Paraclius angustipennis Van Duzee, 1929

Soares, Matheus M. M., Runyon, Justin B., Capellari, Renato S. & Ale-Rocha, Rosaly, 2023, Review of Paraclius arcuatus species-group (Diptera, Dolichopodidae) with description of two new species, Zootaxa 5323 (2), pp. 151-182 : 162-166

Paraclius angustipennis Van Duzee

( Figs 7–10 , 23 )

Paraclius angustipennis Van Duzee, 1929: 42 . Type locality: La Providencia, Guatemala. Diagnosis (males). Postpedicel subrectangular, with rounded apex ( Fig. 8E ). Anepisternum without yellow spot above coxa I ( Figs 7A , 8A ). Legs mostly dark brown, except apex of all coxae, trochanters, tibiae I and II, basal 1/2

of It 1 yellow ( Figs 7A , 8A ). Wing gently brownish; M 1 strongly bowed towards R 4+5, weakly concave posteriorly; CuAx ratio: 0.35 ( Figs 7A , 8A, F ). Male tergite 6 with 4–5 strong lateral setae, 1 mostly offset seta near posterior edge ( Figs 7C , 8D ). Basal apicoventral epandrial seta slightly longer than apical seta, and 3X longer than ventral lobe of surstylus ( Fig. 9B, E ). Ventral lobe of surstylus short, somewhat digitiform, strongly curved anteriorly at base and gently curved ventrally at apex ( Fig. 9B, C, H ). Dorsal lobe of surstylus suboval, weakly sclerotized,

narrowing and with pointed apex, with 1 strong seta at middle of dorsal edge and 1 short and slender preapical seta at ventral edge ( Fig. 9J, K ). Cercus short, oval, about 1/3 as long as epandrium ( Fig. 9B, G ).

