Toxopyrgotini, Korneyev, 2016

Korneyev, V. A., 2016, New Taxa And Synonymy In The Family Pyrgotidae (Diptera, Tephritoidea). I. Tribes Prodalmanniini And Toxopyrgotini, Vestnik Zoologii 50 (1), pp. 39-48 : 44-45

Tribe Toxopyrgotini trib. n.

Type genus: Toxopyrgota Hendel, 1914 .

D i a g n o s i s. Ocelli absent; frontal setae present; antennae very short, pedicel with deep incision (P); face with short, partly fused antennal grooves; epistome not developed: subcranial membrane between face and clypeus very large, but non-sclerotized (P); wing with subcostal vein entire and reaching costal vein at acute angle (?A); costal vein with humeral and subcostal break (P); cell cup closed by arcuate crossvein without posteroapical lobe (A); abdomen with sternites 1 and 2 fused ( SA with other Pyrgotinae ); male genitalia: phallic guide not developed (P); epandrium densely setose dorsally (P); inner surstylus with at least one prensiseta (thickened seta) (P); female: oviscape unmodified; eversible membrane without taeniae ( SA with Pyrgotini and Toxurini); aculeus small, as long as oviscape width at aperture ( SA with Pyrgotini and Toxurini), with sternite 8 inconspicuous ( SA with

Fig. 30–36. Toxopyrgota inclinata , ♀ (30, 35, 36) and Ò (31–34): 30, 31 — habitus, left; 32, 33 — head, left and anterior view; 34 — Ò mid coxa, hind coxa and hind trochanter; 35 — head and thorax, dorsal view; 36 — wing.

Pyrgotini and Toxurini), without anal slit ( SA with Pyrgotini and Toxurini); ventral receptacle scepter-like ( SA with other Pyrgotinae ).

This tribe is represented by its type genus, Toxopyrgota Hendel, 1914 from the Afrotropical Region .

T a x o n o m i c p o s i t i o n. Toxopyrgotini share the modified structure of eversible membrane and aculeus (see above synapomorphies) with Pyrgotini and Toxurini, clearly differing from them by several characters keeping their plesiomorphic mode: antenna with a deep pedicellar incision (notch), membranous area between face and clypeus instead of sclerotized epistome, male genitalia with inner surstylus bearing prensiseta. It is therefore believed to be a sister-group to the Pyrgotini + Toxurini lineage. This is a sufficient cause to establish the new tribe.

The setose pedicel, large subcranial membrane, vestigial proboscis and cell cup closed by arcuate vein are the reasons to hypothesize possible relationships of the Toxopyrgotini trib. n. with the enigmatic family Ctenostylidae ; however, most of these characters are reductions strongly subject to homoplasy and thus having very small weight for phylogenetic reconstructions.