fig. 69 ) with uncus slender, ca. 0.5 length of valva, with rounded apex; gnathos short; valva subrectangular with rounded apex, strongly veined, with dense cluster of specialized setae near mid-costa; sacculus a short, free, rounded lobe; phallus curved throughout, with round-tipped sclerite in vesica.

FEMALE. Head and Thorax. Essentially as described for male, except sensory setae of antenna short, sparse; FW length 12.9–13.5 mm. Abdomen. Genitalia ( Fig. 106 ) with papillae anales slightly diverging and rounded posteriorly, each papilla with a distinct broad line of sclerotization; ductus bursae slender, weakly broadened anteriorly to ill-defined junction with corpus bursae; corpus bursae pear-shaped, signum subrectangular, gradually narrowed at each end.

DNA barcodes. The 13 barcodes of C. gladysrojasae form a BIN (BOLD:AAD8085) with an average distance of 0.32% among barcodes, and a distance of 7.22% to its nearest neighbor, C. elenaulateae .

Distribution. Chlamydastis gladysrojasae has been collected from 491 to 610 m in ACG.

Biology. The immatures and host plants are unknown.

Etymology. Chlamydastis gladysrojasae is named in honor of Gladys Rojas in recognition of her logistic support of the national biodiversity inventory of Costa Rica.

Tryphon Species Group

The Tryphon Species Group is composed of six species: C. powelli , C. gracewoodae , C. juanmatai , C. isidrochaconi (all from Costa Rica), C. tryphon ( Busck, 1920) from Guatemala, and C. lactis (Busck, 1911) from French Guiana, the last illustrated by Clarke (1955: 175). The forewing pattern is sexually dimorphic: males typically have a broad, dark media fascia originating near the middle of the costa and extending to the hind margin, leaving a uniform pale area in the basal half of the forewing (the distal portion beyond the fascia may be pale or concolorous with the fascia), and the costa has an extremely shallow, broad concavity near the middle; females typically have a more uniform ground color (light or dark) with a dark semicircular blotch near the middle of the hind margin. Males of all species have a patch of long, fine, pale scales along the surface of the antenna opposite of the sensory setae, extending from the pedicel to ca. 0.5 the length of the antenna.

The six species share very similar male genitalia with a long, slender, slightly curved uncus; a well-developed gnathos with a flattened distal process at the junction of the lateral arms; a valva with a large, distally attenuate sacculus that projects outward from the vinculum and bears a dense patch of scales (hairpencil); and the dorsoposterior portion of the valva with a broad rounded-triangular lobe near the middle of the outer margin bearing a second dense patch of scales (hairpencil), and its upper, apical portion with a rounded or pointed apex. The specialized arrowhead-tipped setae of the male originate as a dense bundle slightly basal of the middle of the costa of the valva. Chlamydastis powelli , C. gracewoodae , and C. juanmatai share a dorsal, semi-membranous, hump near the middle of the phallus. Chlamydastis tryphon can be distinguished from the four Costa Rican species by its more pointed valva and its short, stout phallus with a small, ventrally directed, sclerotized tip.

The male genitalia of C. powelli , C. gracewoodae , and C. juanmatai are nearly identical, differing only in subtle and/or qualitative features. Of the three, females are known for C. powelli and C. gracewoodae , and they likewise are nearly identical in appearance. However, barcodes convincingly separate the species.

In the female genitalia the length of the anterior apophysis may be useful for separating C. powelli and C. gracewoodae . Females have a long, slender ductus bursae that gradually broadens into the corpus bursae. The signum is a U-shaped sclerite at the anterior end of the corpus bursae, spiny at each distal 0.33, unspined in the middle.

Figures

Figures 16–22. Adults of Chlamydastis from Costa Rica – Mendoron and Phytoptera Species Groups. 16) C. carlosviquezi, holotype, male, 09-SRNP-107366. 17) C. christerhanssoni, holotype, male, INBIOCRI000844209. 18) C. phytoptera, male, 12-SRNP-105632. 19) C. christhompsoni, male, holotype, 09-SRNP-20126. 20) C. paulhansoni, male, holotype, INB0004269422.21) C. elenaulateae, female, paratype, 03-SRNP-10412.22) C. gladysrojasae, female, paratype, 06-SRNP-109148.

Figures 65–69. Male genitalia (phallus detached) of Chlamydastis from Costa Rica – Phytoptera Species Group. 65) C. phytoptera, 10-SRNP-101654 (65a = last abdominal segment). 66) C. christhompsoni, paratype, INBI- OCRI000543326 (66a = last abdominal segment). 67) C. paulhansoni, paratype, INBIOCRI0004269421. 68) C. elenaulateae, paratype, 10-SRNP-1458. 69) C. gladysrojasae, paratype, 09-SRNP-101325.

Figures 103–110. Female genitalia of Chlamydastis. 103) C. phytoptera, INBIOCRI000650708. 104) C. christhompsoni, paratype, INBIOCRI002553979. 105) C. elenaulateae, paratype, 03-SRNP-10412. 106) C. gladysrojasae, paratype, 08-SRNP-102184. 107) C. powelli, paratype, 06-SRNP-3185. 108) C. isidrochaconi, paratype, INB00151483. 109) C. jimlewisi, paratype, INB0073276. 110) C. jimmilleri, paratype, INB003326762.