Redescription. Male (based on photographs of the male holotype and identified specimens). Body length: 2.2– 2.3 mm; wing length: 2.2–2.3 mm, width: 0.6 mm (n = 2). Head ( Figs 7A, E, F , 8A, C, E ). Similar to P. arcuatus , except as noted: upper-most 5 postocular setae black, remaining setae white. Frons metallic green, covered with dense yellowish gray pruinosity. Face homogeneously obscured by dense silvery pruinosity, face wider than mid ocellus at narrowest point. Antenna wholly dark brown; postpedicel subrectangular, 2X longer than wide, with rounded apex; arista-like stylus dorsal, arising at base of postpedicel, about 4/6 of eye height, two-segmented, first segment short, ending before apex of postpedicel, covered with short pubescence, second segment long, about 2X longer than first segment, covered with short microtrichia. Thorax ( Figs 7A, B , 8A, B ). Mesonotum with weak coppery to purple reflections. Pleura dark gray, covered with dense silvery pruinosity, with weak greenish and coppery reflections mainly on anepisternum and katepisternum. Metepimeron dark gray. Chaetotaxy: Scutellum with 1 pair of strong medial scutellars and 1 pair of smaller setae laterad, about 1/5 as long as medial scutellars; upper-surface of proepisternum with a few pale setulae and 2 short setae in front of anterior spiracle. Wing ( Figs 7A , 8F ). Membrane gently brownish; M 1 strongly bowed towards R 4+5 and weakly concave posteriorly; CuAx ratio: 0.35. Halter yellow. Legs ( Figs 7A , 8A ). Mostly brown to dark brown, except apex of all coxae, trochanters, tibiae I and II from basal 1/6, and basal 1/2 of It 1 yellow. Leg. I. Podomere ratios: 25, 22, 10/3/3/2/3. Anterior surface of coxa I covered with silvery pruinosity, with short vestiture of setae; apical edge with 2–3 strong setae. Femur I with anteroventral row of short setae, ending in 3 more conspicuous preapical setae, 1 posteroventral preapical seta. Tarsus I unmodified. Leg. II. Podomere ratios: 30, 32, 17/10/9/6/4. Femur II with anteroventral row of short setae from base to apical 5/6 (about 1/2 as long as width of femur at broadest point), ending in 2 more conspicuous preapical setae, 1 longer posteroventral preapical seta, 1 strong anterior seta. Leg. III. Podomere ratios: 33, 44, 12/15/12/9/5. Lateral surface of coxa III with 1 strong and 1 slender seta on apical half, apical edge of anterior surface with 1 long seta. Femur III laterally compressed, about 1.3X wider than femur II at broadest point; with basal 4/6 of dorsal surface covered by short dense setae, ventral to anteroventral row of setae from base to apical 5/6, ending in 1 more conspicuous preapical seta, 1 strong anterodorsal seta, and 2 short posteroventral preapical setae. Abdomen ( Figs 7A–C , 8A, D , 9A, F ). Metallic green, with bluish and coppery reflections. Posterior margin of tergite 5 with long setae, but not overlapping posterior margin of tergite 6. Tergite 6 with lateral row of 4 short, strong setae and 1 upper offset seta. Tergite 7 long and glabrous, with long and narrow concavity at posterior 3/4. Sternite 5 with two 0-shaped sclerites more sclerotized posteriorly. Hypopygium ( Fig. 9B–E, G–K ). Epandrium dark brown, long and narrow, about 2.5X longer than high, with acute apicoventral lateral ridge ( Fig. 9B ). Basal apicoventral epandrial seta slightly longer than apical seta, and 3X longer than ventral lobe of surstylus ( Fig. 9B ). Ventral lobe of surstylus short, somewhat digitiform (varying from slightly wide ( Fig. 9B, C ) to more slender ( Fig. 9H )), strongly curved anteriorly at base and gently curved ventrally at apex, with short stout modified apical seta, 1 short dorsal seta near base, inserted on short protuberance, 1 short seta at middle of outer edge ( Fig. 9B, C, H, J, K ). Dorsal lobe of surstylus suboval, weakly sclerotized, narrowing, with pointed apex, with 1 strong seta at middle of dorsal edge and 1 slender preapical seta at ventral edge. Postgonite plain, well sclerotized and slightly curved ventrally at apex ( Fig. 9C ). Proctiger plain, well sclerotized ( Fig. 9C ). Hypandrium wide, trough-shaped, with weak connection to epandrium basally, free laterally; apex bifurcate, membranous and asymmetrical, somewhat arrow-shaped in ventral view; lateral margin with 2 dentiform preapical process, apicalmost process bifid; base of hypandrium projecting up inside epandrial capsule, cradling phallus ( Fig. 9B, I ). Phallus strongly sclerotized, divided in two narrow arms, abruptly narrowing at apex; both arms with 1 subapical short process, preceded by fringe of short spines ( Fig. 9B–D ); ejaculatory apodeme long, about 1/2 as long as epandrium, slightly widening towards apex, laterally compressed and well sclerotized ( Fig. 9B, C ); sperm pump short, somewhat pipe-shaped, about 1/2 as long as ejaculatory apodeme ( Fig. 9B, C ). Cercus short, oval, brown, yellow at base, about 1/3 as long as epandrium; outer surface covered with short setae; ventral and apical edges with long and sparse setae ( Fig. 9B, G ). Female ( Fig. 10 ). Body length: 2.9–3.0 mm; wing length: 2.4–2.5 mm (n = 2). Similar to male, except as noted: postpedicel short, suboval, about as long as wide ( Fig. 10C ); second segment of arista-like stylus 4X longer than first segment ( Fig. 10C ); face and clypeus wide, both wider than ocellar tubercle ( Fig. 10B ). Abdomen with 5 visible and setose segments ( Fig. 10A ). Terminalia as in P. arcuatus , except as noted: tergite 10 divided medially into hemitergites each bearing 4 spines and 1 minute lateral seta.

