Thrinchostoma sjoestedti ( Friese 1909 )

Pauly, Alain & Eardley, Connal, 2013, A Revision of Afrotropical Thrinchostoma de Saussure, 1890 (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae), Belgian Journal of Entomology 12, pp. 1-76 : 57-66

Thrinchostoma sjoestedti ( Friese 1909)

( Figs 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 , 61 , 62 )

Diagonozus sjoestedti Friese, 1909b: 124–125 , ♂ ♀. Male lectotype: Tanzania, Kibonoto am Kilimandjaro, 1300-1900m, 1905, leg. Y. Sjostedt (NHRS, Stockholm, n°NHRS HEVA 000002023 ), designated here. Rasmussen & Ascher 2008: 100.

Halictus (Trichostoma) [!] sjoestedti (Friese) : Friese, 1909a: 128, 152; Strand, 1912: 131.

Thrinchostoma sjoestedti (Friese) : Cockerell, 1910: 506; Cockerell, 1937b: 106.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) sjoestedti (Friese) : Blüthgen, 1930: 496, 498–499, 510, 513– 514, 524, 533–534.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) sjoestedti (Friese) : Michener, 1978: 521–524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 176.

Diagonozus sjoestedti var. rufescens Friese, 1909b: 125 , ♂, ♀. Syntypes: Tanzania, Kibonoto am Kilimandjaro, 1300-1900m, 1905, leg. Y. Sjostedt, and Meru (NHRS). Rasmussen and Ascher, 2008: 92. Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma sjoestedti var. rufescens (Friese) : Cockerell, 1916: 205, (? syn. T. torridum ).

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) sjoestedti var. rufescens (Friese) : Blüthgen, 1929: 29; Blüthgen 1930: 496, 513–514, 524, 533.

Thrinchostoma sjoestedti rufescens (Friese) : Cockerell, 1936: 8.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) sjoestedti var. rufescens (Friese) : Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 176.

Thrinchostoma millari Cockerell, 1916: 205–206 , ♂. Male lectotype: South Africa, Durban, 24.XI.1915, leg. H.M. Millar (DMSA). Cockerell, 1917: 45; Cockerell, 1920: 304; Cockerell, 1933: 25. Syn. nov.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) millari Cockerell : Blüthgen, 1930: 496, 499, 514, 524, 534.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) millari Cockerell : Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly 1999: 155.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) mwangai Blüthgen, 1930: 526–527 , 535, ♀. Female holotype: Uganda, Entebbe, 22.VIII.1911, leg. G.C. Gowdey (BMNH). Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma mwangai Blüthgen : Cockerell, 1936: 9.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) mwangai Blüthgen : Michener, 1978: 524; Pauly, 1999: 155, 174.

Thrincostoma [!] (Thrincostoma [!]) ugandae Blüthgen, 1930: 526–527 , 536, ♀. Female holotype: Uganda, entre Seziwa River et Kampala, 3500-3750ft, 27-31.VIII.1911, leg. S.A. Neave (BMNH). Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma ugandae Blüthgen : Cockerell, 1936: 9.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) ugandae Blüthgen : Michener, 1978: 525; Pauly, 1999: 155, 177.

Thrinchostoma umtaliense Cockerell, 1936: 8 , ♂. Male holotype: Zimbabwe, Xmas Pass, Umtali, 20-21.v.1932 (AMNH). Syn. nov.

Thrinchostoma (Thrinchostoma) umtaliense Cockerell : Michener, 1978: 525; Pauly, 1999: 155.

REMARKS.

The lectotype of T. sjoestedti is designated here. On basis of the pictures sent by H. V. from the Museum of Stockholm and paratypes photographed by one of us ( CE) in the Museum of Berlin all the types belong to the same species .

Syntypes of T. sjoestedti var rufescens could not be found in the Museum of Stockholm. As this species is well known to have black and red forms, the synonymy has been established .

In T. mwangai the type has the scapes orange. Blüthgen reported only a few differences in the key, such as the more polished supraclypeal area. The tergites are not really red, the punctuation of T1 is sparse and the legs are brown. We consider it here as a syn. nov. of T. sjoestedti .

In T. ugandae the type has the terga red and probably corresponds to the variety rufescens . The scutum bears little tomentum and the setae on the last terga are pale. We consider it here as a syn. nov. of T. sjoestedti , resembling T. sjoestedti var rufescens .

