Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898

Schileyko, Arkady A., Vahtera, Varpu & Edgecombe, Gregory D., 2020, An overview of the extant genera and subgenera of the order Scolopendromorpha (Chilopoda): a new identification key and updated diagnoses, Zootaxa 4825 (1), pp. 1-64 : 46-50

(!) Ethmostigmus Pocock, 1898

Figs 101–105

Type species. Scolopendra trigonopoda Leach, 1817 (by subsequent designation of Attems 1930).

Diagnosis. Median tooth of labrum well developed. Forcipular tooth-plates present, trochantero-prefemoral processes virtually absent ( Fig. 102 ). Tergites consistently lacking longitudinal keels. Sternites with paramedian sutures and/or sulci both developed to varying degrees (figs 25, 26 in Schileyko & Stoev 2016). LBS 7 with spiracles, spiracles virtually without atrium ( Fig. 103 ). Legs with tarsal spur(s). Coxopleural process ( Fig. 105 ) from moderate (fig. 34 in Schileyko & Stagl) to very long and large ( Fig. 104 ), only short in some Australian species (e.g., E. curtipes Koch, 1983 ). Ultimate legs of “common” shape ( Fig. 101 ), but in a few species—for example in Ethmostigmus rubripes rubripes (Brandt, 1840) —these legs may be much shortened and broadened (becoming pracrically “pincershaped”) as a result of geographic variability (see Schileyko & Stagl 2004: 120). Prefemur of the ultimate leg with spines plus well-developed corner spine ( Figs 101 , 105 ); claw-shaped pretarsus in most species neither elongated nor enlarged, rarely as long as tarsus 2.

Number of species. 17 ( Edgecombe & Bonato 2011), 22 ( Bonato et al. 2016), 15 ( Joshi & Edgecombe 2018), 19 ( Joshi & Edgecombe 2019).

Sexual dimorphism. Unknown.

Remarks. Treated as a genus in Edgecombe & Bonato (2011: 402), Vahtera et al. (2012a: 7, 2012b: 235, 2013: 584), Schileyko & Stoev (2016: 258), Joshi & Edgecombe (2018: 1316), Siriwut et al. (2018: 1005), Joshi & Edgecombe (2019: 1). The most recent morphological account on Ethmostigmus is Joshi & Edgecombe (2018).

Figures

FIGURES 97–101. Otostigmus (Parotostigmus) scabricauda (Humbert et Saussure, 1870); Ad. male Rc 6730 97 LBS 21 and prefemora + femora of ultimate legs ventrally; Otostigmus (P.) salticus Schileyko, Iorio & Coulis, 2018; Ad. holotype male MNHN 460 98 posterior margin of ultimate tergite + prefemora of ultimate legs dorsally; Otostigmus (P.) diringshofeni Bücherl, 1969; Ad. male Rc 7981 99 LBS 21 + prefemora of ultimate legs ventrally; Otostigmus (P.) salticus Schileyko, Iorio & Coulis, 2018; Ad. holotype male MNHN 460 100 anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite + maxillae 2 ventrally; Ethmostigmus rubripes spinosus (Newport, 1845); Juv. Rc 7174 101 left side of ultimate LBS + ultimate legs laterally; (as)—accessory spine, (bs)—basal suture of forcipular tooth-plate, (cp)— practically reduced spineless coxopleural process, (csp)—corner spine of ultimate prefemur, (cx)—coxopleuron, (dg)—digitiform process of ultimate prefemur, (p2)—pretarsus of maxilla 2, (pf)—ultimate prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (pst)—penultimate sternite, (pts)—ultimate pretarsus, (su)—ventral spines of ultimate prefemur, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plate, (ut)—ultimate tergite.

FIGURES 102–107. Ethmostigmus rubripes spinosus (Newport, 1845); Juv. Rc 7174 102 forcipular segment ventrally; Ethmostigmus rubripes platycephalus (Newport, 1845); Ad. Rc 7514 103 left pleuron of LBS 3 laterally; Ad. Rc 7513 104 LBS 21 ventrally; Sad. СDT 105 coxopleural processes + prefemora of ultimate legs ventrally; Rhysida longipes (Newport, 1845); Ad. Rc 6683 106 anterior margin of forcipular coxosternite ventrally 107 coxopleural processes, legs 20 + ultimate legs laterally; (ap)—apical spine, (bs)—basal suture of forcipular tooth-plate, (cp)—coxopleural process, (csp)—corner spine of ultimate prefemur, (cx)—coxopleuron, (im)—intersclerite membrane, (lc)—lateral spines of coxopleural process, (pf)—ultimate prefemur, (pr)—trochantero-prefemoral process, (pts)—ultimate pretarsus, (rpf)—abnormally small (regenerated) right ultimate prefemur, (rpr)—rudiment of trochantero-prefemoral process, (s)—open spiracle without atrium, (scs)— spine at place of corner spine of ultimate prefemur, (su)—spines of ultimate prefemur, (t1)—ultimate tarsus 1, (tp)—forcipular tooth-plates, (ust)—ultimate sternite.