Lychnophora pinaster Martius (1822: 152)

Loeuille, Benoît, Semir, João & Pirani, José R., 2019, A synopsis of Lychnophorinae (Asteraceae: Vernonieae), Phytotaxa 398 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

14. Lychnophora pinaster Martius (1822: 152) . Vernonia pinaster (Mart.) Lessing (1829: 249) . Type:— BRAZIL.

Minas Gerais: in montium districtus adamantini jugis ex. gr. in Serra da Lapa , C. F. P. von Martius s.n. (501) (lectotype:

M e! [ M0029471 ], designated by Coile & Jones (1981: 538); isolectotype : P [not seen]) ( Fig. 27 C–D ).

Vernonia trichocarpha Sprengel (1826: 437) . Lychnophora trichocarpha (Spreng.) Sprengel (1827: 298) . Piptocoma lychnophorioides Lessing (1829: 316) , nom. illeg. superfl., based on the same type as V. trichocarpha Spreng. Type:— BRAZIL, F. Sello(w) s.n. (lectotype: UC e! [UC493518], designated here; isolectotypes: B †, P [P04416544]).

Lychnophora affinis Gardner (1846: 233) . Lychnophora rosmarinus Pohl ex Schultz-Bipontinus (1863: 361) , nom. illeg. superfl. Lychnophora brunioides var. affinis (Gardner) Baker (1873: 155) . Type:— BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra de Curral del Rey, September 1840, G. Gardner 4832 (lectotype: BM e! [BM001009190], designated by Coile & Jones (1981: 538); isolectotypes: K e! [K000677875, K000677877], P [not seen], S e! [S-R-6746]).

Lychnophora rosmarinus var. eurosmarinus Schultz-Bipontinus (1863: 362) , nom. inval. Type :— BRAZIL. Inficionado, J.E. Pohl 567/3562 (holotype: W e! [ W0029036 ]; isotypes: K e! [ K000497109 ], NY [ NY01239483 ], P [ P02538909 ]).

Lychnophora rosmarinus var. normalis Schultz-Bipontinus (1863: 362) . Type:— BRAZIL. C.F.P. von Martius s.n. (n° Herbarium Florae 792) (lectotype: M, first-step lectotype designated by Coile & Jones (1981: 538), second-step lectotype designated here M e! [M0029468]; isolectotypes: BM e! [BM000939729], F e! [F0077145F (fragment)], G e! [G00300657, G00300658], LE, M e! [M0029469]; MO e! [MO02218429], P [P02538883, P02538908], W e! [W0029037]).

Lychnophora rosmarinus var. affinis Schultz-Bipontinus (1863: 363) . Type :— BRAZIL. No other data, F. Sello (w) 797/1005 (lectotype: P [ P02538914 pro parte right branch], designated here; isolectotypes: B †, K e! [ K000497117 ], P [ P00733038 ]).

Lychnophora piptocoma Sch. Bip. ex Baker (1873: 155) , nom. nud. pro syn.

Lychnophora brunioides var. pinifolia Baker (1873: 155) . Type:— BRAZIL. Serra da Caraça e S. d’Itabirina do campo, july 1839, P. Claussen 21 (lectotype: G, first-step lectotype designated by Coile & Jones (1981: 538), second-step lectotype designated here G e! [G00300660]; isolectotypes: K e! [K000497111, K000497113], G [not seen], TCD e! [TCD0006054 left branch]).

Distribution and habitat: — Brazil (Minas Gerais). Campo rupestre; 700–1900 m.

Taxonomic notes: —A common and variable species characterized by its leaves with a rough and bullate adaxial surface and an abaxial one covered by a short tomentose indument not hiding the prominent secondary veins. Very similar to Lychnophora ericoides : see that species for a discussion of the differences. There is a considerable confusion over identification of the type material of Vernonia trichocarpha . Sprengel (1826, 1827) only cited a material of Sello(w) without any number, as done by Lessing (1829: 316) and Schultz-Bipontinus (1863: 364) when referring to that name, the latter author described Lychnophora rosmarinus var. affinis based on Sello(w) 797. Baker (1873: 155–156) cited twice Sello(w) 797: under L. brunioides Martius (1822: 149) and under L. trichocarpha . In subsequent works ( Coile & Jones 1981, Semir 1991, Semir et al. 2011) the material Sello(w) 797 has been cited as type material of V. trichocarpha . Sheets of Sello(w) 797 are here not considered type material of V. trichocarpha but of Lychnophora rosmarinus var. affinis . Two different samples of L. pinaster are mounted on the same sheet at K, the branch on the right being from Gardner 4832 (K000677877) (isotype of L. affinis ) and the one on the left from Pohl 567 (K000677876) (voucher specimen for L. rosmarinus var. eurosmarinus ). In the second sheet, the same situation is displayed with a sample from Gardner 4832 (K000677875) (isotype of L. affinis ) on the left and a sample from Riedel s.n. (K000677874) (not type material).

Representative specimens: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Itabirito, Serra de Itabirito , ca. 45 km SE of Belo Horizonte, 8 February 1968, H. S . Irwin et al. 19564 ( F, NY, UB, US) ; Juramento, Serra do Catuni, Pau d’Óleo , 13 March 1999, A . Rapini & M. L . Kawasaki 773 ( SPF); Santa Bárbara, Serra do Caraça , Cascatinha , SW de Catas Altas, Ladera de cerro, 20°05’S, 43°27’W, 1270 m, 14 May 1990, M. M . Arbo et al. 4036 ( CTES, SPF, UEC) .

Figures

FIGURE 27. Lychnophora ramosissima. A. Syncephalium. L. salicifolia. B. Habit. L. pinaster. C. Syncephalium. D. Habit. L. passerina. E. habit. L. villosissima. F. Habit. L. rupestris. G. Syncephalium. A. by H. Ogasawara. B. by J.R. Pirani. C.–D. by P.M. Gonella. E. by M. Mercadante. F. by J.E.Q. de Faria Júnior. G. by B. Loeuille.