Foenatopus, Smith

Binoy, C., Achterberg, C. Van, Kumar, P. Girish, Santhosh, S. & Sheela, S., 2020, A review of Stephanidae (Hymenoptera: Stephanoidea) from India, with the description of five new species, Zootaxa 4838 (1), pp. 1-51 : 4-5

Key to the Indian species of Foenatopus

(After original descriptions and keys by Narendran et al. 2001 and Narendran & Sureshan 2003)

1. Ovipositor sheath distinctly shorter than body ( Figs 3 , 21 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 28 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 44 )............................. 2

- Ovipositor sheath approx. as long as or distinctly longer than body ( Figs 2 , 4 , 26 , 27 , 29 , 55 )........................ 15

2. Ovipositor sheath entirely black ( Figs 3 , 24 , 30 , 31 , 32 )....................................................... 3

- Ovipositor sheath with a distinct subapical ivory or whitish band, but band yellowish and ill-defined in F. rugiceps (21, 23, 25, 28, 44).............................................................................................. 8

3. Hind femur with 3 teeth ventrally; first metasomal tergite distinctly longer than remaining segments; [lower head ivory to white; pronotum with distinct transverse carinae and striae] ( Fig. 3 )................. F. anupam (Narendran & Sureshan)

- Hind femur with 2 teeth ventrally; first metasomal tergite subequal or shorter than remaining segments................. 4

4. Vertex with 2 carinae between ocelli ( Fig. 35 ); propodeum anteriorly alutaceous to imbricate ( Fig. 36 )...................................................................... F. sureshani Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar sp. nov.

- Vertex with 3 or more carinae between ocelli; propodeum at least with scattered punctures anteriorly................... 5

5. Vertex with 3 carinae between ocelli; [vein SR1 of fore wing nearly twice as long as vein r]............. F. aequalis Elliott

- Vertex with 4 or more carinae between ocelli............................................................... 6

6. Mesoscutum without a medio-longitudinal groove; scape twice as long as pedicel; [vertex with 4 carinae between ocelli]............................................................................ F. sudhae (Narendran & Sureshan)

- Mesoscutum with a medio-longitudinal groove at least posteriorly; scape less than twice as long as pedicel.............. 7

7. Vertex at most with 3 carinae between ocelli; [ovipositor sheath more than 0.5× length of body in lateral view].......................................................................................... F. jodhpurensis Narendran

- Vertex with 5 carinae between ocelli............................................. F. stom (Narendran & Sureshan)

8. Hind femur with 3 teeth ventrally........................................................................ 9

- Hind femur with 2 teeth ventrally ( Fig. 52 )................................................................ 12

9. Vertex with 2 carinae between ocelli; [central hind femoral tooth white].......................... F. bilineatus (Elliott)

- Vertex with 3–4 carinae between ocelli................................................................... 10

10. Vertex with 3 carinae between ocelli; basal and central femoral teeth white, apical one black; [pale ring of ovipositor sheath yellowish].............................................................................. F. rugiceps Elliott

- Vertex with 4 carinae between ocelli; all femoral teeth black.................................................. 11

11. Ovipositor sheath more than twice as long as metasoma; scape at most 1.25× as long as pedicel................................................................................................. F. priyae (Narendran & Sureshan)

- Ovipositor sheath at most twice as long as metasoma; scape more than 1.5× as long as pedicel............................................................................................... F. keralensis (Narendran & Sureshan)

12. Stemmaticum near occiput with a distinct medio-longitudinal groove............... F. idukkiensis Sureshan & Narendran

- Stemmaticum near occiput without medio-longitudinal groove................................................ 13

13. Ovipositor sheath shorter than metasoma.............................................. F. chinnarensis (Sureshan)

- Ovipositor sheath distinctly longer than metasoma ( Figs 21 , 44 )............................................... 14

14. Pronotum multicarinate; a longitudinal rufescent line down the centre of frons from apical tubercle to antennae; scutellum, deplanate, smooth and shiny; [vein SR1 of fore wing slightly longer than vein r ( Fig. 21 )]........... F. frontilinea (Morley)

- Pronotum entirely coriaceous; frons medially black, without any such medial rufescent line; scutellum slightly convex, coriaceous.................................................................... F. weii Chen, van Achterberg & Xu

15. First metasomal tergite as long as or distinctly longer than remaining metasomal tergites combined................... 16

- First metasomal tergite shorter than remaining metasomal tergites combined..................................... 21

