Crinipellis pallidipilus Antonín, R. Ryoo & K.H. Ka, 2014

Antonín, Vladimír, Ryoo, Rhim, Ka, Kang-Hyeon & Sou, Hong-Duck, 2014, Three new species of Crinipellis and one new variety of Moniliophthora (Basidiomycota, Marasmiaceae) described from the Republic of Korea, Phytotaxa 170 (2), pp. 86-102 : 94-96

Crinipellis pallidipilus Antonín, R. Ryoo & K.H. Ka , sp. nov. ( Figures 1c , 4)

Mycobank MB 807009

Pileus 3–7 mm broad, hemispherical to obtusely conical or plano-conical, papillate, golden brown, pallescent to cream. Stipe 6–15 × 0.5– 0.75 mm, hairy, golden brown. Basidiospores 8.0–10 × 5.0–6.0 μm, ellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid. Cheilocystidia 12–19 × 5.5–8.0 μm, cylindrical, with apical projections. It is characterized by the following combination of characters: a small pileus with golden brown then distinctly pallescent hairs, a distinctly farinaceous smell and taste, very long, hairy rhizomorphs, rather wide basidiospores in comparison with other species described here, broom cell cheilocystidia, no pleurocystidia, and growth on bark.

Holotype:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Haenam , Mts. Duryunsan, Daeheungsa, 14 August 2012 V. Antonín, R. Ryoo, K.- H. Ka and H.- D. Sou ( BRNM 751595 ).

Etymology:—With pallescent pileipellis hairs.

FIGURE = 4. Crinipellis pallidipilus . a. cheilocystidia, b. basidiospores, c. pileus hairs. Scale bar = 20 μm.

Basidiocarps single. Pileus 3–7 mm broad, hemispherical to broadly conical then plano-conical, soon with applanate to slightly depressed centre with small central papilla which is sometimes absent in old specimens, with involute to inflexed, hairy margin, surface (except for papilla) entirely adpressedly radially fibrillose-hairy, golden brown (6– C–D6–8) when young, then hairs becoming distinctly pallescent to cream (3–4A2), background then whitish to pale cream (up to 3A2), papilla concolorous. Lamellae rather close, L = 17–19, l = 2, emarginate and shortly adnate, ± horizontal, white to pale cream, with concolorous, pubescent edge. Stipe 6–15 × 0.5–0.75 mm, cylindrical, insititious, entirely distinctly hairy, only fibrillose at apex in older specimens, hairs concolorous with those on pileus, background very pale brownish. Context thin, with distinctly farinaceous smell and taste. Rhizomorphs abundant, very long and hairy, dark brown, black-brown to black.

Basidiospores 8.0–10 × 5.0–6.0 μm, average 8.9 × 5.4 mm, E = 1.54–1.80, Q = 1.65, ellipsoid, ellipsoid-fusoid, thin-walled, non-dextrinoid. Basidia 27–35 × 8.5–11 μm, 4-spored, clavate. Basidioles 15–35 × 4.0–10 μm, clavate, cylindrical, or fusoid. Cheilocystidia 12–19 × 5.5–8.0 μm, clavate, cylindrical, thin-walled, with numerous digitate, obtuse, apical projections (broom cells) up to 8.0 × 2.0 μm. Pleurocystidia absent. Trama hyphae cylindrical to inflated, thin-walled, non-dextrinoid, up to 12(–15) μm wide. Pileipellis (hypotrichium) composed of short-celled (cells ellipsoid or fusoid), ± thin-walled, incrusted, non-dextrinoid, up to 15 μm wide hyphae with ± colourless walls in 5% KOH. Pileus hairs up to 750 × 7.0 μm, cylindrical, thick-walled (walls up to 2.0(–2.5) μm), sometimes septate and with obliterated lumen, sometimes irregular at base, obtuse to acute, dextrinoid, with pale yellow-olivaceous walls in 5 % KOH; mixed with scattered short hairs. Stipitipellis a cutis of cylindrical, parallel, thick-walled (walls up to ± 1.0 μm), dextrinoid, up to 5.0 μm wide hyphae. Stipe hairs similar to those on pileus, but smaller, c. 25–400 mm long. Clamp connections present in all tissues.

Habitat:—On a piece of bark of a living stem of Fraxinus rhynchophylla , up to c. 1.5 m high above ground.

Material studied:— REPUBLIC OF KOREA, Haenam , Mts. Duryunsan, Daeheungsa, N 34º28’43”, E 126º36’47”, elev. 125–250 m, 14 August 2012 V . Antonín (12.88), R . Ryoo , K.- H . Ka and H .- D. Sou ( HOLOTYPE, BRNM 751595 ) .

