Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775)

Bernard Landry, 2016, Taxonomic revision of the Spilomelinae (Lepidoptera, Pyralidae s. l.) of the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador, Revue suisse de Zoologie 123 (2), pp. 315-399 : 387-389

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.5281/zenodo.155309

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9ED8B8D5-ADA1-4B53-A1D3-0F75F889A179

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5823257

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03EA87B1-FFF4-8265-7CF5-FE08FD4AFC6D

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775)
status

 

Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775)

Figs 63 View Figs 57 - 64 , 130 View Figs 128 - 130 , 176 View Figs 173 - 177

Phalaena recurvalis Fabricius, 1775: 644 .

Zinckenia fascialis Cramer : Schaus, 1923: 28.

Hymenia recurvalis (Fabricius) : Linsley & Usinger, 1966: 162.

Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius) : Peck et al., 1998: 227. ‒ Causton et al., 2006: 141. ‒ Roque-Albelo & Landry, 2015.

Material examined: 5 ♂, 7 ♀, 43 of undetermined sex from the Galápagos Islands. – Española: Bahía Manzanillo ; Las Tunas trail, 100 m elev[ation]. – Floreana: Punta Cormoran; Charles [no precise locality]. – Isabela: Albermarle, Cobea [?] Settlement; V[olcan]. Darwin, 300 m elev.; NE slope Alcedo, ca. 400 m up (S) Los Guayabillos camp, GPS: 892 m elev., S 00° 25.208’, W 91° 04.765’; V. Darwin, 1000 m elev. – San Cristóbal: Chatham [no precise locality]. – Santa Cruz: Academy Bay, Charles Darwin Research Station; Charles Darwin Research Station; Horneman Farm, 200 m; Horneman Farm, 220 m elev.; [no precise locality], reared from larva ex Sesuvium portulacastrum . – Santiago: Jaboncillo [camp], ± 850 m elev. Deposited in BMNH, CAS, CDRS, MCZ, and MHNG.

Diagnosis: Measuring between 17 and 21 mm in wingspan in the Galápagos this species is most similar to Hymenia perspectalis (Hübner) ( Figs 22, 23 View Figs 17 - 24 ) and Cryptobotys zoilusalis (Walker) ( Figs 10, 11 View Figs 9 - 16 ), both treated above. Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius) ( Fig. 63 View Figs 57 - 64 ) is somewhat paler brown than H. perspectalis . Their white markings differ in the forewing by the wide median fascia from the dorsum touching the discocellular stigma in S. recurvalis , thin and not touching the discocellular stigma in H. perspectalis , and on the hindwing by the wide and evenly margined fascia of S. recurvalis compared to the thin fascia presenting a median bilobed projection medially on the external margin in H. perspectalis . Cryptobotys zoilusalis (Walker) also has white to cream fasciae, but these are very thin.

Biology: The larva of this species is polyphagous and has been recorded on a wide variety of plants, for example Aizoaceae ( Trianthema sp.), Amaranthaceae ( Alternanthera sp., Amaranthus sp., Celosia sp., Gomphrena sp.), Arecaceae [ Chrysalidocarpus (= Dypsis ) sp.], Asteraceae ( Chrysanthemum sp., Eupatorium sp.), Chenopodiaceae ( Beta sp., Chenopodium sp.), Convolvulaceae ( Ipomoea sp.), Fabaceae ( Glycine sp., Vigna sp.), Nyctaginaceae ( Boerhavia sp.), Poaceae ( Zea sp.), Portulacaceae ( Portulaca sp., Spinacia sp.), Solanaceae ( Lycopersicon sp.), etc. ( Robinson et al., 2014). In the CDRS collection there is a pair of specimens associated with a number 69, which refers to a notebook entry mentioning Sesuvium portulacastrum (L.) L. and Portulaca oleraceae L. ( Aizoaceae ) as hosts in the Galápagos. Moths in the archipelago have been collected from sea level up to 1000 m in elevation in pristine as well as anthropized habitats, from February to May and in December.

Distribution: Based on the literature (for example De Prins & De Prins, 2015; Shaffer & Munroe, 2007; Zimmerman, 1958) and museum specimens this species is widespread around the world under warm climates, but it is also probably resident in Southern Europe and occasionally reaches northern Europe ( Slamka, 2013) and south-eastern Canada ( Patterson et al., 2015). In the Galápagos it has been collected on the islands of Española, Floreana, Isabela, San Cristóbal, Santa Cruz, and Santiago.

Remarks: I have identified a Galápagos specimen of this species by comparing it with BMNH identified material, including the types of some of its synonyms. The type was not examined as it is lost ( Clarke, 1986).

CAS

California Academy of Sciences

CDRS

Invertebrate Collection

MCZ

Museum of Comparative Zoology

MHNG

Museum d'Histoire Naturelle

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Arthropoda

Class

Insecta

Order

Lepidoptera

Family

Pyralidae

Genus

Spoladea

Loc

Spoladea recurvalis (Fabricius, 1775)

Bernard Landry 2016
2016
Loc

Spoladea recurvalis

Causton C. E. & Peck S. B. & Sinclair B. J. & Roque-Albelo L. & Hodgson C. J. & Landry B. 2006: 141
Peck S. B. & Heraty J. & Landry B. & Sinclair B. J. 1998: 227
1998
Loc

Hymenia recurvalis

Linsley E. G. & Usinger R. L. 1966: 162
1966
Loc

Zinckenia fascialis

Schaus W. 1923: 28
1923
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