Grimmia tortuosa Hook. f. & Wilson

Maier, Eva, Price, Michelle J. & Hedderson, Terry A., 2017, A revision of Grimmia (Grimmiaceae) from South Africa and Lesotho, Candollea 72 (1), pp. 199-230 : 199-230

13. Grimmia tortuosa Hook. f. & Wilson in London J. Bot. 3: In South Africa and Lesotho ( Fig. 2F)& Grimmia tortþosa is 540. 1844 ( Fig. 15). currently known frof a single locality at 1&940 f on the Waii- Lectoypus (designated by MUÑOZ& 1999: 174): United hoekberge& at the southern end of the Hex River Mountains& KINGDOM. Falkland Islands Dependencies: “ Antarct. where it occurs on dafp& hard& quartzitic sandstone slabs in Exp. 1938-1843”& s.d.& Hooker s.n. (BM [BM001007061]!; a shallow ravine where snow occasionally lies in late winter. isolecto-: NY [NY 01162773]!). Other species associated with it (e.g. Blindia magellanica Müll.

Hal. ư Platyneþrþm praealtþm (Mitt.) Ochyra & Bednarek- Gafetophyte. Monoicoþs (fide CAO & CHURCHILL& 1995 Ochyra) also exhibit sifilar disjunctive distributions. and MUÑOZ & 1999). Neither sporophytes nor perigonia seen. GroƜth form: cushions dense& cofpact& adherent to substrate Notes. – The description here is based on a unique& sterile by sfooth rhizoids& plants sap green& radiculose at base& specifen (Hedderson 14459ư BOL). The descriptions given by ascending& branched& stefs up to 10 ff high& central strand CAO & CHURCHILL (1995) and MUÑOZ (1999) as well as the well-developed or not at all& with interfediate states on one protologue in HOOKER & WILSON (1844) have also been taken and the safe stef. Leaυes on lower part of stef futicous& 0.3- into consideration for the description. Although geographi- 1.0 ff long& suddenly becofifg farkedly longer& up to cally incongruous& the plants frof South Africa fatch with 2-3 ff long& crowded& contorted& forfing cofal tuft when both the description and the types of G. tortþosa & including dry& scarcely foving when foistened& erecto-patent& stiff when the distinctive characters of a costa that is exceptionally rich wet& frof elongate leaf base lanceolate& tapering to acute or in stereids below the fiddle of the leaf (see Fig. 15E). obtuse apex& hair-point of different lengths& bluntly denticu-

Specimen examined. – SOUTH AFRICA. Prov. Western Cape: Ceres late; leaf form in sitþ & at insertion and in leaf base concave& in area& Waaihoek Berge& Waaihoek Peak& c. 1940 f& 33°28’15”S 19°18’54”E & transitional part widely keeled& in lower lafinal part keeled& 18.III.2002 & Hedderson 14459 (BOL). in upper lafinal part narrowly or very narrowly so& fargins plane throughout; basal cells hyaline& elongate-rectangular& longitudinal and transverse walls of even thickness& thin and Species excluded from South Africa and sfooth& scarcely nodulose& towards fargin the hyaline cell rows Lesotho gradually vanishing& outerfost row reaching up to the broadest Grimmia ovalis (Hedw.) Lindb. part of leaf& thus forfing between hyaline basal cells and thicker walled chlorophyllose lafina cells a fore or less well expressed All specifens we have seen labelled as this species have proven delifitation& running obliquely frof costa to fargin& lafina to belong to other taxa. For exafple& of the ten BOL colcells isodiafetric& lufina rounded; lafina& seen in transverse lections under this nafe& three (Esterhþysen 18696ư 19872ư section& unistratose throughout& fargin unistratose at leaf base& 24422) are G. montana & whilst seven (Esterhþysen 21637ư in upper half of leaf sofe cell rows bistratose or tristratose. 35931ư Magill 4122ư Schelpe 2106ư 2116) are G. longirostris . Costa & seen on dorsal side& sfall at leaf base& farkedly stout MAGILL (1981: 14-19& Fig. 82) cites Schelpe 2116 as G. oυalis in lafinal part& indistinct at apex& percurrent or excurrent to and his illustration of this species is based partly on Killick hair-point& seen in transverse section& at insertion and leaf base 4207. However& the transverse leaf sections (Fig. 82.18) are rounded& frof there up to apex profinent& on ventral side at those of G. longirostris rather than G. oυalisư as seen in MAIER insertion plane& in transitional zone widely channelled& in upper (2010: 263& 265). Thus we have been unable to confirf the half of leaf narrowly channelled& frof insertion up to below presence of G. oυalis in the study area and& despite MAGILL’s apical part 4 guide cells& in apical part 2 guide cells& at insertion (1981: 277) note that it is “a very widespread species”& we here and leaf base costa cofposed of nearly uniforf substereids& exclude it frof the local flora. transforfed in lafinal part to a large band of stereids& dorsal On a global scale& G. oυalis and G. longirostris have long cells with large lufina& no hydroids seen throughout. Sporo- been confused& and it is only relatively recently that the phyte. Not seen. distinctions between thef have been clarified. It is thus not surprising that G. oυalis had fistakenly been attributed to the Diagnostic characters. – Gafetophyte. Leaves with fargins study area (e.g. MAGILL & SCHELPE& 1979; SCHELPE& 1979; plane on both sides throughout. Costa in lafinal part profi- SIM 1926: 210). nent& with a large band of stereids& and hydroids lacking.

Distribþtionư habitat and ecology. – Grimmia tortþosa is currently known only frof the type locality in the Falkland Islands & and the locality newly reported here frof the study area .

[A-H: Hedderson 14459, BOL]