Bothynus araya Duarte & Grossi, 2020

Duarte, Paulo R. M. & Grossi, Paschoal C., 2020, Bothynus entellus (LePeletier & Serville) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Dynastinae) species group: taxonomic revision and description of two new species, Zootaxa 4750 (1), pp. 101-121 : 111-113

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4750.1.5
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:1A3B7CFF-292B-46AB-82E8-C78BA34618EC
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3706213
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E31B7A-5908-FFA8-FF6C-FB94BCF7F844
treatment provided by	Plazi
scientific name	Bothynus araya Duarte & Grossi
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Bothynus araya Duarte & Grossi , new species

( Figs. 5 View FIGURE 5 A–F; 7B; 8E; 9E; 10D, F; 12E)

Diagnosis. Both sexes of B. araya are similar to B. entellus ; however B. araya can be distinguished using the following characters: stridulatory apparatus with well-marked carinae near to basal margin in both sexes ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ); parameres with lateral “flaps” distinctly as narrow as basal half ( Fig. 8E View FIGURE 8 ); female differ from the females of other species in this group by the pronotum with weakly punctate concavity and smooth discal area ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ) and proventrite with a long furrow at anterolateral angles ( Fig. 10F View FIGURE 10 ).

Etymology. The specific epithet is named as tribute to the grandmother of the first author. The name “araya” originates from the Tupi-Guarani dialect, meaning “grandmother”. This name should be treated as a noun in apposition.

Type material. Holotype not dissected. Brasil: Paraná: Guarapuava , 3.IV.2012, Oliveira. G.B. – 1♂ ( CERPE) . Paratypes [16 males and 2 females]. One male and one female with same data as holotype ( CERPE) . Brasil: Minas Gerais: Poços de Caldas , XI.1995,— 1♂ ( YPC) . Paraná: Castro, Estrada Castro-Tibagi, Km 15, 15.XII.2006, P. Grossi & Parizotto— 1♂ ( EPGC) . Brasil: Santa Catarina: Campos Novos , (27º23’S, 51º12’W), II.2011, armadilha pitfall, R.C. Campos—(1♂ MAHC, 5♂ 1♀ CERPE, 4♂ CEMT) GoogleMaps . Paraguay: Caaguazú: Sommerfeld , I.1962 — 1♂ ( MAHC) . No data —(1♂ CERPE, 1♂ YPC) .

Description. Holotype male ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ). Body l ength: 25.0 mm. Body width: 14.0 mm. Color: Dark brown. Head: Clypeus subpentagonal in shape, moderately punctate, weakly setose on sides, strongly constricted laterally at apical half, basal half with parallel and slightly raised sides. Frontoclypeal suture with a weak ridge interrupted at middle, nearly reaching the lateral margins. Interocular width equals 2.8 transverse eye diameters, frontal surface weakly rugopunctate, sides scarcely setose, basal area between eyes smooth. Eye canthus subquadrate. Mouthparts: Mandibles bidentate, teeth subtriangular. Mentum subtriangular, convex at disc, weakly rounded and densely covered with setose punctures on sides, disc smooth. Maxilla with quadridentate galea; 1 apical tooth (strong), 2 medial teeth (1 weak, 1 strong), 1 basal tooth (weak). Pronotum: Moderately convex, without horns, only with 1 small, conic-shaped apical tubercle; concavity V-shaped, shallow, confined to anterior area ( Fig. 5A View FIGURE 5 ), hypomeron convergent ( Fig. 5D View FIGURE 5 ); surface finely punctate Scutellar shield: Triangular in shape, smooth. Elytra: Surface with barely marked longitudinal striae, finely punctate, only observed under 90X magnification. Legs: Inner protarsal claw dilated, protarsomere IV with short ventral apex ( Fig. 5E View FIGURE 5 ). Mesofemora with setae confined on disc ( Fig. 5F View FIGURE 5 ). Mesotibiae slightly convex on external surface. Abdomen: Ventrites I–IV completely setose, V setose only on sides, VI bordered with setae on apex. Tergite VII with stridulatory apparatus formed by a band of transversal carinae well marked on the basal area, becoming finely marked toward the apical area ( Fig. 7B View FIGURE 7 ). Tergite VIII with weak, setose punctures confined to sides, disc smooth.

Variation. Male paratypes differ from holotype in the following aspects: Body length: 21.0– 26.5 mm. Body width: 11.0–13.0 mm. Color: Pronotal and elytral surface with variation from dark reddish brown to reddish brown. Pronotum: Concavity occasionally small and shallow compared to holotype, sometimes U-shaped. Aedeagus: Parameres in caudal view ( Fig. 8E View FIGURE 8 ), middle area abruptly constricted on sides, apical half expanded in shape of subparallel lateral “flaps”, as narrow as the basal half. In lateral view, apex downcurved ( Fig. 9E View FIGURE 9 ). Female paratypes ( Fig. 5B View FIGURE 5 ) differs in the following aspects: Body length: 21.0– 26.5 mm. Body width: 11.0–13.0. Pronotum: Concavity rounded, small, confined near to anterior margin; latero-anterior surface moderately punctate, concavity weakly punctate, disc smooth ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ). Legs: Protarsus not thickened, claws simple. Venter: Proventrite with a long furrow at anterolateral angles ( Fig. 10F View FIGURE 10 ). Abdomen: Ventrite VI triangular shaped, not emarginate apically. Tergite VIII flattened in lateral view.

Geographic distribution. Brazil: Minas Gerais, Paraná, Santa Catarina. Paraguay: Caaguazú ( Fig. 12E View FIGURE 12 ). Bothynus araya occurs in open fields predominantly characterized as having shrubby vegetation within the “Campos Gerais” region from southern Brazilian to Paraguay.