Trichoderma dumbbelliforme T. Prameeladevi & D. Kamil, 2021

Kamil, Deeba, Toppo, R. Sudeep & Choudhary, Shiv Pratap, 2021, Trichoderma dumbbelliforme sp. nov. an undescribed fungus of order Hypocreales from India, Phytotaxa 520 (3), pp. 285-295 : 290-293

Trichoderma dumbbelliforme T. Prameeladevi & D. Kamil sp. nov. ( Fig. 2 )

Mycobank:— MB823319

GenBank:— MG459152

Holotype:— ITCC 8141

Etymology:— Named after the shape of the conidia. The type strain was isolated from the soils of the virgin forest of Nagaland, India.

Host/Distribution:— soil sample collected from Dimapur, Nagaland, India.

Diagnostic characters:— Trichoderma dumbbelliforme can be distinguished from T. spirale and T. crassum by the ornamented conidiophores, shape of the conidia and presence of hyphal bulging ( Table 2). Trichoderma dumbbelliforme produced nodules on the sterile part of the conidiophores, pyriform to dumbbell shaped conidia and catenulate hyphal swellings whereas the other two species produced smooth conidiophores, globose conidia and sub-globose to obovoid chlamydospores.

Culture characteristics:— The growth of colony was observed 4.0–5.0 cm in 4 days on PDA medium at 25 0 C moderately growing. White floccose mycelium becoming glaucous to dark green ( Ridgway 1912). Cushion like flat pustules spread throughout the plate. Yellowish orange to brown soluble pigmentation was present in the medium. Reverse of the plate was brown. The conidiophores in minute pustules or effuse, branching irregularly, the apical part of the main conidiophores axis is straight or flexuous, sterile and un-branched. Long un-branched conidiophores were imbedded with smooth and round nodules with one or two phialides at the tip.The phialides were ampulliform, mainly arising in crowded whorls of 4–6 on terminal and lateral branches. Conidia was pyriform to dumbbell shaped with the size of 4.0–6.0×2.5–3.0 µm and having two big guttulae at each end, smooth and pale green Chlamydospores were smooth globose to oval with 6.0–10.0 µm diam, catenulate and branched hyphal swellings are present.

Material examined:— INDIA, Nagaland, Dimapur district, (25 o 45’24 N ” 93 o 50’26 E ”), from soil, R. Sudeep Toppo , 23 September 2016: ex-type culture deposited in Indian Type Culture Collection ( ITCC; 8141), ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi.

Figures

FIGURE 2. Trichoderma dumbbelliforme (A) Growth on PDA, (B) Reverse of the plate, (C,D) Pustule having clustered phialides and long sterile conidiophores with one or two phialides at the tip, (E,F) Nodulation on sterile conidiophores under SEM, (G) Conidiophore branching, (H, I) Phialide disposition, (J, K) Phialides under SEM, (L) Chlamydospores and hyphal swellings, (M) Conidia, (N,O) Conidia under SEM.