Pandrosos Bates, 1867

Mermudes, José Ricardo M. & Napp, Dilma Solange, 2009, Synopsis of the genus Pandrosos Bates, 1867 (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae), Zootaxa 2245, pp. 59-64 : 60

Pandrosos Bates, 1867

Pandrosos Bates, 1867: 23 ; Lacordaire, 1869: 499, 510; Bates, 1870: 332; 1873: 129; Gounelle, 1911: 89 (syn.); Aurivillius, 1912: 428; Monné, 1993: 77 (cat.); Mermudes & Napp, 2004: 271; Monné, 2005: 497 (cat.); Monné & Bezark, 2008: 134 (checklist).

Type species: Rhinotragus exilis White, 1855 (= Cerambyx phtisicus Klug, 1825 ) (monotypy).

Leptorrhopala Kolbe, 1893: 253 ; Aurivillius, 1912: 428 (syn).

Type species: Cerambyx phtisicus Klug, 1825 (monotypy).

Redescription. Head with short rostrum; vertex short, flat. Frons subvertical, longer than broad. Clypeal suture inconspicuous. Antennal tubercles somewhat prominent. Eyes emarginate; lower lobes very large, prominent and proximate on frons, especially in males; connected to upper lobes by a strip as wide as or wider than one upper lobe; upper lobes short, widely separated on vertex. Genae about half as long as lower lobe eyes, rounded at apex. Submentum with moderately coarse punctures, denser at sides forming sinuous, irregular rugae; pilosity yellowish poorly conspicuous. Mandibles slender, somewhat laminar, rounded externally, acute at barely curved apex. Apical segment of maxillary palps cylindrical, attenuate at base and apex, little longer than preceding two combined which are short, conical; galea cylindrical, feebly expanded apically, shorter than maxillary palp. Apical segment of labial palps cylindrical, attenuate at apex, conspicuously longer than each of two preceding; ligula membranous, deeply angulate at middle with lateral lobes well developed reaching base of apical segment of palps.

Antennae, in males, exceeding elytral apices by 2–3 segments. Scape cylindrical, subopaque. Segments 3–5 cylindrical; 6–10 subserrate, expanded at outer apex, especially 7–9.

Prothorax cylindrical, conspicuously longer than broad, base as wide as apex; sides sinuously narrowed from middle to apex and base, weakly tuberculate on each side. Pronotum with longitudinal callosity at middle and rounded gibbosity on each side near base. Prosternum, in males, without sexual punctuation. Procoxal cavities large, close to each other, narrowly open behind. Prosternal process very narrow between procoxae, expanded apically. Mesosternal process about 1/3 as wide as one mesocoxa, notched at apex to fit metasternum. Mesocoxal cavities very large, closed to epimera. Metepisterna moderately broad, narrowed behind.

Scutellum small, triangular, glabrous, impunctate. Elytra narrow, elongate, weakly sinuous at sides near middle, slightly depressed dorsally, with lateral costa above vertical epipleura. Shiny, without pubescence, coarsely, deeply, densely punctate throughout, with scattered setae more conspicuous near apex.

Legs slender. Pro- and mesocoxae conical, prominent, proximate. Femora pedunculate clavate, rounded at apex; shiny, smooth, without pubescence; peduncles slender, cylindrical, neither carinate nor sulcate; clubs moderately enlarged, about half as long as femora length. Metafemora exceeding elytral apex by at least club apex. Tibiae cylindrical, not carinate; shiny, with short, very sparse setae; metatibiae weakly sinuate. Tibial spurs elongate, particularly outer one. First segment of protarsi shorter than following two combined; first segment of metatarsi long, slender, about ¼ longer than all following combined.

Abdomen cylindrical. Urosternites practically impunctate, with few erect setae. First urosternite narrowed at base, with short intercoxal process.

Remarks. Mermudes and Napp (2004) carried out a thorough morphological study of the South American genera of Cleomenini and concluded that Pandrosos had no affinities with these genera. Otherwise, they pointed out that it had some features also found in Rhinotragini, such as the shape of the head and eyes, some aspects of the mouthparts, antennae with basal segments cylindrical, the apical ones subserrate, pro- and mesocoxae exserted and subcontiguous, wing venation, abdomen somewhat cylindrical with the first urosternite narrowed at base, and some features of the male genitalia. Therefore, Pandrosos was brought back into the Rhinotragini corroborating Bates (1867, 1870). Rhinotragini is one of the largest and most diversified tribes of Cerambycinae, and it has never been revised, so the affinities of Pandrosos within this tribe remain unclear. As already noticed by Mermudes and Napp (2004: 271), it resembles species of Ommata White, 1855 by having clavate femora, antennae longer than body with distal segments subserrate, and entire elytra.