Phaenospila areolator Yao & van Achterberg, 2022

Yao, Junli, Achterberg, Cornelis Van, Sharkey, Michael J., Chapman, Eric G., Fang, Shuqian, Aizezi, Ayizuohere & Li, Jimin, 2022, Phaenospila gen. nov. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae: Alysiinae) and three new species from Thailand, Zootaxa 5195 (5), pp. 468-484 : 474-477

Phaenospila areolator Yao & van Achterberg sp. nov.

( Fig. 3 : A–I)

Consensus barcode. CTTGGTCAACAAATTCATAAAGATATTGGAATTTTATATTTTTTATTTGGGATTTGATCTGGTATAGTTGGTTTATCTATAAGAATTATTATTCGATTAGAATTAGGTATAGCTGGATCTTTATTAATAAATGATCAAATTTATAATACTTTAGTTACTTCTCATGCTTTTGTAATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCAGTTATGTTAGGAGGATTTGGAAATTGATTAATTCCATTAATATTAGGAGCTCCTGATATAGCTTTCCCACGAATAAATAATATAAGATTTTGATTATTATTACCTTCTTTAATATTATTACTTTTAAGAGGTTTATTAAATGTAGGTGCTGGTACTGGTTGAACAGTTTATCCTCCTTTATCTGCAAATGTTGGTCATAGGG GTATATCAGTAGATTTAGCAATTTTTTCTTTACATTTAGCTGGAATTTCTTCTATTATAGGGGTAATTAATTTTTTGACAACAGCTTTTAATATAAAATTTTATTGTATAAAATATGATCAAGTAAGATTATTTGTATGATCAATTATTATTACTGCAGTTTTGTTATTATTATCTTTGCCTGTTTTAGCAGGAGCTATTACTATATTATTAACTGATCGTAATTTAAATACTACTTTTTTTGATTTTTCAGGTGGTGGAGATCCTATTTTATTTCCCCCT Description. Holotype, ♀ (QSBG), length of body 2.3 mm; length of fore wing 2.5 mm.

Head. Antenna broken, one remaining 20 antennomeres, the other one remaining 25 antennomeres, apical two pale; AS 3: AS 4: AS 5=11:20:15, AS 3 5.0 × its maximum wide, AS 4 8.8 × longer than maximum width, ( Fig. 3F ); head 2.4 × as wide as long, 1.7 × as wide as mesoscutum (in dorsal view); head at level of eyes 1.2 × wider than at level of temples ( Fig. 3E ); eyes 3.4 × as long as the temples ( Fig. 3E ); distance between antennal sockets longer than their diameter, distance from eye to antennal socket slightly shorter than diameter of antennal socket; frons with a upside down V-shaped sculpture, otherwise smooth; distance of ocelli from each other shorter than diameter of ocellus, OOL slightly longer than width of ocellar area ( Fig. 3E ); vertex, occiput and temples smooth, with sparse setae ( Fig. 3E ); epicranial suture deep, especially between posterior ocelli ( Fig. 3E ); face 1.6 × wider than high, smooth and covered with long setae, with Y-shaped ridges started from antennal sockets, converging at dorsal 1/3 of face, ended at ventral 1/4 of face, ventral 1/4 of face bell-shaped and crenulate ( Fig. 3C ); clypeus protruding, 1.8 × wider than long, smooth medially, edge smooth, with long setae, epistomal groove wide and deep, 0.5 × as long as height of clypeus and wrinkled ( Fig. 3C ); mandible 1.7 × as long as wide, lower edge almost straight, apical width about 1.3 × basal width; tooth 1 small, upper edge curve, tooth 2 pointed, much larger than tooth 1 and tooth 3, up edge curve, tooth 3 pointed downwards; outer surface of mandible smooth, with sparse setae, teeth glabrous, deeply hollowed out medially ( Fig. 3D ); maxillary palp reaching mid femur ( Fig. 3C ), nearly 2.6 × as long as height of head, 1.7 × hind femur.

