Paragus, LATREILLE, 1804
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2007.00353.x |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787B2-F83C-FFA4-FCF1-FBFFFD1EF9FD |
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treatment provided by |
Felipe (2021-08-31 23:49:11, last updated by Plazi 2023-11-06 13:14:36) |
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scientific name |
Paragus |
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SUBGENUS PARAGUS LATREILLE, 1804 View in CoL View at ENA STAT. REV.
Type-species: Syrphus bicolor Fabricius, 1794 : Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta, 4: 297.
Re-description (based on Vockeroth, 1986): Male holoptic. Face of male yellow with black lower margin or with dark median stripe. Face of female usually with distinct, median black stripe. Male genitalia ( Figs 49– 54 View Figures 49–54 ): surstylus tapering from mid-length or before to slender apex; hypandrium with deep lateral emargination usually which one or more marginal spinae; lingula usually well developed ( Figs 49, 51, 52 View Figures 49–54 ), absent in quadrifasciatus -group ( Fig. 50 View Figures 49–54 ) (unpublished data); aedeagal apodeme very large, more than half as long as mid-ventral length of hypandrium, usually with well-developed lateral arms ( Figs 76, 77 View Figures 72–83 ); postgonite slender, curved and directed upward, with short pile on lateral surface and usually with denticulate dorsal margin ( Fig. 109 View Figures 100–112 ); lateral lobe of aedeagus large, partially hidden by postgonite in lateral view; ejaculatory apodeme of medium size ( Fig. 106 View Figures 100–112 ); aedeagus large and asymmetric ( Figs 85, 87 View Figures 84–99 ).
Diagnostic features: Eyes with vertical median band of shorter pile ( Fig. 9 View Figures 5–14 ). Face with distinct facial tubercle (as in Fig. 6 View Figures 5–14 ). Scutum with ( Fig. 16 View Figures 15–22 ) or without (as in much narrower in the female). Scutum with yellow and golden pile. Male holoptic. Face of male yellow with black lower margin. Face of female with narrow, median black stripe. Male genitalia ( Figs 45–48 View Figures 43–48 ): surstylus broad strongly tapering and very narrow on apical quarter ( Fig. 47 View Figures 43–48 ); hypandrium short, without lateral emarginations and lingula ( Figs 45, 46 View Figures 43–48 ); aedeagal apodeme long and strongly developed ( Figs 74, 75 View Figures 72–83 ); postgonite developed in 3 axis, strongly curved ( Figs 45 View Figures 43–48 , 108 View Figures 100–112 ); lateral lobe of aedeagus of medium size with strong and sharp apical prolongation ( Fig. 70 View Figures 66–71 ); ejaculatory apodeme of medium size ( Fig. 104 View Figures 100–112 ); aedeagus with well-developed basal part ( Figs 88, 89 View Figures 84–99 ).
Fig. 17 View Figures 15–22 ) dusted submedian stripes. Scutellum without conspicuous teeth on posterior margin, rhomboidal ( Fig. 19 View Figures 15–22 ). Spurious vein ending before the meeting point of vein M with discal cross-vein ( Fig. 21 View Figures 15–22 ). Abdomen short and elliptical ( Figs 25, 31 View Figures 23–34 ). Tergites 1–2 completely fused; tergites 3–5 fused laterally ( Figs 25, 31 View Figures 23–34 ). Male genitalia: postgonite curved posteriorly ( Figs 49–52 View Figures 49–54 , 109 View Figures 100–112 ); ejaculatory apodeme with four apical ridges ( Fig. 106 View Figures 100–112 ); minis large, lateral arms of minis short ( Fig. 53 View Figures 49–54 ); epandrium in narrower part twice length of cercus ( Fig. 54 View Figures 49–54 ); lateral lobe of aedeagus fused with aedeagal apodeme ( Fig. 71 View Figures 66–71 ); aedeagus in lateral view strongly asymmetric, ‘keel-like’, with welldeveloped basal part ( Figs 84–87 View Figures 84–99 ).
Distribution: Mainly Holarctic but also Oriental.
Vockeroth JR. 1986. Revision of the new world species of Paragus Latreille (Diptera: Syrphidae). Canadian Entomologist 118: 183 - 198.
