Cacama

Sanborn, Allen F., Heath, Maxine S., Phillips, Polly K. & Heath, James E., 2011, The genus Cacama Distant, 1904 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) with the description of three new species, Zootaxa 2897, pp. 35-50 : 37

Key to the species of Cacama

1. Rostrum reaching beyond posterior margin of abdominal sternite II.......................... C. longirostris (Distant)

- Rostrum not reaching to posterior margin of abdominal sternite I............................................... 2

2. Basal areas of forewings and hind wings marked with orange or red............................................ 3

- Basal areas of forewings and hind wings black, brown, ochraceous, and/or gray................................... 6

3. Pronotum and mesonotum marked with tawny or ochraceous.................................................. 4

- Pronotum and mesonotum primarily black or marked with dark brown.......................................... 5

4. Pronotal markings expanded, large medial marking and markings on disc, hind margin of pronotum tawny, mesonotal markings thick including markings on disc between posterior parapsidal suture and posterior margin, basal cell of forewing opaque, lateral male operculum straight, female operculum posterolateral margin rounded, uncus lobes bent at approximate right angle, found in southern Texas and northeastern Mexico............................................. C. variegata Davis

- Pronotal markings reduced to small medial line, lateral spots may be present, hind margin of pronotum black, mesonotal markings reduced to thin line along parapsidal suture and on cruciform elevation, basal cell of forewing partly translucent, lateral male operculum sinuate, female operculum posterolateral margin angulate, uncus lobes arched, found in California and northwestern Mexico into Baja California....................................................... C. californica Davis

5. Hind margin of pronotum castaneous-brown, lateral margin of male operculum strongly concave near base, rostrum reaching to posterior trochanters, found in California and Baja California............................. C. crepitans (Van Duzee)

- Hind margin of pronotum black, lateral margin of male operculum straight at base, rostrum reaching to middle of posterior coxae, found in central Mexico.......................................................... C. dissimilis (Distant)

6. Pronotum or mesonotum without tawny or ochraceous markings................................................ 7

- Pronotum or mesonotum with tawny or ochraceous markings................................................. 8

7. Black species, basal cell of forewing partly translucent, tergites 2–4 with lateral pruinose spots, rostrum reaching to anterior margin of posterior coxae, male operculum not reaching posterior margin of sternite II, female sternites covered with long white pile, found in central Mexico....................................................... C. carbonaria Davis

- Brown or black species, basal cell of forewing opaque, tergites 2–4 without lateral pruinose spots, rostrum reaching to sternite I, male operculum extending beyond posterior margin of sternite II, female sternites with short silvery pile, found in southern Mexico and Central America............................................................. C. maura (Distant)

8. Body length less than 20 mm, found in central Mexico ( Fig. 1 )............................ C. pygmaea Sanborn sp. n.

- Body length greater than 20 mm ......................................................................... 9

9. Basal area of forewings and hind wings ochraceous, basal cell almost completely opaque, found in Baja California Sur............................................................................................ C. furcata Davis

- Basal area of forewings and hind wings black, brown and/or gray, basal cell with posteriolateral translucent area......... 10

10. First abdominal tergite black............................................................................ 11

- First abdominal tergite ochraceous...................................................................... 12

11. Linear mark on pronotal midline, cruciform elevation marked with black on midline, white pruinosity covering tergite 1, venter orange and ochraceous, lateral margin of male operculum sinuate, median uncus lobes not constricted at junction with lateral uncus lobes, female sternites lacking white pile, found in California and Baja California.......... C. californica Davis

- Small marks lateral to pronotal midline, cruciform elevation without black on midline, tergite 1 without white pruinosity, venter black and testaceous, lateral margin of male operculum strongly curved at base, median uncus lobes constricted at junction with lateral uncus lobes, female sternites with long white pile, found in central Mexico.............. C. carbonaria Davis

12. Lateral mesonotum with series of three pruinose spots, parapsidal suture black or lightly marked, median uncus lobe expanding before constricting to apex, found in central Texas ( Fig. 2 )................ C. collinaplaga Sanborn and Heath sp. n.

-. Lateral mesonotum with continuous pruinosity, parapsidal suture clearly marked, median uncus lobes angled straight toward apex............................................................................................. 13

13. Male opercula black and straw colored, reaching to sternite III, ventral surface ochraceous, rostrum barely reaching posterior coxae, found across the western United States and northern Mexico................................ C. valvata (Uhler)

- Male opercula primarily orange, reaching to sternite IV, ventral surface orange, rostrum reaching to middle of posterior coxae, found in the Sonoran Desert ( Fig. 3 )........................................... C. moorei Sanborn and Heath sp. n.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Cacama pygmaea Sanborn sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B – E = 2 mm, and F – H = 1 mm.

FIGURE 2. Cacama collinaplaga Sanborn and Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B – E = 2 mm, and F – H = 1 mm.

FIGURE 3. Cacama moorei Sanborn and Heath sp. n. (A) Holotype male and paratype female habitus. (B) Holotype male dorsum. (C) Holotype male timbal cover. (D) Paratype male operculum. (E) Paratype female operculum. (F) Paratype male lateral view of genitalia. (G) Paratype male posterior view of genitalia. (H) Paratype female lateral view of genitalia. (I) Paratype female ventral view of genitalia. Scale for A = 2 cm, B – E = 2 mm, F – H = 1 mm.