Pediobius foliorum (Geoffroy, 1785)

Cao, Huan-Xi, Salle, John La & Zhu, Chao-Dong, 2017, Chinese species of Pediobius Walker (Hymenoptera: Eulophidae), Zootaxa 4240 (1), pp. 1-71 : 37-39

17. Pediobius foliorum (Geoffroy, 1785)

( Fig. 16 )

Cynips foliorum Geoffroy, in Fourcroy 1785: 388 .

Elachestus cothurnatus Nees, 1834: 141 ; ♀♂. Synonymized by Bouček, 1977: 125.

Elachestus gradualis Nees, 1834: 142 ; ♂. Synonymized with Pediobius cothurnatus by Bouček, 1965a: 29 –30.

Entedon argon Walker, 1839: 102 ; ♀. Lectotype, BMNH, not examined. Synonymized with Pediobius cothurnatus by Bouček, 1965a: 29 –30.

Rhopalotus cothurnatus (Nees, 1856) , Förster, 1856: 80.

Rhopalotus gradualis (Nees, 1834) , Förster, 1856: 80.

Pleurotropis (Rhopalotus) cothurnata (Nees, 1834) , Thomson, 1878: 256.

Derostenus splendens Cook & Davis, 1891: 13 . Lectotype ♀, USNM, not examined; designated by Burks, 1966: 41. Synonymized by Peck, 1985: 671.

Pleurotropis splendens ( Cook & Davis, 1891) , Crawford, 1912b: 163 –188.

Chrysocharis kraussei Wolff, 1916: 278 –280; ♀♂. Syntypes, not examined. Synonymized with Pediobius cothurnatus by Bouček, 1965a: 29 –30.

Pleurotropis gradualis (Nees, 1834) , Erdös, 1956: 41.

Pediobius argon ( Walker, 1839) , Graham, 1959: 190.

Pediobius splendens ( Cook & Davis, 1891) , Peck, 1963: 231.

Pediobius cothurnatus (Nees, 1834) , Bouček, 1965a: 12, 29; Bouček & Askew, 1968: 91; Bouček, 1970: 94.

Pediobius foliorum (Geoffroy, 1785) , Bouček, 1977: 125.

Diagnosis. Female clava very broad and almost as long as combined length of preceding two funicular segments, with terminal spine transformed into a thin seta ( Fig. 16 c). While in male, clava as usual and not broader than funicle ( Fig. 16 d), and body usually more vividly brassy or golden ( Fig. 16 b). In both sexes, gaster at most 1.5× as long as broad, with Gt1 occupying about 1/3 gaster, and posterior margin of Gt1 slightly protruding medially ( Figs 16 a–b).

Material examined. China, Beijing: 1♀, Yanqing, Songshan , 11.VII.2015, coll. Huan-Xi Cao ; Hebei: 4♀, Qinhuangdao, Qinglong , IX.1979, coll. Rui-Ling Wang ; Shaanxi: 4♀ 1♂, Tongchuan , 17.VI.1980 ; Zhejiang: 1♀, Hangzhou, Lin-An, Tianmu Mountains , 14.VIII.1998, coll. Ming-Shui Zhao . Determined specimens compared ( ANIC): 1♂, SWEDEN Sk. Snogholmssjǒn, VIII.1976, coll. T. H. & J. Q., det. Bouček ; 1♂, ONT Spencervile , 17.VIII.1979, coll. L.Masner, det. Bouček ; 1♀, BurnhamBeaches , Bucks. England, 06.VII.1975, coll. Bouček, det. Bouček .

Biology. Pediobius foliorum has been recorded as either a primary or a secondary parasitoid ( Noyes 2016). It was also recorded as a primary parasitoid from the pupae of Clostera anachoreta (Fabricius) ( Lepidoptera : Notodontidae ) in Baicheng, Jilin, China ( Wang et al. 1990). However, we could not examine any specimen mentioned in that paper because of missing information of specimens' depository. If this record is valid, it still requires further confirmation that if P. foliorum is a primary or a secondary parasitoid, as in the meanwhile two Eulophus species ( Eulophus spp.) ( Hymenoptera : Eulophidae ) were also reared from the larvae of Clostera anachoreta ( Wang et al. 1990) .

Distribution in China. Beijing, Hebei, Shaanxi, Zhejiang.

Remarks. It should be noticed that P. foliorum was misidentified as P. claviger by Zhu & Huang (2001). See also remarks under P. claviger .

Figures

FIGURE 16. Pediobius foliorum (Geoffroy, 1785). a: female, body in dorsal view; b: male, body in dorsal view; c: female, body in lateral view (to show antenna); d: male, body in lateral view (to show antenna); e: female, fore wing. Scale bar: 0.5 mm.