T. umtaliellum , a specific name cited in the index of PAULY (1999: 177), followed in the catalog of URBAN & EARDLEY (2010), is a lapsus for T. umtaliense .

DIAGNOSIS. The males of T. sjoestedti have the last segment of the antenna bent, the apical margin of S5 with setae and the hind femora not swollen, as in T. nachtigali .

The females can be identified by their widespread geographic range in East and South Africa while T. petersi , T. productum and T. nachtigali are widespread in West and Central Africa. The metasoma is often brown, sometimes suffused with red ( var rufescens ). The edge of scutum has beige tomentum. T1 is chagrined and with sparse punctures.

MATERIAL.

CAMEROON. W. Cameroun, Fundong , 6°18’N 10°18’E, 21.VII.1987, 1♂, Stachytarpheta sp. , leg. A. Pauly ( RBINS) .

ETHIOPIA. OROMIA. Mechara , 8°36’N 40°19’E, 6-25. XII.2010, Stylosanthes guianensis , 1♂, 5-19. XII.2010, Trichodesma zeylanicum , 1♂, 1♀, 16. I.2011, Trichodesma zeylanicum , 1♂, 1♀, leg. Degefa Weyessa, GTI project ( RBINS) . AMHARA. Hayk , 11°18’N 39°41’E, 17-18. XI.2010, Hypoestes forskaolii , 2♂, 4♀, leg. GTI project ( RBINS) . SOUTHERN. Arba-Minch, Lake Chamo , 5°55’N 37°32’E, 1138m, 19. IX.2012, 3♀, leg . A. Pauly & J. L. Boevé ( RBINS) .

UGANDA. « Westen des Nkole-Landes », 4500-5000 ft, leg. S.A. Neave, 10-14.X.1911, 1♂ ( BMNH) .

R.D. CONGO. Ituri, Mahagi, Niarembe , 18.II.1929, 1♂, leg. A. Collart ( RMCA) . – P.N.G. ( Parc National de la Garamba ), I/o/1, 5.X.1950, 1♂, leg. H. de Saeger ( RMCA) . – Kivu, Manevu , 8.X.1935, 1♂, leg. H. Damas ( RMCA) . – P.N. A. (Parc National Albert = PN Virungas), Kanyabayongo , Kabasha , 1760m, 11.XII.1934, 1♂, leg. G.F. de Witte ( RMCA) .

KENYA. Nanyuki, nr Spoortsman’s Arms Lodge , along stream, 1950m, 25.VIII.1975, 1♂, leg. R. Silberglied ( MCZ) . – Nairobi, Int. Center Ins. Physiol. Ecol. , IV.1982, leg. M.C. Lubega, 1♂, 3♀ ( CIUC) . – Ol Punyata , ca 16 mi N. Nakuru, Nakuru District, 5500ft, 6-9.I.1973, 1♀, leg. J.P. Donahue ( LACM) . – Laragei Springs , 7 mi SW Maralal, Samburu District, 6200ft, 17-22.I.1973, 1♀, leg. J.P. Donahue ( RBINS) .

TANZANIA. Kibonoto am Kilimandjaro, 1300-1900m, 1905, 4♂, 4♀ (paralectotypes), leg. Y. Sjostedt ( MNHUB, NHRS). – Amani, Usambara, XII.1906, leg. Chr. Schroder (Blüthgen, 1930) . – « Afrique Orientale Anglaise », Escarpment, VIII.1906, 1♂, leg. Maurice de Rothschild ( MNHNP). – Meru , im Januar (Mus. Stockholm). – Lake Manyara, 28.VII.1958, 1♂, leg. M.&P. Machris ( LACM). – Lake Manyara, 1000m, 21.X.1957, 1♂, leg. E.S. Ross & R.E. Leech ( CAS). – Iringa, 11.VII.1985, 2♀, leg. G.J. James ( RBINS) .

MOZAMBIQUE. Maputo (= Lourenco Marques), 30.VIII.1963, 1♀, leg. H.N. Empey ( SANC) .

MALAWI. Lilongwe 85 km SE, Decza , 17-19.XII.2001, 1♂, leg. J. Halada ( OOL) .

REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA. Shilouvane , XII, leg. Junod ( MNHUB) (Blüthgen 1930) ). – Barberton , XII.1978, 1♂, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC) . – Bergvliet Forest Station , Sabie, 25°05’S 30°54’E, 26-28.II.1986, 1♂, leg. C.D.Eardley ( SANC) . – Crocodile Bridge , 20.V.1969, 1♂, L.C. Starke ( SANC) . – De Hoek , XI.1978, 2♂, leg. G.L.Prinsloo ( SANC) . – De Kuilen, Lydenburg District , 25°10’S 30°32’E, 12.II.1981, 1♀, leg. C. Moolman, W. Harrop ( SANC) . – Duiwelskloof , 23°42’S 30°06’E, 15.XII.1985, 2♀, leg. J.S. Donaldson ( SANC) . – Duiwelskloof , 11.XII.1963, 1♀, leg. P. Paliatseas ( SANC) . – Fanie Botha Nature Reserve , near Tzaneen, 23°50’S 30°10’E, 2- 6.III.1986, 2♂, leg. J.S. Donaldson ( SANC) . – Fanie Botha Nature Reserve , near Tzaneen, 23°50’S 30°10’E, 2- 6.III.1986, 8♂, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC) . – Hans Merensky Nature Reserve , 23°40’S 30°39’E, 27-30.XI.1981, 1♂, leg. R.G. Oberprieler ( SANC) . – Happy Rest Nature Reserve , 22°59’S 29°46’E, 10.III.1990, 9♂, 4♀, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC) . – Komatipoort , 27.V.1969, 1♀, leg. L.C. Starke ( SANC) . – Kruger National Park , Skukuza ,

24°59’S 31°35’E 292m, I.1985, 6♂, leg. G.L. Prinsloo ( SANC). – Kruger National Park , Pretoriuskop , 25°09’S 31°16’E, 591m, 17.I.1985, 1♀, leg. G.L. Prinsloo ( SANC). – Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve , 24°10’S 30°14’E, 13.II.1989, 1♂, 1♀, leg. V.M. Uys ( SANC). – Lekgalameetse Nature Reserve , 24°10’S 30°14’E, 13.II.1989, 1♂, leg. N. Verheijen ( SANC). – Loskop Dam Nature Reserve , 25°25’S 29°20’E, 12-13.XII.1985, 1♂, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC). – Mac Mac Falls , 10km N Sabie , 25°02’S 30°48’E, 27.II.1986, 1♀, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC). – Mojadji Nature Reserve , 23°38’S 30°20’E, 13-14.I.1987, 1♂, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC). – Swadini , Blydepoort Nature Reserve , 24°32’S 30°54’E, 26-29.I.1987, 1♀, leg. B. Grobbelaar ( SANC). – Thabaphaswa , near Potgietersrus , 24°03’S 29°02’E, 29-30.III.2006, 1♀, leg. J. du Plessis ( SANC). Umbilo , 22.XI.1914, 1♂, leg. L. Bevis (paralectotype). – False Bay , 27.95852S 32.35919E, sandforest, 15.I.2005, 1♀ ( SANC). – Kloof , 20.III.1963, 1♀, leg. H.N. Empey ( SANC). – Kosi Bay , 10-11.II.1990, 15♂, 25♀, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC). – Kuleni Farm, Hulhulwe , 27°54’S 32°22’E, 14.II.1990, 5♂, 16♀, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC). – Vernon Crookes Nature Reserve , Umzinto , 30°17’S 30°37’E, 443m, 25-26.III.1985, 1♀, leg. C.D. Eardley ( SANC). Port St. Johns , 19.III.1969, 1♂, leg. L.C. Starke ( SANC) .

Figures

Fig. 56. Thrinchostoma sjoestedti, male lectotype (a, c, e) and female paratype (b, d, f) in NHRS.

Fig. 57. Thrinchostoma sjoestedti; paratypes in MNHUB (a, b), male and female (Ethiopia) (c, d) and male var. rufescens (Cameroon: Fundong) (e).

Fig. 58. Thrinchostoma sjoestedti, male paratype in MNHUB.

Fig. 59. Thrinchostoma sjoestedti, female paratype (a, b, c, d) and specimen (Ethiopia) (e).

Fig. 60. Female holotype of Thrinchostoma mwangai in BMNH (syn. of T. sjoestedti).

Fig. 61. Female holotype of Thrinchostoma ugandae in BMNH (syn. of T. sjoestedti).

Fig. 62. Distribution map of Thrinchostoma sjoestedti.