Wissadula parviflora

Bovini, Massimo G. & Baumgratz, José Fernando A., 2016, Taxonomic revision of Wissadula (Malvoideae, Malvaceae) in Brazil, Phytotaxa 243 (3), pp. 201-234 : 227-229

16. Wissadula parviflora (A.St.-Hil.) R.E.Fr. (1908:46). Abutilon parviflorum A. St. -Hil. (1827: 201). Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais, inter povoado Formigas et monte Serra da Canastra, in sylvis prope praedium vulgo Fazenda da D. Thomasia, Voyage 1816–1821, St.-Hilaire 344 (holotype: P!, RB, photo!).

Abutilon parviflorum var. lutea A. St. -Hil. (1827: 202). Syn. nov. Type:— BRAZIL. São Paulo, prope urbem, without date, fl., St.-Hilaire s.n. (holotype: P!).

Shrubs 1–3 m tall, erect. Branches canescent, rarely puberolous, trichomes ferruginous, fasciculate minute and fasciculate-stipitate, sometimes stipitate. Stipules 0.8–0.9 cm long., lanceolate or lanceolate-linear, free, caducous, hirsutulous, trichomes fasciculate-stipitate, few trichomes simple. Leaves with petiole 1.5–10 cm long, pubescent, trichomes fasciculate minute and fasciculate-stipitate; lamina 3.5–18 × 3–9.5 cm, membranaceous, green discolor, deltoid, cordiform to lanceolate, base cordate, apex acute to cuspidate, margin entire, sometimes only the young crenated; adaxial surface hirsute, trichomes hyaline, simple and glandular, sometimes fasciculate in midrib vein; abaxial surface velutinous, trichomes hyaline, sometimes ferrugineous on midrib vein, fasciculate and fasciculate-stipitate. Synflorescence frondose-bracteate, pyramidal, lax; coflorescence double-racemes, 10–20 cm long; acessory axis reduced, 2(–3) flowers; anthopodium 2–2.5 cm long, pubescent, trichomes fasciculate minute and fasciculate-stipitate. Flowers with pedicel 10–12 mm long, indumentum and trichomes similar to those on the to anthopodium; calyx ca. 5 mm long, sepals free to the middle below to medium portion, few accrescent in fruit, adaxial surface pubescent, trichomes fasciculate, minute, fasciculate-stipitate, and simple, long; corolla 1–1.1 cm diam, yellow, without dark center; staminal column with few trichomes hyaline, simple and fasciculate-stipitate, free portion of filaments ca. 3 mm long, few trichomes hyaline, simple; ovary (4–)5 celled, 3 ovules per cell; style ca. 3 mm long. Schizocarp 1.8–2 cm diam, 5 mericarps, 14–15 × 5–6 mm, spines 2.5–4 mm long, constriction conspicuous, puberulous, trichomes glandular, few simple and fasciculate; seeds 3, ca. 3 mm long, hilum tomentose, trichomes simple ( Figs. 8a–c ).

