Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832 )

Shimose, Tamaki, Suzuki, Nobuaki & Iwatsuki, Yukio, 2020, Pristipomoides amoenus (Snyder 1911), a valid species of jobfish (Pisces, Lutjanidae), with comparisons to P. argyrogrammicus (Valenciennes 1832), Zootaxa 4728 (4), pp. 469-476 : 470-471

Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus (Valenciennes in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1832)

English name: Ornate jobfish

Japanese name: Hana-fuedai

Figs. 1A , 2A , 3 ; Tables 1 , 2

Holotype. MNHN 0000- 7037, 189 mm SL, Mauritius, Mascarenes , southwestern Indian Ocean

Non-type specimens. SNFR 20532 , 20533 , 20535–20550 , 20581–20587 , 25 specimens, 165–214 mm SL, collected from 4 July 2010 to 12 April 2011 by T. Shimose at Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan .

Diagnosis. Distinguished from congeners by the following combination of characters: pored scales in the lat- eral line 59–63; body moderately deep 32.2–36.6% of SL; lower gill rakers 11–15 (modally 12); body color pink dorsally to white on belly; four yellow blotches dorsally on side of the body; small silvery blue spots on dorsal area of the body and forming some wavy lines (often remaining in preserved specimens); dorsal and caudal fins yellow with white margin; pectoral, pelvic and anal fins pink, pelvic and anal fins with white margin.

Description. Counts and proportional measurements as percentage of SL for holotype and non-types (25 Ishigaki specimens) are shown in Table 1 . Body moderately deep 32.2–36.6% SL; caudal peduncle shallow 9.5–11.0% SL; pre-dorsal length 37.3–43.6% SL; pre-anal length 60.4–65.9% SL; head length 34.4–38.3% SL; eye diameter 8.8–12.5% SL; snout length 11.5–13.1% SL; upper jaw length 14.6–16.4% SL; suborbital depth 3.5–5.0% SL, body laterally compressed, its width 14.6–17.8% SL; inter-orbital slightly convex, inter-orbital width 8.4–10.8% SL; 4 th dorsal fin spine longest, its length 11.8–13.5% SL, 11 th dorsal fin ray longer than the others, its length 12.2–15.4% SL; 3 rd anal fin spine longest, its length 10.1–11.4% SL; 8 th anal fin ray longer than the others, its length 12.5–15.2% SL; pectoral fin length 30.1–35.4% SL; pelvic fin spine length 13.8–16.4% SL; pelvic fin ray length 21.0–25.3% SL; dorsal fin X, 10–11 (modally X, 11); anal fin III, 8; pectoral fin 15–17; pelvic fin I, 5; pored lateral line scales 59–63; scales above lateral line 6–7; scales below lateral line 14–16; upper gill rakers 5–8; lower gill rakers 11–15 (modally 12); rod-shaped (excluding rudimentary ones) upper gill rakers 2–4 (modally 2); rod-shaped lower gill rakers 9–11 (modally 11).

Color when fresh. Head to dorsal area of the body pink; lower jaw to belly pinkish white; one yellow blotch on inter-orbital and four yellow blotches on dorsal area of the body; silvery blue spot on the upper area of the opercle; many small silvery-blue spots laterally on the body, forming some wavy lines but not inside the yellow blotches; dorsal and caudal fin yellow with white margins; pectoral, pelvic and anal fin pink, pelvic and anal fins with white margins.

Color when preserved. Coloration and markings mostly fade in preservative, but the blue spots found in fresh specimens remain as brown for several years in preserved specimens. The holotype of P. argyrogrammicus was uniformly pale yellowish brown, without any brown spots.

Remarks. The species is recorded widely throughout tropical areas of Indo-western Pacific Ocean (e.g. Allen, 1985), however records of this species and P. amoenus are likely to have been confused. Further clarification of its range is required given the recognition of sympatric P. amoenus in this study.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Holotypes of Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus (A) and Pristipomoides amoenus (B): A. MNHN 0000-7037, 189 mm SL, photographed by C. Ferrara; B. USNM 68231, 203 mm SL, photographed by S. Raredon.

FIGURE 2. Photographs of fresh specimens of Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus (A) and Pristipomoides amoenus (B) caught around Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, Japan: A. SNFR 20587, 200 mm SL; B. SNFR 20591, 214 mm SL.

FIGURE 3. Genetic relationships among six specimens of Pristipomoides argyrogrammicus, four specimens of P. amoenus, two specimens of P. zonatus and one specimen of Aphareus rutilans based on 575 base pair nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial DNA COI region. The phylogenetic tree was estimated by the maximum likelihood method. Numbers with nodes indicate the bootstrap probabilities with 500 replications.