Monospiniphallus, Randall T. Schuh & Michael D. Schwartz, 2016

Randall T. Schuh & Michael D. Schwartz, 2016, Nineteen new genera and 82 new species of Cremnorrhinina from Australia, including analyses of host relationships and distributions (Insecta: Hemiptera: Miridae: Phylininae: Cremnorrhinini), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 401, pp. 1-279 : 134-136

Monospiniphallus , new genus

TYPE SPECIES: Monospiniphallus bignoniiflori , new species.

DIAGNOSIS: Recognized by the variably shaped endosoma with a single, long, erect, apical spine, and elongate, nearly parallel-sided, body form (figs. 54–56, pl. 18). Sexual dimorphism moderate, where known female more distinctly ovoid and with smaller eyes than male. Possibly confused with Bifidostylus and Mrytophylus spp. with a dorsum devoid of dark markings, but easily distinguished from both of those taxa by the single, long, apical endosomal spine, absence of a lateral endosomal spine, and the right paramere blunt or with a single process.

DESCRIPTION: MALE: Total length 3.50–4.50, pronotum width 0.88–1.11. COLORATION (pl. 18): Varying from nearly uniform green, including appendages, to green with some broadly defined darker areas, never with a dark spot on corium at inner angle of cuneus and rarely with dark marking at apex of membrane cells, although membrane frequently infuscate. SURFACE AND VESTITURE (pl. 18): Body surface smooth, weakly shining; dorsum with moderately long reclining pale or dark common setae. STRUCTURE (pl. 18): Head: Eyes variable from small and beady with a relatively broad vertex, to large, bulg ‐ ing and with vertex relatively narrow; frons usually weakly swollen and only slightly protruding beyond anterior margin of eye; antennal segment 2 long, robust, of uniform diameter over entire length. Thorax: Pronotum: Relatively short, transverse, flat, calli often strongly defined across posterior margin; lateral margins nearly straight, posterior margin straight; mesoscutum narrowly exposed. Hemelytron: Relatively short to strongly elongate, usually nearly parallel sided with costal margin nearly straight; cuneus ranging from short and relatively broad to strongly elongate and slender. GENITALIA (figs. 54–56 pl. 18): Pygophore: Elongate triangular or bell shaped with broad posterior margin; dorsal surface without tubercles or conspicuous groups of bristles. Endosoma: C- or J-shaped, or sigmoid; dorsal and ventral straps adhered to one another from base to proximal to, or equal to, level of secondary gonopore; apically with one long pointed spine, usually with second shorter spine; secondary gonopore subapical, weakly developed or absent. Phallotheca: Apical portion narrowly conical or conical; dorsal surface without crest; aperture elongate ovoid to slitlike situated on dorsal anterior side; basal portion extending to middle of pygophore ventral surface in situ. Parameres: Left paramere typically phyline; dorsoposterior margin slightly elevated above posterior and anterior processes; posterior process with undulating lateral margin in dorsal view, apical portion usually straight or slightly deflected; anterior process slightly produced anteriad of paramere body or small, if prominent seta present then inserted on lobe. Right paramere small to moderately large; apically truncate with a short spine or more strongly lanceolate with a medial fingerlike process.

FEMALE (pl. 18): Where known, coloration as in male; elongate ovoid, eyes smaller than in male and vertex wider; total length 3.61– 3.95, pronotum width 1.04–1.10. GENITA- LIA: Not examined.

ETYMOLOGY: From the Greek, monos, “one,” the Latin, spina, “thorn,” and phallus, in reference to the single spine arising from the apex of the endosoma.

DISCUSSION: We assign three species to Monospiniphallus based on their possession of a rather simple endosoma with one prominent apical spine. Other attributes, however, such as coloration and structure of the right paramere show substantial variation, and females are unknown for two of the species. Further collecting and new information may alter our arguments for the monophyly of this grouping.