Euxoa (Pleonectopoda) kodara, Kononenko & Behounek & Gyulai, 2018

Kononenko, V. S., Behounek, G. & Gyulai, P., 2018, Descriptions of two new species of Euxoa Hübner, [1821], subgenus Pleonectopoda Grote, 1873, from Siberia (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), Zootaxa 4483 (2), pp. 258-270 : 261-262

Euxoa (Pleonectopoda) kodara sp. n.

( Figs 7–9, 13–15 , 29–34 , 45–47 , 50 )

Type material. Holotype: male, labeled as “ Russia, North Baikal, Kodar Mts. 1100 m 17.vi.–14.vii.1999, leg. Danilevsky,” Genitalia slide PG 3344m. The holotype preserved in coll. of Peter Gyulai, Miskolc, Hungary, later to be deposited in HNHM .

Paratypes. Total 28 specimens. 6 males, 7 females, Russia, Siberia, Chitinskaya oblast, Kalarsky region , Station Kodar , Kodar Range H= 1000 m, 27.vi–17.vii.1999, leg. A. Aniskovich (coll. ABr.), male slide GB 8468 (coll. GB/ ZSM); female slide GB 88469 (coll. GB/ ZSM) ; 1 male, Russia, Yakutia, Kodar Range, BAM station Chani , 56° 66′ N 119° 55′ E, H= 600–800 m, 19.vi–8.vii.2000, leg. A. Aniskovich (coll. ABR) ; 1 male, Russia, Transbaikalia, Stanovoe Plateu, 900 m, near Kodar RW Station , 3–26.vi.2001, leg. O. Amossov (coll. WS) ; 5 males, 1 female, Russia, Siberia, Chitinskaya oblast, Kalarsky region , 56° 41′ N 117° 43′, Station Kodar , Kodar Range H = 1000 m, 10.vi–10.vii.2001, leg. A. Aniskovich (coll. ABr.) ; 1 male, 1 female North Baikal Kodar mts. 1100 m 17.vi. –14.vii.1999 leg. Danilevsky, coll. FH ; 1 male, 1 female, same data, coll. HS, slide PG 4436f ; 1 female, Russia, Yakutia, Verkhoyansk , vi.1913, leg. Mikhailov ( ZISP) ; 1 female, Russia, Amur basin , Khabarovsk region, Bureinsky nature reserve, Upper Bureya, Busse-Alin range, Korbokon Range , 28.vi.2011, leg. E. Koshkin ( IBSS).

Diagnosis. The new species is most similar to E. hyperborea ( Figs 20 , 41 , 13–15 ), from which it differs in its larger size (forewing length 18–21 mm vs 16–20 mm in E. hyperborea ), more strongly developed, broad frontal tubercle (vestigial in E. hyperborea ), the forewing slightly rounded apically, shining bluish-grey or reddish-brown ground colour of forewing, and more pronounced patterning on the forewing. The male genitalia of E. kodara differ from those of E. hyperborea in the somewhat broader valva, a more stout saccular extension, and, in most of the specimens, a slightly longer sacculus and less ample subbasal diverticulum. The male genitalia of E. kodara are also similar to those of E. steideli , but differ in the broader valva and shorter sacculus. In the female genitalia E. kodara basically resembles to E. hyperborea , but the appendix bursae is more prominent, projected apically; sclerotised plate of ductus bursae much wider than in E. hyperborea .

Description. Adult ( Figs 7–9, 13–15 , 29–34 ). Wingspan 36–46 38 mm, length of forewing 18–21 mm, female somewhat larger than male. Dimorphic, with both sexes represented by both reddish-brown and dark-grey forms. Frons with small but distinct, wrinkled plate-like tubercle; eyes round; male antenna thicker than in related E. hyperborea and E. steideli , biserrate, fasciculate, with bundle of bristles on each segment. Head and thorax covered with white, grey black or reddish-brown hair-like and strap-like scales, usually also covering frontal tubercle; abdomen covered with dark-grey or reddish-brown scales. Legs with tibia armed with row of spines typical for Euxoa . Forewing broad, rounded. Ground colour ash grey with metallic shining in fresh specimens (in the grey form) or reddish-brown (in the brown form). Wing pattern reduced, formed by faint basal and usually distinct antemedial, postmedial, and subterminal lines, faint orbicular and distinct reniform stigmata; claviform stigma not expressed. Basal, subbasal, and medial fields concolorous; basal line faint in costal area or not expressed; antemedial line distinct, blackish, outlined inwardly with pale dashes; medial shadow ranges from robust to faint or invisible; orbicular stigma rounded, faint, pale yellowish or grey; reniform stigma narrow, more or less C-like, black or dark brown inside, outlined with narrow yellowish border more prominently expressed in reddish form; postmedial line thin, dentate, in some specimens reduced but well expressed and with a pale outer border in others; subterminal field rather broad, unicolourous; subterminal line either blackish with a diffuse yellowish outward border, or expressed as a series of dark-grey diffused streaks, or as a faint outline; terminal field grey, in reddish form darker than subterminal; terminal line a row of dots or vertical streaks; fringe grey, grey brown or reddish brown. Hindwing grey or yellowish grey, pale in inner part, with distinct discal spot, dark veins, and broad greyish diffused terminal area; fringe pale yellowish grey. Underside grey, with distinct reniform and wide diffused postmedial band; hindwing grey, shadowed with dark grey along costal margin, with distinct discal spot and wide, blackish postmedial band.

Male genitalia. ( Figs 45–47 ). Similar to those of E. hyperborea and E. steideli in most details, but valva somewhat broader than in E. hyperborea ; saccular extensions slightly longer than in E. hyperborea in most of examined specimens, left extension is slightly asymmetrical, shorter than right one, both saccular extensions are shorter than the harpe; in vesica and medial diverticula smaller, less ample than in E. hyperborea .

