Trochosa fusca ( Keyserling, 1877 ) Paredes-Munguía & Brescovit & Teixeira, 2024

Paredes-Munguía, Williams, Brescovit, Antonio D. & Teixeira, Renato A., 2024, Revision of Neotropical wolf spider genus Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae), with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 5414 (1), pp. 1-83 : 66-69

Trochosa fusca ( Keyserling, 1877) comb. nov.

Figs 57–58 , 65

Tarentula fusca Keyserling, 1877: 640 , plate 7, fig. 22 (female holotype from Cuba, no additional information, BMNH 1636413, not examined).

Lycosa fusca : Banks 1901: 223; Petrunkevitch 1929: 91, figs 76–79; Bryant 1940: 280, pl. 2, figs 23–24.

Arkalosula fusca : Roewer 1955: 232.

Arctosa fusca : World Spider Catalog 2023

Remarks. Trochosa fusca female was first described by Keyserling (1877) and the male was subsequently described by Bryant (1940), both based on specimens from Cuba. The “pair of small dark spots in stripe” mentioned by Bryant (1940) for both the male and female is a typical character in Trochosa . On the other hand, a dense scopula on tarsi, metatarsi, and distal half of tibiae of legs I–II is not typical in Arctosa . Bryant (1940) described the epigynal plate of this species as a “cross piece”, wider than long with a “circular depression each side of the septum” ( Keyserling 1877: fig 22; Bryant 1940: fig 23). The epigynal atrium of Arctosa females lack this depression, which is not compatible with the diagnostic Arctosa trapezoidal epigynum plate ( Dondale & Redner 1990: figs 439, 446, 457). In addition, the anterior pockets (hoods) of T. fusca are not as deep as in Birabenia but shallow like in Trochosa . In Bryant's drawings, the ventral process of the median apophysis is minute, corresponding to one of the diagnostic characters of Trochosa ( Bryant 1940: fig 24). Furthermore, the terminal apophysis is larger and flattened in Trochosa and not slender as in Birabenia . Finally, Birabenia species have diagnostic four promarginal teeth, T. fusca have only three.

Material examined: CUBA: Santiago de Cuba: 1♀, Jardin Botánico , ca. 22°59'29.51"N 82°20'13.38"W, 17.vi.1998, A. Sánchez leg. ( IBSP 169626 ) ; 1♂, ditto, 6.ii.1998, A. Sánchez-Ruiz leg. ( IBSP 233748 ) ; 1♂, Guamá , Pico Cuba, ca. 19°58'43.28"N 76°31'32.52"W, 27.ix.1999, A. Sánchez leg. ( IBSP 169618 ) .

Diagnosis: The ventral projection of median apophysis of T. fusca is as short as in T. humicola , but the median apophysis is clearly shorter ( Figs 57b, h ) and the former has only two macrosetae on tip of cymbium ( Fig. 57b ) instead of three as in T. humicola . Females are recognized by the vulval chamber larger than the head of spermathecae ( Fig. 58e ).

Description. Male (IBSP 169618). Carapace brown, covered by short black bristles except on the white longitudinal median and submarginal bands, ( Fig. 58a ), longitudinal median band yellow, broad at the front and tapering towards the back. Ocular covered by sparse black bristles. Sternum longer than wide, uniform brown in color, covered by sparse, short, black bristles ( Fig. 58d ); endites yellow, teardrop-shaped, and convergent; labium square, darker than the endites; both endites and labium yellowish distally. First row of eyes slightly procurved, shorter than the second row; AME slightly larger than the ALE; PME separated by less than their radii ( Fig. 57g ). Chelicerae with striated, brown with SF, covered frontally with sparse black and white setae in the frontal part; chillum membranous, divided with the mesial portion sclerotized; visible boss clearer than the chelicerae. Legs: all segments uniformly dully brown, except tarsi and metatarsi I and II, which are darker. Dorsum of opisthosoma dully olive, covered by alternated black bristles; cardiac mark dark brown flanked by yellow longitudinal bands ( Fig. 58a ). Ventrally uniformly pale yellow from epigastric furrow to spinnerets, speckled with scattered black dots; anterior spinnerets wider than posterior spinnerets, both cylindrical ( Fig. 58d ).

Pedipalp ( Figs 57a–f, h, i ). Tibia cylindrical. Cymbium piriform, subtegulum lenticular in ventral view ( Fig. 57e ). Tegulum traversed by a C-shaped, curved sperm duct. Ventral projection of median apophysis short, triangular, with sharp tip in retrolateral view ( Figs 57e, f, h ); median apophysis short, slightly curved ventrally ( Fig. 57b ). Terminal apophysis laminar, sclerotized, sickle-shaped ( Figs 57c, e, h ). Embolus thin, with straight tip lying in the dorsal channel of median apophysis ( Figs 57c, e, f ).

Leg formula IV>III>II>I. Spination pattern: femur I p 0-1-2 d 1-1-1 r 2-d1-d1, II p 0 - 1-2 d 1-1-1 r d1-d1-d1, III-IV p d1 - d1-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1 - d1-d1; patella I-IV p 1 d 0-1bristle ap r 1; tibia I-II p 1d-1 d 0-1 v 2-2-2ap r 0-1-1, III-IV p 1-1 d 1-1 r 1-1 v 2-2-2ap; metatarsus I-II p d1-1-2ap r d1-d1-2 d 1bristle-21bristle v 2-2-1ap, III p 1d-1d-2 d 1bistle-1bristle-1bristle r d1-d1-2 v 1-2-2-1ap, IV p d 1-d1-2 d 1bistle-1bristle-1bristle r 1v-1d-2 v 2-2-1ap.

