Colletes flavipilosus Ferrari, 2017

Ferrari, Rafael R., 2017, Taxonomic revision of the species of Colletes Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Colletinae) found in Chile, Zootaxa 4364 (1), pp. 1-137 : 56-57

Colletes flavipilosus Ferrari , new species

( Figs. 26A–F )

Diagnosis. Colletes flavipilosus n. sp. can be readily diagnosed through the combination of body pubescence paleyellow, mesepisternal interspaces imbricate, T1–T5 covered with appressed hairs (except T 1 in males), and marginal zones of metasomal terga pale-yellow, contrasting with the black discs.

Colletes flavipilosus n. sp. is most similar to C. patagonicus , but these species can be easily differentiated from each other by the overall pale-yellow mesosomal pubescence in the former (in C. patagonicus , the scutellar and metanotal pubescence is ferruginous, which strongly contrasts with the partially (females) to entirely (males) paleyellow mesoscutal pubescence); and by T2–T5 covered with appressed hairs in C. flavipilosus n. sp. (T2–T5 with erect hairs only, in C. patagonicus ).

Description. FEMALE ( Figs. 26A, 26C, 26E ): Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 7.2; head width 2.8; head length 2.2; intertegular distance 2.2; forewing length 6.1.

Colouration: Black except dark-brown on wing veins (except vein R of forewing black), distitarsi (except distal 1/4 pale-brown). Pale-yellow on tibial spurs, marginal zones of T1–T5 and S1–S5. Pale-brown on proximal half of tarsal-claws, ventrally reflexed lateral areas of T1, mid-longitudinal band of S6. Reddish-brown on distal half tarsal claws; marked on distal half of mandible.

Structure: Labrum medially convex; convexity not margined by ridges. Clypeal mid-longitudinal area evenly shallowly and narrowly (0.4x MOD) depressed on upper 4/5; adjacent lateral area convex; apicomedial ridge absent. Malar area ~1.4x as long as basal depth of mandible (43:30). F1 ~1.3x as long as its apical width (28:22). UID:LID (61:58). Genal area flat behind upper summit of compound eyes in lateral view. Dorsolateral angle of pronotum rounded dorsolaterally. Horizontal surface of metapostnotum ~0.5x as long as metanotum (17:35); metapostnotal pits well-delimited; posterior transverse carina sinuous and interrupted medially. Posteromedial surface of front coxa without spine. Posterior hind tibial spur ciliate. Hind basitarsus ~3.8x longer than broad (49:13). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws ~ 2x as long as inner rami (22:12). Posterolateral area of S6 convex but without ridge; marginal zone depressed.

Pubescence: Pale-yellow throughout (except paraocular area with pale-yellow and black hairs intermingled). Plumose, erect, moderately long on lateral slopes of clypeus and supraclypeal area, pronotal lobe, ventral surface of mid trochanter, ventral margin of mid femur, mid and hind coxae, S1; such hairs long on interantennal, frontal and genal (except very long near proboscidial fossa) areas, mesoscutum, scutellum, metepisternum, anteroventral surface of front trochanter and femur, ventral surface of hind trochanter; very long on vertexal area, metanotum, mesepisternum, upper margin of lateral surface of propodeum. Erect, moderately short setae on dorsal surface of hind tibia and basitarsi; moderately long on mandible, ventral surface of front coxa, posterior margin of basitarsi (except very long on hind basitarsus). Suberect, short setae on dorsal surface of front and mid tibiae; thicker setae on ventral surface of mid and hind tarsi; thickest towards distal margin. Suberect, very long hairs, which are branched only apically on anterior surface of hind femur and tibia. T1–T5 covered with dense appressed hairs (except slightly sparser on T1); T1–T3 also with plumose, erect, moderately long hairs (except long on T1); T4–T5 also with erect, moderately long setae (T5 with pale-yellow and black hairs intermixed). S2 with erect, short hairs, which are branched only apically. Discs of S3–S5 covered with suberect, short setae; erect, longer on marginal zone; marginal zones of S3–S4 also with a line of plumose hairs. S6 largely bare.

Surface sculpture: Clypeal mid-longitudinal depression moderately finely and moderately densely punctate; adjacent convex area with very sparse punctures; interspaces smooth and shiny throughout. Malar area sparsely and moderately finely punctate on upper half; interspaces imbricate. Supraclypeal area with very sparse, moderately fine punctures near lateral slopes; interspaces imbricate. Paraocular area punctures crowded and moderately coarse below; moderately fine and moderately dense above. Frontal area moderately finely and moderately sparsely punctate; interspaces rugulose and dull. Vertexal area finely and densely punctate; interspaces rugulose (except rugose near ocellus and eye). Mesoscutum moderately finely and moderately densely punctate (except sparsely punctate on mid-posterior area); interspaces smooth and shiny. Scutellum sparsely and moderately finely punctate (except finely and densely near posterior margin); interspaces imbricate. On metanotum, punctures limits very difficult to discern from the rugulose interspaces. Mesepisternum moderately sparsely and moderately finely (except densely punctate near scrobe); interspaces imbricate. Metepisternum rugose above; obliquely striate medially; rugulose below. Lateral surface of propodeum rugose. Upper margin of vertical surface of metapostnotum imbricate medially. Metasomal terga minutely and sparsely punctate; interspaces smooth. S2–S5 finely and densely punctate laterally; sparsely punctate mid-longitudinally; interspaces imbricate. S6 sparsely and moderately finely punctate.

MALE ( Figs. 26B, 26D, 26F ). As in female, except for usual secondary sexual characteristics and as follows:

Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 6.9; head width 2.7; head length 2.1; intertegular distance 2.2; forewing length 6.0.