Female genitalia. ( Fig. 50 ) Typical for Euxoa , Pleonectopoda species. Ovipositor elongate, acute; papillae anales covered with short setae; apophyses wide at base, elongate, apophyses posteriores broad, short, four times shorter than anterior apophyses; antrum blunt, rounded laterally; ductus bursae with broad sclerotised plate; corpus bursae sack-like with wide, apical appendix bursae; ductus seminalis deriving from appendix bursae.

Etymology. The species is named after its type locality in the Kodar Range in Northern Transbaikalia ( Russia, Tschita reg.).

Distribution and bionomics ( Fig. 39 ). East Palaearctic, boreal. The species is known from a large series from the type locality, Kodar Range, in North Transbaikalia; one female found in an old collection (coll. ZISP, 1913) from Verkhoyansk, Yakutia and one female was collected in Bureya Range in the north of the Amur bassin. The species occurs in subarctic habitats near timberline at 800–1100 m with scattered low-growing larch trees, montane meadows, and montane tundra. Larva and larval biology unknown.

Euxoa (Pleonectopoda) hyperborea Lafontaine, 1987

( Figs 20 , 41 , 49 )

Moths of North America North of Mexico, 27. 2: 46, pl. 1: 40. Type-locality: Alaska, Gubik Gas Field, Chandler River. Holotype male: USNM, washington.

References: Lafontaine 1987, 46, Pl.1:40 ( Euxoa , Pleonectopoda ); Kononenko, in P.A.Lehr (ed.) 2003: 574, Pls. 332: 11–12: 586: 338: 5 ( Euxoa , Pleonectopoda ); Kononenko 2005: 176 ( Euxoa , Pleonectopoda ).

Note. The type-series of this species includes two males (holotype and paratype) from Alaska, and seven paratypes from Russia: one male from Chukotka, Ust Chaun 68° 74N, 170° 35E (K.W. Philip leg.) and five males, one female from Magadan region, Upper Kolyma, 18 km N Kulu (Marchenko leg.). More material was collected by Kononenko in Upper Kolyma at some locality. Moths flying at night and at day time on the sunny gravel slope. The species is associated with dry sunny dunes and dry sunny gravel slopes.

Distribution. Holarctic Beringinan. Russia, Northeast Siberia (Magadan region and Chukotka); North America ( Canada: Northwest Territories, USA: Alaska).

Figures

FIGURES 1–15. Euxoa (Pleonectopoda) spp., adult (1–9), head capsule, lateral and frontal views (10–15). 1–6, 10–12, E. steideli sp. n., males; (1, holotype, genitalia slide 8237 GB; 2, 3 – paratypes, genitalia slide 8237 GB, all west Buryatia, Sagan- Shuluta; 4–6, ditto, paratypes, 4—Buryatia, Mondy, genitalia slide 3347; 5, 6 Tuva, Naryn valley). 7–9, 13–15, E. kodara sp. n. (male, holotype, genitalia slide 3347, Northern Transbaikalia, Kodar Range, coll. PG; 8, male, paratype, same locality, coll. GB; 9, female, paratype, same locality, coll. ABr.

FIGURES 16–39. Euxoa (Pleonectopoda) spp., adult (16–36), habitat of E. steideli sp.n. (37, 38), distribution map of E. steideli sp. n. and E. kodara sp. n. (39). 16, 17, E. muldersi, Canada, after Lafontaine & Troubridge; 18, E. churchillensis, Canada; 19, E. churchillensis, Russia, Chukchi Autonomy; 20, E. hyperborea, Russia, Magadan reg. Upper Kolyma; 21–26, E. steideli sp. n., (holotype and paratypes) Russia, west, Sagan-Shuluta (21–24), Tuva (25–26), Buryatia, Mondy (27, 28); 29–34 E. kodara sp. n. (paratypes), 29, 31–34, Northern Transbaikalia, Kodar Range; 30, Yakutia; 35, 36, E. culminicola, Austria; 37, 38 montane steppe at altitude 1200–1500 m, habitat of E. steideli sp. n.; 39, distribution map: black circle—E. steideli sp. n., black quadrat E. kodara sp. n.

FIGURES 44–47. Euxoa spp., male genitalia. 44, E. steideli sp. n., PT, Russia, Buryatia; Mondy, 3347PG (coll. PG/HNHM); 45, E. kodara sp. n., HT, Russia, Northern Transbaikalia, Kodar Range, 3344PG (coll. PG/HNHM); 46, Ditto, PT, Russia, Northern Transbaikalia, Kodar Range, 12191GB (GB/ZSM); 47 Ditto, PT, Russia, Northern Transbaikalia, Kodar Range, 8438GB (GB/ZSM).

FIGURES 48–51. Euxoa spp., male (48) and female (49-51) genitalia. 48, E. culminicola, Austria 8449GB (coll. GB/ZSM); 49, E. hyperborea, Magadan reg. IBP76/VK; 50 E. kodara sp. n., HT, Russia, Northern Transbaikalia, Kodar Range, 8440GB (GB/ZSM); 51, E. culminicola, Austria, 8450GB (GB/ZSM).

FIGURES 40–43. Euxoa spp., male genitalia. 40, E. muldersi, Canada (after Lafontaine & Troubridge 2010); 41, E. hyperborea, Russia, Magadanskaya oblast, JK9/15111997 (coll. FNHM);42, E. steideli sp. n., HT, Russia, west Buryatia; Sagan-Shuluta, 8237GB (coll. GB/ZSM); 43, Ditto, PT, 8446GB (coll. GB/ZSM).