Remarks:— Crinipellis pallidipilus is characterized by having small basidiocarps with golden brown then distinctly pallescent pileus hairs, a short stipe, a distinctly farinaceous odour and taste, abundant, very long, hairy rhizomorphs, moderately long, rather wide basidiospores in comparison with other species described in this paper, cheilocystidia in the form of broom cells, no pleurocystidia, and by growing on a piece of bark. A distinct farinaceous smell and taste are unique characters in the genus Crinipellis ( Antonín 2012, Antonín & Noordeloos 2010, Kerekes & Desjardin 2009).

In comparison with other species without a red or vinaceous coloured pileus, and that have broom-cell cheilocystidia and no pleurocystidia, Crinipellis rhizomorphica has closer lamellae (L = 19–23), short, 5–15(–30) × 0.02–0.06 mm large, white rhizomorphs, larger basidiospores, (9.5–)11–13 × (4–) 4.5–5 µm, with a different E value (2.44–2.6), and larger cheilocystidia (17–33 × 6–10 µm) ( Takahashi 2011); C. canescens (= Moniliophthora canescens ) differs by having a reddish brown to brown pileus (darker at centre), narrower basidiospores (9.0–10.4 × 3.7–4.3 µm), and cheilocystidia with only one or several apical projections ( Takahashi 2000), and C. nigricaulis has a distinctly longer stipe (30–150(– 200) mm), and smaller basidiospores (7–9 × 4–5 µm; 8.5–11.5 × 3.75–4.75(–5.0) µm in var. macrospora ) ( Antonín et al. 2009, Takahashi 2000); all three species were described from Japan. Considering species from New Zealand, Crinipellis filiformis has a smaller, 1–2 mm broad pileus, and 9 × 4 µm, faintly dextrinoid basidiospores; C. substipitaria , found also in Southeast Asia has distinctly broader basidiospores (8.6–10.5 × 6.4–7.4 µm); C. procera , known also in Southeast Asia has a 5–15 mm broad pileus with a sharp central papilla, a longer stipe (60–100 mm), small (8 × 4–4.5 µm, but Kerekes & Desjardin: (7.7–)8–9.6 × 4.2–5.5 µm) basidiospores, and only 10 × 5 µm (cf. Kerekes & Desjardin: 11–20 × 4.5–8 µm) large cheilocystidia ( Kerekes & Desjardin 2009, Stevenson 1964).

Among Southeast Asian species, Crinipellis actinophora , has a darker, dark brown, then brown to greyish brown pileus, and narrower basidiospores (6–10 × 3–5 µm); C. brunnescens also has a darker, centrally dark brown, marginally brown pileus, and narrower basidiospores (6–10 × 4–5 µm); C. cupreostipes has a dark brown, then brown pileus, a very long, copper-coloured stipe (40–550 mm), and narrower basidiospores (9–11 × 4–4.5 µm); C. dipterocarpi differs in the longer stipe (11–50 mm), a different basidiospore size and the Q value (5–10 × 3–5.5 µm, Q = 2.2) ( Kerekes & Desjardin 2009). Crinipellis setipes , known from China, Thailand, NE North America and Mexico, has a dark brown pileus, a longer stipe (23–50 mm, 28–85 mm and 16–100 mm resp.), and smaller basidiospores (6–9 × 3.5–4.5 µm, 7–9 × 4–5 µm resp.) ( Bandala et al. 2012, Doyle 1987, Kerekes & Desjardin 2009).

Among South American taxa, C. podocarpi , described from Argentina, has a chestnut to fuligineous pileus centre, different sized basidiospores (7–8.2 × 5–7.2 µm), and larger cheilocystidia (12–35 × 6–8.5 µm); C. stupparia , known from Cuba, Venezuela, Columbia and Brazil, has a different basidiospore size (6–9.8 × 4–7 µm), and larger cheilocystidia (15–38 × 3.5–11 µm) ( Singer 1976).

Crinipellis nsimalensis , described from Cameroon, has a larger, 10–25 mm broad pileus, a more robust (25–60 × 1–2 mm) stipe, larger basidiospores with a different Q value (9.5–11(–12) × (4.0–)4.5–5.5(–6.5) μm, Q = 2.23), and larger cheilocystidia (25–45 × 6.0–13 μm); Crinipellis kisanganensis , known in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, has a darker pileus, dark brown at centre, brown to brownish orange at margin, a longer stipe (up to 35 mm), and narrower basidiospores (8.0–10 × 3.5–4.75 μm) ( Antonín 2012, 2013).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Photos of basidiocarps.A-a. Crinipellis birhizomorpha,A-b. two types of rhizomorphs of C. birhizomorpha, B. C. wandoensis, C-a. C. pallidipilus, C-b. one type of rhizomorph of C. pallidipilus, d. Moniliophthora conchata var. brevispora. Photo V.Antonín and K.-H. Ka.