Representative Specimens Examined — BRAZIL. Bahia: Joazeiro , 26 March 2000, fl., fr., G. Cavalcanti et al. 52 ( ALCB, RB) . Goiás: Brasília , 16 June 1966, fl., J. Ramos 6665 ( CTES) ; S. of Brasília, on road to Belo Horizonte , 16 July 1966, fl., fr., H. S. Irwin et al. 18243 ( CTES, IAN, NY, RB) . Minas Gerais: Barroso , 03 May 2003, fl., fr., L. C. S. Assis et al. 826 ( CESJ, RB) ; Belo Horizonte , 09 April 1951, fl., fr., G. A. Black 12208 ( IAN) ; Caldas , 24 January 1980, fl., fr., A. Krapovickas & C. L. Cristobal 35471 ( CTES, ICN) ; Cambuí, April 1973, fl., fr., H. Monteiro 3873 ( RBR). Corinto , 22 April 1931, fl., fr., Y. Mexia 5688 (R) ; Juiz de Fora , 25 March 2008, fl., fr., L. M. Neto et al. 493 ( CESJ) ; Lima Duarte, Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca , 17 May 2006, fl., fr., R. C. Forzza 4185 ( RB) ; estrada para moreiras, 21 April 2010, fl., fr., M.G. Bovini 3150 ( RB) ; Monte verde, 07 April 1988, fl., fr., H. F. Leitão-Filho & T. Lewinsch 20193 ( UEC) ; Sete Lagoas , July 1937, fl., fr., H. Monteiro 1724 ( RBR) ; Viçosa , campus da UFV, 24 October 2006, fr., M. G. Bovini et al. 2618 ( RB) . Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia, estrada Itamonte-Alagoa , 15 May 2007, fl., fr., R. Marquete et al. 4063 ( RB) ; Marambaia , ilha, 26 November 2007, fl.., V. Santana s.n. ( RBR) ; Nova Friburgo , 14 August 1977, fl., fr., C. Ramalho & Adalís 595 ( CTES, RB, RBR) ; Paraty , estrada para o rio dos Meros, 17 March 2006, fl., M. G. Bovini et al. 2558 ( RB) ; Petrópolis , distrito de Côrreas, 19 June 2000, fl., fr., A. C. Aguiar et al. 06 ( RB) ; Teresópolis , 08 September 1942, fl., fr., B. Lutz 1955 (R) . São Paulo: Águas da Prata , 10 May 1944, fl., fr., A. S. Lima s.n. ( SP 51798 ) ; Araçaíba , 16. August 1920, fl., F. C. Hoehne s.n. ( SP 3925 ) ; Campinas , 08 August 1982, fl., fr., M. Sazima 14186 ( UEC) ; 14 September 1989, fl., L. C. Bernacci s.n. ( UEC 99066 ) ; Cabras , 10 April 1986, fl., fr., N. Taroda et al. s.n. ( UEC 43380 ) ; Cunha , 26 February 1940, fr., A. P. Viegas & J. Kiehl s.n. ( IAN, SP) ; Embu , 12 June 1977, fl., fr., R. Monteiro 4010 ( UEC) ; entre Itatiba e Campinas , 15 August 1976, fl., fr., P. H. Davis 59741 ( MBM, UEC) ; Ibiúna , 06 April 1999, fl., I. Cordeiro et al. 1943 ( SP) ; Itabera, Reserva Ecológica , 15 August 1998, fl., fr., J. Tamashiro 1283 ( SP) ; Jaraguá , 30 March 1913, fl., A. C. Brade 7367 ( SP) ; Jundiaí , 12 April 1994, fl., L. C. Bernarcci et al. 83 ( IAC, SP, UEC) ; Queluz, fazenda Itapoã , 03 June 1996, fl., fr., P. T. Sano et al. 125 ( SPF) ; Serra do Japi , 22 September 1983, fl., fr., M. Sugiyama & S. C. Chiea 15548 ( UEC) ; Manduri, Estação Experimental , 26 July 1991, fr., J. V. Godoi et al. 112 ( SP) ; São Paulo, Reserva da Cidade Universitária , 14 May 1996, fr., M. Groppo 142 ( SP, SPF) ; São Roque , 22 May 1977, fl., M. Sakare 585 ( SP) . Paraná: Bromado , 25 March 1986, fl., fr., J. M. Silva 109 & A. Carvalho ( FLOR, MBM) ; Castro, Abapã , 28 February 1961, fr., G. Hatschbach 7759 ( RBR) ; Curitiba, Jardim Botânico , 22 February 1994, fl., fr., J. M. Silva & J. Cordeiro 1300 ( CTES, MBM) ; Guarapuava, Cantagalo , 1971, fl., fr., G. Hatschbach 24138 ( MBM, RB, UEC) ; Ivaí, Faxinal , 15 March 1972, fl., G. Hatschbach 29306 ( CTES, MBM) ; Palmeira , Rod. BR 277, 08 March 1984, fl., fr., G. Hatschbach 47585 ( CTES, MBM) ; Pinhão, Barbaqua , 07 March 1967, fl., fr., J. Lindeman 4674 ( MBM) ; Pitanga , rodovia BR-466, 18 February 2004, fl., fr., G. Hatschbach et al. 76783 ( CTES, MBM) ; Porto Vitória , 08 January 1985, fl., fr., A. Krapovickas & C. L. Cristobal 39593 ( CTES, MBM) ; Rio Branco do Sul, Quebrada Funda , 31 March 1970, fr., G. Hatschbach 24070 ( CTES, MBM) . Santa Catarina: Bocaiúva do Sul, Palmital , 10 February 1987, fl., fr., E. F. Parciornik & P. I. Oliveira 342 ( ICN, MBM) ; na encruzilhada de Caçador-Videira, 25 February 1960, fl., fr., J. Mattos & N. Mattos 7608 ( HAS) ; Lajes, em Piurras , 17 February 1958, fl., fr., J. Mattos s.n. ( HAS 85778 ) ; São Miguel do Oeste , rio das Flores, 01 March 1964, fl., fr., A. Castellanos 24763 ( GUA) . Rio Grande do Sul: Carazinho , 10 April 1986, fr., N. Mattos & M. Bassan 335 ( HAS) .

Etymology— The epithet parviflora refers to its small flowers.

Distribution— The species occurs in Argentina and Brazil. In Brazil, it is found in the states of Bahia and in southeastern and southern regions.

Note— Wissadula parviflora is identified by its large mericarps, with long spines (2.5 to 4 mm). It also has simple trichomes, resembling bristles, on the adaxial surface of the leaves and branches and petioles with fasciculate-stipitate trichomes, sometimes visible to the naked eye in some specimens. In the type material, mericarp spines typically measure ca. 2.5 mm, but a small variation in size may occur, since Saint-Hilaire (1827) based his description on a single specimen. Fries (1908) analyzed several other materials, and, using the original description as a basis for comparison, he stated that the long spines of this species are the longest in the genus.

The yellow flowers do not sustain Abutilon parviflorum var. lutea as an intraspecific taxon, as previously stated by Fries (1908). Hence, we considered it as a synonym of W. parviflora .

Schumann (1891), in Flora Brasiliensis , apparently ignored the species described by Saint-Hilaire (1827), and ascribed the material of W. parviflora to W. hernandioides (Monsén 411, Regnell 22) and W. patens (= W. excelsior ).

Figures

FIGURE 8. Wissadula parviflora (A.St.-Hil.) R.E.Fr. a. fertile branch. b. detail of branch. c. fruit. W. periplocifolia (L.) C. Presl. ex Thwaites. d. fertile branch. e. detail of branch. f. fruit. W. setifera Krapov. g. fertile branch. h. detail of branch. i. fruit. W. wissadifolia (Griseb.) Krapov. j. fertile branch. k. detail of branch. l. fruit. (a–c: Assis 826, CESJ, RB; d–f: Campelo 641, RB, RBR; g–i: Hatschbach 74665, CTES, MBM; j–k: Bovini 2675, RB; l: Nee 45932, CTES). Scale bars: a, d, g, j = 5 cm; b, h = 1 mm; c, e, f, I, k, l = 2 mm.