Figures 49–54. Hypandrium, lateral view (Figs 49–52); epandrium, ventral view (Fig. 43); epandrium, dorsal view (Fig. 54). Paragus (Paragus) absidatus (Figs 53, 54); Paragus (Paragus) pecchiolli (Fig. 51); Paragus (Paragus) punctulatus (Fig. 49); Paragus (Paragus) quadrifasciatus (Fig. 50); Paragus (Paragus) strigatus (Fig. 52).
Figures 72–83. Aedeagal apodeme, lateral view (Figs 72,74,76,78,80,82); aedeagal apodeme, dorsal view (Figs 73,75,77,79,81,83). Paragus (Afroparagus) borbonicus (Figs 74, 75); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) brachycerus (Figs 78, 79); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) jozanus (Figs 80, 81); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) haemorrhous (Figs 82, 83); Paragus (Paragus) variabilis (Figs 76, 77); Paragus (Serratoparagus) auritus (Figs 72, 73).
Figures 100–112. Ejaculatory apodeme and spermal sac (Figs 100–106); postgonites (Figs 107–112). Paragus (Afroparagus) borbonicus (Figs 104, 108); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) brachycerus (Figs 102, 110); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) jozanus (Figs 103, 111); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) manensis (Fig. 101); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) haemorrhous (Fig. 112); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) longiventris (Fig. 100); Paragus (Paragus) quadrifasciatus (Fig. 106); Paragus (Paragus) variabilis (Fig. 109); Paragus (Serratoparagus) capricorni (Fig. 105); Paragus (Serratoparagus) auritus (Fig. 107).
Figures 84–99. Aedeagus, ventral view (Figs 84,86,88,90,92,94,96,98); aedeagus, lateral view (Figs 85,87,89,91, 93,95,97,99). Paragus (Afroparagus) borbonicus (Figs 88, 89); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) brachycerus (Figs 94, 95); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) jozanus (Figs 92, 93); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) haemorrhous (Figs 96, 97); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) longiventris (Figs 98, 99); Paragus (Paragus) pecchiollii (Figs 87, 96); Paragus (Paragus) quadrifasciatus (Figs 84, 85); Paragus (Serratoparagus) crenulatus (Figs 90, 91).
Figures 5–14. Head, lateral view (Figs 5–7); head, anterior view (Figs 8–10); antenna (Figs 10–14). Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) jozanus (Figs 5, 8); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) brachycerus (Fig. 13); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) atratus (Fig. 14); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) haemorrhous (Figs 7, 10); Paragus (Paragus) quadrifasciatus (Fig. 9); Paragus (Paragus) strigatus (Fig. 12); Paragus (Serratoparagus) auritus (Fig. 11); Paragus (Serratoparagus) capricorni (Fig. 6). Names of subgenera according classification proposed in this paper.
Figures 15–22. Scutum, dorsal view (Figs 15–17); scutellum, dorsal view (Figs 18–20); wing (Figs 21,22). Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) jozanus (Fig. 20); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) haemorrhous (Figs 17, 22); Paragus (Paragus) pecchiolii (Figs 16, 21); Paragus (Paragus) strigatus (Fig. 19); Paragus (Serratoparagus) auritus (Fig. 15); Paragus (Serratoparagus) capricorni (Fig. 18).
Figures 43–48. Hypandrium, lateral view (Figs 43–45); hypandrium, ventral view (Fig. 39); epandrium, ventral view (Fig. 47); epandrium, dorsal view (Fig. 48). Paragus (Afroparagus) borbonicus (Figs 45–4748); Paragus (Serratoparagus) auritus (Fig. 44); Paragus (Serratoparagus) capricorni (Fig. 43). Names of genera and subgenera applied according to the classification proposed in this paper.
Figures 66–71. Aedeagus complex, lateral view. Paragus (Afroparagus) borbonicus (Fig. 70); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) brachycerus (Fig. 67); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) jozanus (Fig. 66); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) tibialis (Fig. 68); Paragus (Paragus) pecchiollii (Fig. 71); Paragus (Serratoparagus) auritus (Fig. 69).
Figures 23–34. Abdomen, male (Figs 23–28,34); abdomen, female (Figs 29–33). Paragus (Afroparagus) borbonicus (Figs 24, 30); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) brachycerus (Fig. 27); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) jozanus (Figs 26, 32); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) atratus (Fig. 28); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) haemorrhous (Fig. 33); Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) longiventris (Fig. 34); Paragus (Paragus) strigatus (Figs 25, 31); Paragus (Serratoparagus) azureus (Fig. 29); Paragus (Serratoparagus) capricorni (Fig. 23).
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