16. Ovipositor sheath 0.9–1.0× as long as body; hind femur with 2 large ventral teeth ( Fig. 12 ).......................... 17

- Ovipositor sheath 1.3–1.5× longer than body; hind femur with 3 large ventral teeth................................ 19

17. Pterostigma approx. 9.0× longer than its maximum width; vein 2-CU1 present but much shorter than vein 1-CU1............................................................................................ F. indicus (Westwood)

- Pterostigma 14.0–15.0× longer than its maximum width; vein 2-CU1 either present and longer than vein 1-CU1 or absent... .................................................................................................. 18

18. Whitish part of ovipositor sheath approx. 0.9× as long as apical black part of sheath; large ventral teeth of hind femur unequal, basal one nearly equilateral and apical one narrow, much longer than wide; vein 2-CU1 of fore wing absent......................................................................................... F. achterbergi Gupta & Gawas

- Whitish part of ovipositor sheath approx. 1.6× as long as apical black part of sheath ( Fig. 14 ); both large ventral teeth of hind femur equal; vein 2-CU1 of fore wing longer than vein 1-CU1 ( Fig. 11 )............................................................................................... F. chareshi Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar sp. nov.

19. Wings more or less infumate basally; occiput smooth; vertex with 3 carinae between ocelli........ F. longicaudalis (Elliott)

- Wings hyaline; occiput distinctly rugose or striate; vertex with 2 carinae between ocelli............................. 20

20. Vein 2-CU1 of fore wing absent........................................................... F. iridipennis Elliott

- Vein 2-CU1 of fore wing present, long................................................... F. maheshi Narendran

21. Vertex with 3 carinae in between ocelli; ovipositor sheath 3× as long as post petiolar segments............................................................................................. F. wynadensis (Sureshan & Narendran)

- Vertex with 4–5 carinae between ocelli; ovipositor sheath 3.5× as long as post petiolar segments..... F. similicus Narendran

Figures

FIGURE 2. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus achterbergi Gupta & Gawas, 2020

FIGURE 3. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus anupam (Narendran & Sureshan, 2003)

FIGURE 4. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus chareshi Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar sp. nov.

FIGURE 23. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus idukkiensis Sureshan & Narendran, 2013.

FIGURE 24. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus jodhpurensis Narendran, 2001.

FIGURE 25. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus keralensis (Narendran & Sureshan 2003).

FIGURE 26. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus longicaudalis (Elliot, 1919).

FIGURE 27. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus maheshi Narendran, 2001.

FIGURE 28. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus rugiceps (Elliot, 1919).

FIGURE 29. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus similicus Narendran, 2001.

FIGURE 30. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus stom (Narendran & Sureshan, 2003).

FIGURE 31. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus sudhae (Narendran & Sureshan, 2003).

FIGURE 32. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus sureshani Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar sp. nov.

FIGURE 44. Habitus of ♀ Foenatopus weii Chen, van Achterberg & Xu, 2016.

FIGURE 55. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus wynadensis (Narendran & Sureshan, 1997).

FIGURES 21–22. Habitus of holotype. ♀ Foenatopus frontilinea (Morley, 1917). 21. Habitus, lateral view; 22. Head and mesosoma, dorsal view.

FIGURES 33–40.. Foenatopus sureshani Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 33. Habitus, lateral view (excluding ovipositor); 34. Head and part of pronotum, lateral view; 35. Head, dorsal view; 36. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 37. Fore wing; 38. Mesosoma, lateral view; 39. First metasomal tergite; 40. Hind leg.

FIGURES 45–52. Foenatopus weii Chen, van Achterberg & Xu, 2016. ♀ 45. Habitus, lateral view (excluding ovipositor); 46. Head and pronotum, lateral view; 47. Head, dorsal view; 48. Head, frontal view; 49. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 50. Mesosoma, lateral view; 51. Fore wing; 52. Hind leg.

FIGURES 5–12. Foenatopus chareshi Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 5. Habitus, lateral view (excluding ovipositor); 6. Head, lateral view; 7. Head, dorsal view; 8. Head, frontal view; 9. Head, mesosoma and part of first metasomal tergite, lateral view; 10. Mesosoma, dorsal view; 11. Fore wing; 12. Hind leg.

FIGURES 13–14. Foenatopus chareshi Binoy, van Achterberg & Girish Kumar sp. nov. Holotype ♀. 13. Metasoma, lateral view; 14. Ovipositor and ovipositor sheath.