Measurements: TL 11.67, CL 6.78, CCW 3.44, CTW 5.00, CCH 2.55, CTH 2.77. Eyes: AME 0.36, ALE 0.24 PME 0.81, PLE 0.55, interdistances: AME-AME 0.12, AME-ALE 0.09; PME-PME 0.33, POQ length 1.07, POQ posterior width 1.79, POQ anterior width 1.07. Chelicerae: length 2.74. Legs: length of segments femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length: pedipalp 2.61 + 1.17 +1.33 + - + 2.00 = 7.11, I 6.00 + 2.56 + 5.76 + 6.44 + 2.89 = 23.65, II 6.00 + 2.78 + 5.67 + 6.33 + 2.88 = 23.66, III 5.33 + 2.11 + 4.44 + 5.78 + 2.67 = 21.33, IV 6.56 + 2.44 + 6.11 + 7.89 + 3.11 = 26.11.

Female (IBSP 169626). General pattern as in male. First row of eyes slightly procurved, shorter than the second row; AME larger than the ALE; PME separated by less than their radii. Chelicerae with three promarginal teeth, the median the largest; retromarginal with three teeth, the basal the shorter. Chelicerae is darker brown and more robust than in males; chillum and boss larger compared with those of the male. Sternum, endites, and labium darker than in males ( Fig. 58f ). Legs as in males except by a uniform color in each segment; venter of opisthosoma dark brown uniform ( Fig. 58i ).

Genitalia ( Figs 58b, e ), LS and TS forming a T shaped plate ( Fig. 58b ). The TS height is greater than the width of LS; a short and smooth atrium ( Fig. 58b ). CO at the border of TS ( Fig. 58b ). Internal genitalia with HS triangular, not wider than SS, BS short, with VC larger than HS ( Figs 58e ), hoods convergent, triangular ( Figs 58b, 58e ).

Leg formula IV>II>I>III. Spination pattern: femur I p 0-0-2 d 1-1-1 r d1-d1-d1, II p 0-d1-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-d1- d1, III p 0-d1-d1 d 1-1-1 r 0 - d1-d1-d1, IV p d1-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r d1-0-d1; patella I-IV d 0-1bristle p 1 r 1; tibia I p d1-1 d 1bristle-0 v 2-2-2ap r 0-1, II p 1-1 d 1bristle-0 v 2-2-2ap, III-IV p 1-1 d 1-1 r 1-1 v 2-2-2ap; metatarsus I p 0-0-1 d 1bristle-1bristle v 2-2-1 r 0-0-d1, II p 0-0-2 d 2bristle-1bristle r 0-0-1 v 2-2-1ap, III p d1-d1-2 r d1 - v1- d1-2ap v 2-1-1ap, IV p d1-d1-2 r d1 - d1-v1-2ap v 2-1-1ap.

Measurements: TL 10.55, CL 5.44, CCW 2.67, CTW 3.89, CCH 1.88, CTH 1.78. Eyes: AME 0.26, ALE 0.19, PME 0.60, PLE 0.55, interdistances: AME-AME 0.09, AME-ALE 0.12; PME-PME 0.29, POQ length 0.95, POQ posterior width 1.48, POQ anterior width 0.95. Chelicerae: length 2.55. Legs: length of segments femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length: pedipalp 1.83 + 1.00 + 1.11 + - + 1.33 = 5.27, I 4.11 + 2.22 + 3.44 + 3.33 + 1.89 = 14.99, II 3.88 + 1.89 + 2.89 + 3.22 + 1.78 = 13.66, III 3.33 + 1.44 + 2.67 + 3.33 + 1.67 = 12.44, IV 4.56 + 1.89 + 4.00 + 4.89 + 2.22 = 17.56.

Distribution. Caribbean ( Cuba and Puerto Rico, Fig. 65 ), Puerto Rico records were taken from Petrunkevitch (1929).

Figures

FIGURE 57. Trochosa fusca (Keyserling, 1877) comb. nov. (IBSP 169618) Male pedipalp a–c (a, prolateral; b, ventral; c, retrolateral) Male palpal bulb d–f, h (d, prolateral; e, ventral; f, retrolateral; h, anterior), g, male chelicerae, i, stridulatory organ. Scale bars: a–c, 500 µm, d–f, h, i, 200 µm, g, 2 mm. CHI chilum, CMS cymbium macrosetae, E embolus, MA median apophysis, P palea, pp pars pendula, T tegulum, TA terminal apophysis, TDF Tibial distal file, TF tegular furrow, TK tegular keel, TL tegular lobe, S scraper, SF striae file, ST subtegulum, VP ventral process.

FIGURE 58. Trochosa fusca (Keyserling, 1877) comb. nov. Male habitus (IBSP 169618) a, d, g (a, dorsal; d, ventral; g, lateral) Epigynum b, e (b, ventral; e, dorsal) Female habitus (IBSP 169626) c, f, h–i (c, dorsal; f, ventral; h, frontal; i, lateral) Scale bars: a, g, 2 mm d, 5 mm, b, e, 200 µm, c, f, i, 5 mm, h, 2 mm. CO copulatory opening, H hood, MS median septum, TS transversal septum, VC vulval chamber.

FIGURE 65. Geographic distribution records of Arctosa denticulata (blue asterisc), Arctosa littoralis (yellow square), Arctosa serii (light blue star), Trochosa fusca comb. nov. (green dot).