Trypanosoma spp

Qiu, Yongjin, Kajihara, Masahiro, Harima, Hayato, Hang'ombe, Bernard Mudenda, Nakao, Ryo, Hayashida, Kyoko, Mori-Kajihara, Akina, Dr., Changula, Katendi, Eto, Yoshiki, Ndebe, Joseph, Yoshida, Reiko, Takadate, Yoshihiro, Dr., Mwizabi, Daniel, Kawabata, Hiroki, Simuunza, Martin, Mweene, Aaron, Sawa, Hirofumi, Takada, Ayato, Professor & Sugimoto, Chihiro, 2019, Molecular characterization and phylogenetic analysis of Trypanosoma spp. detected from striped leaf-nosed bats (Hipposideros vittatus) in Zambia, International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 9, pp. 234-238 : 236

3.3. Phylogenetic analysis of Trypanosoma spp .

In the phylogenetic trees based on the concatenated 18S rRNA and gGAPDH gene sequences, the sequence type 1 (ZB17-105, −111, and −115) and type 2 (ZB17-108 and −109) belonged to the clades clustering respectively with T. conorhini and T. dionisii ( Fig. 2 ). The topologies of the trees generated with three different methods are in good agreement, except for the position of parasites in the Australian clade ( T. noyesi and Trypanosoma sp. isolate H25) and the Neobats clade ( T. wauwau ) ( Fig. 2 ). The PTP analysis inferred two types of Trypanosoma spp . detected in this study as putative species ( Fig. 3 ). Trypanosoma sp. sequence type 1 and T. conorhini were clustered together, while Trypanosoma sp. sequence type 2 and T. dionisii were clustered together, both of which formed a distinct monophyletic group ( Fig. 3 ).

Figures

Fig. 2. Phylogeny of Trypanosoma cruzi clade. Phylogenetic trees of Trypanosoma cruzi clade inferred using combined gGAPDH and 18S rRNA gene sequences (1,363 bp). The phylogenetic trees with outgroup (Trypanosoma lewisi) were generated using a maximum likelihood method (A), neighbor joining method (B), and minimum evolution method (C). All bootstrap values from 1,000 replications are shown on the interior branch nodes. Our isolated Trypanosoma spp. are highlighted in bold and under line. GenBank accession numbers used in this phylogeny are listed in Table S1.

Fig. 3. Species delimitation of Trypanosoma cruzi clade. Maximum likelihood phylogeny with outgroup (Trypanosoma lewisi) and with Baysian support values presented 17 linages recognized as species for the PTP analysis. Monophyletic groups in red indicated single putative species as well as terminal branches in blue.. (For interpretation of the references to colour in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the Web version of this article.)