Type material examined. HOLOTYPE ♁ (based on photographs) ( Fig. 7 ) labelled as: “[ GUATEMALA], La Providencia [ca 14°38′43.7″N 90°26′56.6″W] | ObispoGuate”; “ JM Aldrich | Coll”; “iv–14.26”; “ Paraclius | angustipennis [handwritten] | Holotype Van Duzee”; “Type No. | 41053 | U.S.N.M. [red label]” ( NMNH) . Holotype condition: Both antennae with apex of postpedicel broken off and hypopygium missing.

Additional material examined. MEXICO: nr jet rts 190, 200 [Mexican Federal Highways 190 and

200], Chiapas [ca 16°32′48.2″N 92°33′18.8″W], 21.v.1963 (1 ♁, dissected, CNC); nr km 220 rt 185 Oaxaca

[ ca 17°04′36.1″N 96°43′27.2″W], Mex , Aug 9, 1962 [09.viii.1962]” (1 ♁, dissected INPA) ; Chiapas, Arriaga [16°14′33.5″N 93°54′13.1″W] 22.05.1963 (1 ♀, INPA; 1 ♀, dissected, CNC) .

Remarks. Paraclius angustipennis possesses a densely pruinose frons and mostly brown legs, similar to P. pumilio and P. xibun sp. nov., but can be differentiated from both species by the IIt 1 wholly dark brown ( Figs 7A , 8A , 10A ), and the phallus with subapical fringe of spines ( Fig. 9B, C, D ) (IIt 1 yellow on basal 1/2, and phallus plain, lacking subapical fringe of spines in P. pumilio and P. xibun sp. nov.). Van Duzee (1929: 42) described P. angustipennis as a female, but examination of photographs of the holotype reveals that it is a male with the hypopygium broken off.

Distribution. Guatemala and newly recorded from Mexico (Chiapas) ( Fig. 23 ).

Figures

FIGURE 7. Paraclius angustipennis Van Duzee, 1929, male holotype (NMNH). A–B. Habitus, lateral and dorsal views, respectively; C. Abdominal segments 5 and 6; D. Labels; E–F. Head, anterior and anterolateral views, respectively. Images B, C, E originally lacked scale bars. Photographs by Alyssa Seemann, NMNH.

FIGURE 8. Paraclius angustipennis Van Duzee, 1929, identified male specimen from Mexico (CNC). A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Thorax, dorsal view; C. Head, anterior view; D. Abdomen, lateral view; E. Left antenna, outer view; F. Left wing.

FIGURE 9. Paraclius angustipennis Van Duzee, 1929, identified male specimen from Mexico (CNC). A. Abdomen, ventral view; B. Hypopygium, left lateral view; C. Internal appendages, left lateral view; D. Apical part of phallus; E. Apical edge of epandrium; F. Tergite 6, lateral view; G. Right cercus, outer view; H. Left ventral surstylus, outer view; I. Hypandrium, ventral view; J–K. Surstyli, left and right lateral views, respectively. Abbreviations: a apv s = apical apicoventral epandrial seta; b apv s = basal apicoventral epandrial seta; cerc = cercus; dsur = dorsal lobe of surstylus; ej apod = ejaculatory apodeme; epand = epandrium; hypd = hypandrium; hypd pr = hypandrial process; pgt = postgonite; ph = phallus; ph pr = phallus process; prct = proctiger; sp = sperm pump; st = sternite; tg = tergite; vsur = ventral lobe of surstylus.

FIGURE 10. Paraclius angustipennis Van Duzee, 1929, identified female specimen from Mexico (CNC). A. Habitus, lateral view; B. Head, anterior view; C. Left antenna, outer view.

FIGURE 23. Known geographic distribution of Paraclius angusticauda Van Duzee, 1933, P. angustipennis Van Duzee, 1929, P. brooksi sp. nov., P. elongatus Van Duzee, 1930 and P. xibun sp. nov.