Anastrepha concava Greene, 1934

Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A., 2009, A revision of the Anastrepha robusta species group (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2182, Zootaxa 2182 (1), pp. 1-91 : 15-16

Anastrepha concava Greene

Figs. 4 , 24–26 , 67 , 101 , 168 , 192–193 , 213–214

Anastrepha concava Greene 1934: 169 [description, wing, Panamá]; Stone 1942a: 93 [aculeus tip, Brazil: Pará]; Foote 1967: 8 [in catalog]; Steyskal 1977: 27 [in key]; Zucchi 1978: 38; Norrbom 1985: 173 [wing, eversible membrane, aculeus tip, male terminalia]; Zucchi et al. 1996: 261 [in list]; Korytkowski 1997: 62 [in key]; Norrbom et al. 1999a: 77 [in catalog; Costa Rica, Ecuador]; Norrbom et al. 1999b: 338 [classification]; Zucchi 2000a: 23 [in key]; Zucchi 2000b: 43 [in list]; Silva & Ronchi-Teles 2000: 208 [ Brazil: Amazonia]; Korytkowski 2004: 64 [in key].

Diagnosis. Anastrepha concava differs from other species of Anastrepha by the following combination of characters: C-band and S-band broadly connected; wing pattern mostly dark brown, C-band in cells r 1 and r 2+3 and S-band in cells br and dm without orange areas; vein M only slightly curved apically, cell r 4+5 1.03–1.19 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-cu; oviscape 6.66–9.00 mm long, 1.62–2.07 times as long as mesonotum; and aculeus tip 0.60–0.75 mm long, nonserrate.

Description. Mostly yellow to orange, with white to pale yellow markings. Setae dark brown to black.

Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, at most twice as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or slightly convex dorsally and medially. Antenna extended 0.70–0.85 distance to ventral facial margin.

Thorax ( Fig. 4 ): Without brown markings. Mostly yellow to orange with following areas white or pale yellow (not always well differentiated in dried specimens): postpronotal lobe; paired sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; entire scutellum; dorsal margin of anepisternum; dorsal margin of katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Scutum orange medially, without pale vitta; posterior margin without darker band. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 4.0– 4.6 mm long. Scutum entirely microtrichose; setulae mostly yellow to orange, brownish laterally. Katepisternal seta 0.40–0.75 as large as anepimeral seta, orange to red brown.

Wing ( Figs. 24–26 ): Length 8.7–10.9 mm, width 3.5–4.3 mm, ratio 2.37–2.73. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.52–0.58 wing length. Cell c 1.15–1.50 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.10–4.44 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 without sharp bends or undulations. Crossvein r-m at 0.66–0.69 distance from bm–cu to dmcu on vein M. Vein M only slightly curved apically; cell r 4+5 1.03–1.19 times as wide at apex as at level of dmcu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.47–1.57 times as long as anterior margin. Wing pattern mostly dark brown. C-band with cell bc yellowish; cell c yellowish basally and distally, anterior margin yellowish to subhyaline, sometimes narrowly brown distally, posteriory with elongate medial hyaline to subhyaline nonmicrotrichose area; yellow area usually extended into posterobasal corner of pterostigma but not into cell r 1; remainder of C-band dark brown. C-band and S-band broadly connected along vein R 4+5, hyaline area in cell br absent in male, small to moderate sized in female, sometimes not reaching vein R 4+5 and at most 1.4 times as long as distal brown area of cell; cell dm with basal hyaline area moderately large. Basal half of S-band entirely dark brown, without orange area in cell dm or bordering crossvein r-m, posterior margin with distinct incision in cell cu 1; distal section of band paler brown, relatively broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.69–0.80 times width of cell r 2+3, even in width or usually slightly broadening in cell r 2+3, well separated from apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to it ending at vein R 2+3 or rarely (1 Panamanian male) almost reaching it or often extending slightly into cell r 1. Hyaline basomarginal spot in cell r 1 triangular, extended to or almost to vein R 4+5, its apex aligned slightly proximal to crossvein r-m. V-band complete, entirely brown although mostly slightly paler than base of S-band, broadly to very broadly connected to S-band in cell r 2+3; proximal arm narrow to moderately broad anteriorly, gradually broadening posteriorly, with long basal extension along wing margin, at level of vein M 1.2–2.0 times as wide as distal arm and 1.0–4.0 times as wide as hyaline area proximal to it in cells r 4+5 and dm; distal arm slender, connected to proximal arm, but sometimes constricted on vein R 4+5.

Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.

Male terminalia ( Figs. 192–193 , 213–214 ): Lateral surstylus moderately long, extended beyond prensisetae by 2.0–2.5 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view gradually tapered to slightly acute apex; in posterior view broad, slightly tapered to blunt, subtruncate apex, slightly longer medially than laterally; medial margin convex. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected but lateral areas separate dorsally. Phallus 10.6–12.7 mm long, 2.59–2.94 times as long as mesonotum; glans 0.55–0.62 mm long.

Female terminalia: Oviscape ( Fig. 4 ) 6.66–9.00 mm long, 1.62–2.07 times as long as mesonotum; mostly moderate to dark brown, base orange to yellow ventrally, at most extended to level of spiracle; spiracle at basal 0.20–0.23. Eversible membrane ( Figs. 67 , 101 ) with 15–25 long moderately stout hooklike dorsobasal scales in 2 irregular rows and 1 row of short stout scales separated by membranous gap from short, stout basal denticles in triangular pattern. Aculeus straight or ventrally curved in lateral view, 6.40–9.20 mm long; in ventral view base moderately expanded, 0.20–0.22 mm wide; shaft 0.09–0.13 mm wide at midlength; tip ( Fig. 168 ) 0.60–0.75 mm long, 0.09–0.12 mm wide, 6.25–6.86 times as long as wide, 0.065–0.09 mm wide in lateral view, 0.62–0.75 times ventral width, in ventral view gradually tapered or with basal third or less nearly parallel-sided, nonserrate. Spermathecae spherical.

Distribution. Anastrepha concava is known from Costa Rica, Panamá, Ecuador, Bolivia, and Brazil (Amazonas, Pará).

Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species other than dates of capture of adults are unknown.

Type Data. Holotype adult of unknown sex ( USMN USNMENT00104302 ), PANAMÁ: Canal Zone , Cano Saddle, Close's, Sep 1923, M. F. Close [examined]. The abdomen of this specimen was lost prior to its description.

Other specimens examined. BOLIVIA: Cochabamba: Chapare, Agrigento A, trampa McPhail R3-3, 17 Jun 2005, E. Quisberth, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00212059 ) ; Chapare, Dorado , trampa McPhail R 3-1, 17 Jun 2005, E. Quisberth et al., 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00212061 ) . BRAZIL: Pará : Santarém, S. W. Williston Collection, 1♀ ( AMNH USNMENT00671170 ) ; Santarém , Acc. No. 2966, 1♀ ( CMP USNMENT00671104 ) . COSTA RICA: Puntarenas: Osa Peninsula, Rincon , 3–10 mi. S, 7–20 Feb 1967, H. R. & E. H. Roberts, M.S. Harrison, W. W. Moss, D. A. Nickle, 1♀ ( ANSP USNMENT00671167 ) . ECUADOR: Río Palenque , 0°35'S 70°22'W, 150 m, 22–26 Feb 1976, G.E. Shewell, 1♀ ( CNC USNMENT00671171 ) . Napo: Reserva Etnica Waorani, Onkone Gare Camp, 1 km S, Transect Ent. , 0°39'10"S 76°26'W, 10 x-trans, 42 m mark, 220 m, insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest, 29 Jun 1994, T. L. Erwin et al. Project MAXUS Lot 744, 1♂ ( USNM USNMENT00053494 ) . PANAMÁ: Panamá: Arraijan , 26 Dec 1947, J. Zetek 5320, 1♂ ( USNM USNMENT00671156 ) ; Arraijan , 13 May 1948, J. Zetek 5342, 1♂ ( USNM USNMENT00214860 ) ; Arraijan , 24 Jun 1948, J. Zetek 5348, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00214911 ) ; Arraijan , 16 Sep 1948, J. Zetek 5360, 1♂ ( USNM USNMENT00671172 ) ; Arraijan , 11 Nov 1948, J. Zetek 5371, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00671173 ) ; Arraijan , 23 Nov 1950, J. Zetek 5487, 1♂ ( USNM USNMENT00104277 ) ; El Cermeño , 23 Jul 1940, J. Zetek 4670, 1♀ ( USNM USNMENT00104251 ) .

