Planaphrodes laevus (Rey, 1891)

Tishechkin, D. Yu., 2019, Calling signal pattern vs. genitalia morphology in Planaphrodes Hamilton, 1975 (Homoptera: Auchenorrhyncha: Cicadellidae: Aphrodinae) - which trait evolves faster?, Russian Entomological Journal 28 (3), pp. 227-232 : 228-231

Planaphrodes laevus (Rey, 1891)

Figs 1–7 .

MATERIAL. 1. Russia, Moscow Oblast, Voskresensk District, dry meadow with xerophyte vegetation on the Western edge of Beloozerskiy Town , from Artemisia campestris L., 1.VII.2018, signals of five males recorded at 27 °C ( Figs 2, 4–6 ) .

2. Russia, Northern Caucasus, Northern Ossetia, the Ardon River Basin , env. Zintsar Village , xerophyte vegetation on stony slopes, 4.VIII.1990, signals of two males recorded at 21 °C .

3. Russia, Altai Mountains, Southern end of the Teletskoe Lake , slope with steppe vegetation, 18.VII.1999, signals of two males recorded at 24–25 °C ( Figs 1, 3, 7 ) .

SIGNALS. Calling signal is a phrase lasting for ca. 10–20 s. It begins with a sequence of similar pulses following each other with a repetition period of 50–100 ms. The main part of a phrase consists of syllables repeating with a period of ca. 400–550 ms. Each syllable includes 4–6 pulses of the same shape as at the beginning of a phrase, and a complex variable component consisting of several shorter pulses partially merged with each other. Amplitude relation of two parts of a syllable can differ in different signals ( Figs 3–6 ). The phrase ends with the same succession of pulses as in the beginning.

PENIS SHAPE. Penis in side view slender, with a pair of large ventral processes, a pair of shorter dorsal processes, and small apical ones ( Fig. 7 ).

Figures

Figs 1–14. Planaphrodes spp.: 1–7 — P. laevus; 8–14 — P. elongatus; 1–6 and 8–13 — oscillograms of male calling signals; 7 and 14 — penis, side view; 1, 3, and 7 — male from Altai Mts.; 2 and 4–6 — males from Moscow Oblast; 8–11 and 13 — male from Saratov Oblast; 12 and 14 — male from Astrakhan Oblast. Faster oscillograms of the parts of signals indicated as “3–4”, “9–11”, and “13” are given under the same numbers. Рис. 1–14. Planaphrodes spp.: 1–7 — P. laevus; 8–14 — P. elongatus; 1–6, 8–13 — осциллограммы приЗывных сигналов самца; 7, 14 — пенис сбоку; 1, 3, 7 — самец с АлтаЯ; 2, 4–6 — самцы иЗ Московской обл.; 8–11, 13 — самец иЗ Саратовской обл.; 12, 14 — самециЗ Астраханской обл. Фрагменты сигналов, обоЗначенные цифрами “3–4”,“9–11” и “13”, представлены на осциллограммах под такими же номерами.