Colouration: Mandibular reddish-brown spot restricted to distal 1/3. Tegula dark-brown. Wing veins palebrown. Marginal zones of T6 and S6 pale-yellow.

Structure: Clypeal mid-longitudinal area evenly shallowly and broadly (0.7x MOD) depressed. Malar area ~1.4x as long as basal depth of mandible (49:24). F1 ~1.2x as long as its apical width (30:24). UID:LID (61:53). Genal area concave behind upper summit of compound eyes in lateral view. Horizontal surface of metapostnotum 0.4x as long as metanotum (16:40); metapostnotal pits poorly-delimited. Hind basitarsus ~ 3x longer than broad (45:12). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws 1.8x as long as inner rami (18:10). Posterolateral area of S6 convex but without ridge; marginal zone depressed. S7, S8 and genital capsule as in Figs. 27A, 27B, 27C , respectively.

Pubescence: Genal area with a line of black hairs near eye. Disc of T1 not covered with appressed hairs; on T2–T5, appressed hairs much sparser (integument not obscured). Marginal zone of S3 with setae only. S6 covered with erect, short setae.

Surface sculpture: Mid-longitudinal depression densely punctate. Vertexal area punctures crowded. Mesoscutal interspaces imbricate. Scutellum densely punctate. Upper area of vertical surface of propodeum rugose. Metasomal tergal imbrication restricted to marginal zones; punctation dense and moderately fine (except sparse on T1 mid-longitudinally); T1 with rugulose interspaces. S6 densely punctate laterally.

Type material. Holotype ♀ —“ CHILE Region VII; Laguna del Teno , 2548m; -35.10666 -70.53926; 26.i.2016, L. Packer ”. “ CCDB-28313 F09 ”. “HOLOTYPE; Colletes flavipilosus ♀; Ferrari, new species”. { PCYU}.

Paratypes: CHILE — Region V: Portillo, (-32.837, -70.129), 2874m, 30/xii/2008, [L.Packer], 1♂, { PCYU}. Region Metropolitana: Valle Nevado, (-33.362, -70.257), 2667m, 31/xii/2008, [L.Packer], 1♂, { PCYU}. Region VII: El Planchón , (-34.149, -70.530), 1149m, 1/ii/2003, [A.Ugarte], 1♂, { PCYU}. Laguna del Maule, (-36.020, - 70.499), 2352m, 5/i/2009, [L.Packer], 1♀ 7♂♂, { PCYU}; idem, except 29/xii/2006, [Packer & Gravel], 1♂ . Portillo , (-32.851, -70.134), 2608m, 30/xii/2008, [L.Packer], 1♂, { PCYU}. W of Laguna del Maule, (-35.999, - 70.426), 2384m, [L.Packer], 1♂, { PCYU}. Region IX: Questa las Raices, (-38.429, -71.448), 1591m, 4/i/2013, [L.Packer], 1♂, { PCYU}.

Range. Chile (Regions V–IX). See also Fig. 10C .

Biogeographic distribution. Andean region: Central Chilean sub-region (Coquimban and Santiagan provinces); Subantarctic sub-region (Maule province). Central Chilean species distributed at altitudes of 1100– 2900m a.s.l.

DNA barcode. Available. BOLD: ACV1795 (1♀), BOLD: AAO3408 (1♀3♂♂). Specimens with different BINs were caught in the same locality on the same date (see Table 1). Distance between BINs: 0.64–2.41%. Distance from the nearest neighbour ( C. patagonicus ): 3.22–3.82%.

Floral hosts. Boraginaceae— Phacelia sp. Loasaceae— Loasa filicifolia Poepp.

Etymology. Refers to the fact that the species is entirely covered with pale-yellow pubescence.

Comments. Colletes flavipilosus n. sp. is remarkably similar to C. patagonicus in terms of structure (including male terminalia) and surface sculpture. However, C. flavipilosus n. sp. and C. patagonicus can be easily distinguished from one another by their unique patterns of mesosomal and metasomal pubescence (refer to “Diagnosis”, above). Moreover, these species have not been found occurring sympatrically, nor even parapatrically: C. flavipilosus n. sp. ranges from Regions V to IX (southernmost latitude: -38.429), whereas C. patagonicus is found in the far south of South America, ranging from the Chilean Regions X (northernmost latitude: -40.754) to XII and from the Argentinean provinces of Río Negro, Chubut and Santa Cruz. Besides, females of these species seem to visit different plant families: C. flavipilosus n. sp. has been found foraging on flowers of Phacelia Juss. (Boraginaceae) and Loasa Adans. (Loasaceae) , while C. patagonicus visits Nepeta (Lamiaceae) and Trifolium (Leguminosae) . Therefore, recognition of two distinct species is supported by morphological, geographic and floral evidence.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Geographic distribution by Colletes species. (A) C. atripes and C. patagonicus; (B) C. rutilans and C. bicolor; (C) C. chusmiza and C. flavipilosus n. sp. The records of C. rutilans out of Chile have not been plotted. Scale bars approximately 300 km.

FIGURE 26. Colletes flavipilosus Ferrari, n. sp. Female: (A) habitus, lateral view; (C) face, frontal view; (E) habitus, dorsal view.Male:(B) habitus, lateral view; (D) face, frontalview; (F) habitus, dorsal view.Scale bars = 2mm.

FIGURE27.Dorsal view of themale terminalia of C.flavipilosus n.sp. (A) S7;(B)S8; (C)genital capsule.Scalebars = 1mm.