Figures

FIGURES 1–4. Habitus female, dorsal: 1, A. bella (composite Panama: Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT00215485 & holotype); 2, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarém, USNMENT00671150); 3, A. disticrux (holotype); 4, A. concava (composite); bar = 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 18–29. Wings: 18, A. amaryllis (holotype); 19, A. amazonensis (holotype); 20–21, A. bella (Panamá: Cerrro Jefe, USNMENT00215485; Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT00671176); 22–23, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00216097, USNMENT00671150); 24–26, A. concava (male, Panamá: Arraijan, USNMENT00214860; female, Panamá: Arraijan, USNMENT00214911; female, Bolivia: Agrigento A, USNMENT00212059); 27–28, A. cordata (holotype; Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00104299); 29, A. cryptostrepha (Surinam: Paramaribo, USNMENT00216571).

FIGURES 63–72. Eversible membranes: 63, A. amazonensis (holotype); 64–65, A. bella (Panamá: Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT 00671175; Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00216156); 66, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00216097); 67, A. concava (Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00104251); 68, A. cordata (Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00104297); 69, A. cryptostrepha (Surinam: Paramaribo, USNMENT00216571); 70, A. disticrux (holotype); 71, A. fenestrata (Brazil: Rio Trombetas, USNMENT00052104); 72, A. fenestrella (Costa Rica: La Selva, USNMENT00104276).

FIGURES 101–107. Eversible membranes: 101, A. concava (Ecuador: Rio Palenque, USNMENT00671171); 102, A. robusta (Panamá); 103, A. simulans (Brazil: Tijuca, USNMENT00216398). Spermathecae: 104, A. fenestrella (Panamá: Arraijan, USNMENT00216308); 105, A. robusta (Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00216356); 106, A. rojasi (Panamá: Barro Colorado Is., USNMENT00216155); 107 A. speciosa (Panamá: Balboa, USNMENT00216302); bar = 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 164–185. Aculeus tips (ventral or lateral): 164–165, A. amaryllis (from Tigrero 1998, figs. 82, 81); 166, A. bella (Panamá: Altos de Pacora); 167, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00216097); 168, A. concava (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00671170); 169–170, A. cordata (Panama: El Cermeño, USNMENT00104297); 171, A. cryptostrepha (Surinam: Paramaribo, USNMENT00216571); 172, A. fenestrella (Panamá: Arraijan, USNMENT00216308); 173–174, A. furcata (ventrolateral, Brazil: Cachoeira Paciencia, from Lima 1937, fig. 17; Brazil: Muritiba, USNMENT00052098); 175, A. lambda (holotype); 176–177, A. nigrifascia (USA: Torch Key, USNMENT00216376; Big Pine Key, USNMENT00216421); 178, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 179, A. pittieri (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT00216181); 180, A. pseudorobusta (Venezuela: C. Bolivar, USNMENT00216401); 181, A. robusta (Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00216356); 182–184, A. simulans (holotype, paratype drawings by R.A.Zucchi; Brazil: Tijuca, USNMENT00216398); 185, A. speciosa (from Stone 1942a, fig. 20C); bar = 0.05 mm.

FIGURES 192–198. Male terminalia (epandria and surstyli): 192–193, A. concava (lateral and posterior, Panamá: Arraijan); 194–196, A. cryptostrephoides (glans, epandrium and surstyli, holotype); 197, A. fenestrata (ventrolateral, holotype, copied from Lima 1934, fig. 24); 198, A. fenestrella (lateral, Panamá: Arraijan, USNMENT00052103).

FIGURES 211–214. Male terminalia (epandria and surstyli): 211–212, A. bella (lateral and posterior, Panamá); 213–214, A. concava (lateral and posterior, Panamá: Arraijan, USNMENT00104277).