Mesosoma. Mesosoma 1.4 × as long as high; pronope present ( Fig. 3E ), pronotum smooth laterally, with transverse ridges anteriorly and a longitudinal ridge ventrally ( Fig. 3F ); mesopleuron with sparse and long setae ventro-posteriorly, glabrous medially ( Fig. 3F ), precoxal sulcus crenulated and complete, wider medially; pleural sulcus slightly crenulate; episternal scrobe medium-sized, round and not connected to pleural sulcus; metapleuron reticulate sculptured and covered with dense setae around edge and posteriorly, antero-dorsally glabrous, hollow out antero-ventrally ( Fig. 3F ); mesoscutum 1.3 × wider than long, median lobe slightly protruding, with several short setae along notauli trace, otherwise glabrous; notauli present anterior 2/3 and crenulate ( Fig. 3E ); midpit glabrous and elliptical, 2.0 × longer than wide; scutellar sulcus glabrous, with one strong medio-longitudinal carina ( Fig. 3H ); scutellum flat, with sparse setae laterally; metanotum with one full length ridge and two half-length ridges, crenulated laterally ( Fig. 3H ); propodeum with several setae laterally, anterior 1/2 of propodeum with medio-longitudinal carina and curve and complete transverse ridge, posterior 1/2 with a pentagon-shaped areola medially and rectangle areolae laterally, otherwise glabrous ( Fig. 3H ); postpectal carina present ventrally and more or less lamelliform ( Fig. 3C ).

Wings. Fore wing: pterostigma wide and oval shaped, vein r emitted from posterior 1/3 of pterostigma, length of vein r 0.4 × as long as pterostigma width, forming an obtuse angle with vein 3-SR; vein SR1 extending above wing tip; vein SR1 2.9 × longer than vein 3-SR; vein 2-SR: vein 3-SR: r-m = 15: 14: 6; 1-SR+M slightly sinuate; vein m-cu interstitial; 2nd submarginal cell 2.6 wider than height, narrow posteriorly; vein cu-a slightly postfurcal, vein 1-CU1: 2-CU1 = 1: 8; vein 3-CU1: vein CU1b=1:1 ( Fig. 3B ). Hind wing: vein 1-M 1.5 × vein M+CU; vein m-cu antefurcal ( Fig. 3B ).

Legs. Hind coxa and femur slender, entirely with dense, long setae; hind tibia slender; hind femur 5.8 × longer than its maximum width; hind femur 0.7 × longer than hind tibia, hind femur 1.9 × longer than hind basitarsus ( Fig. 3I ).

Metasoma. Length of T1 about 2.6 × its apical width, apical width 1.1 × its basal width; dorsope large and protruding, dorsal carinae not converging, extending to apical 1/2 of T1; area between dorsal carinae smooth, remainder of T1 reticulate ( Fig. 3H ); ovipositor long, maximal visible part roughly 1.1 × as long as mesosoma, ovipositor sheath with dense setae ( Fig. 3I ) and its setose part 1.1 × as long as hind tibia. ( Fig. 3I ).

Color. Dark yellow to brown, bicoloured; antenna pale white to brown, two basal antennomeres and AS 3 yellow, AS 4-F5 dark yellow, apical antennomeres pale white (antenna broken), and remainder brown; head setae white, palpi pale yellow; head dark brown except face, clypeus and apical half of mandible brownish yellow, ocellar area dark brown; mesosoma dark brown except antero-ventral part of pronotum, mesoscutum and scutellum yellow, metanotum brownish yellow; metasoma brown, apical of T1 dark yellow; legs yellow to brownish yellow; pterostigma brownish yellow, veins light brown.

Material examined. Holotype ♀ (H19672) THAILAND Petchaburi , Kaeng Krachan NP, Panernthung /km27, 12°49.302'N, 99°22.263'E, elevation 950m, Malaise trap 25.v–1.vi.2009, Sirichai leg., ( QSBG) T5258 ; Paratypes: 2♀ (H19676, H19685) same data as holotype, ( RMNH, BIIC) ; 1♀ (H19848) same data as holotype, except Panernthung /km30/old lavatory, 12°49.484'N, 99°21.909'E, elevation 970m, Malaise trap 27.vi–4.vii.2008, leg., ( QSBG) T4339 ; 1♀ (H19775) same data as previous, ( BIIC) ; 1♀ (H19876) same locality as holotype, Malaise trap 24.iv–4.v.2009, leg., ( BIIC) T4933 ; 3♀ (H19952, H19875, H19855) same data as previous, ( RMNH, BIIC) ; 1♀ (H19723) same data as holotype, except Panernthung /km27/water pump, 12°49.151'N, 99°22.483'E, elevation 970m, Malaise trap 10–17.x.2008, leg., ( QSBG) T4383 ; 1♀ (H19756) same data as previous, ( BIIC) ; 2♀ (H20008, H20028) same data as holotype, except km15/campground, 12°47.963'N, 99°27.188'E, Malaise trap 5–12.ix.2008, Sirichai & Prasit leg., ( BIIC) T4375 ; 2♀ (H20149, H20092) same data as holotype, except km15/campground, 12°47.963'N, 99°27.188'E, Malaise trap 5–12.ix.2008, Sirichai & Prasit leg., ( QSBG, RMNH) T4375 ; 3♀ (H20152, H19991, H20100) same data as holotype, except km15/campground, 12°47.963'N, 99°27.188'E, Malaise trap 5– 12.ix.2008, Sirichai & Prasit leg., ( RMNH, BIIC) T4375 ; 2♀ (H19985, H20148) same locality as holotype, Malaise trap 25.iii–3.iv.2009, leg., ( BIIC) T4739 ; 3♀ (H20119, H19997, H20153) same locality as holotype, Malaise trap 25.iii–3.iv.2009, leg., ( QSBG, RMNH, BIIC) T4739 ; 2♀ (H20058, H20013) same locality as holotype, Malaise trap 25.iii–3.iv.2009, leg., ( RMNH, BIIC) T4739 ; 1♂ (H20126) same data as previous, ( BIIC) ; 1♂ (H19989) THAILAND Surat Thani, Khao Sok NP, Headquarter , 8°54.896'N, 8°31.81'E, elevation 155m, Malaise trap 9– 16.vi.2009, Pongphan leg., ( BIIC) T4926 ; 1♀ (H19936) same locality as holotype, 3–10.iv.2009, leg., ( HBIIC) T4738 ; 1♀ (H20016) same data as holotype, except km33/helipad, 12°50.177'N, 99°20.688'E, elevation 735m, Malaise trap 28.xii.2008 – 4.i.2009, Sirichai leg., ( QSBG) T4407 ; 1♂ (H19792) same locality as holotype, 15– 22.vi.2009, leg., ( QSBG) T5267 ; 1♀ (H19760) same locality as holotype, 10–17.iv.2009, leg., ( BIIC) T4737 ; 1♀ (H19779) same data as previous ( BIIC) .

Variation. Body length: 2.2–3.2 mm, length of fore wing 2.3–2.9 mm, width of head 2.1–2.6 × as wide as long; antennomeres of ♀ 36–38, apical antennomeres 2–3 to 13–15 pale yellow. Male: similar to female, antennomeres of ♂ 33–35, apical antennomeres t 2–3 to 5–6 pale white.

Distribution. Thailand.

Host. Unknown.

Etymology. The name refers to the pentagon-shaped areola of the propodeum.

Figures

FIGURE 3. A–I. Phaenospila areolator van Achterberg & Yao sp. nov., ♀, holotype. A, habitus, lateral aspect; B, wings; C, head, anterior aspect; D, head, full sight on mandible; E, head and mesoscutum, dorsal aspect; F, head and mesosoma, lateral aspect; G, mesosoma and metasoma, lateral aspect; H, mesosoma and metasoma, dorsal aspect; I, metasoma and ovipositor, lateral aspect.