Cremastosperma cenepense Pirie & Zapata, 2004

Pirie, Michael D., Chatrou, Lars W. & Maas, Paul J. M., 2018, A taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Cremastosperma (Annonaceae), including five new species, PhytoKeys 112, pp. 1-141 : 1

8. Cremastosperma cenepense Pirie & Zapata Fig. 16 , Map 5

Cremastosperma cenepense Pirie & Zapata, Arnaldoa 11: 13, f. 2, 9. 2004.

Type.

PERU, Amazonas: prov. Condorcanqui, Río Cenepa region, community Mamayaque, 11 Aug 1997, Rojas, R. et al. 269 (holotype: U! (barcode U0123477]; isotypes: AMAZ, HUT, MO [MO-1664376], USM).

Description.

Tree ca. 10 m tall; young twigs and petioles sparsely (axillary buds densely) covered with appressed golden hairs ca. 0.1 mm long. Leaves: petioles 4-7 by 1-2 mm; lamina elliptic to narrowly so, 12-22 by 4-8 cm (index 2.7-3), chartaceous, grey-yellow green above, light brown or yellowish-green below, glabrous on both sides, base cordate to subcordate, apex acuminate (acumen 8-10 mm long), primary vein 1-1.5 mm wide at widest point, secondary veins 7-12, intersecondary veins occasional, distance between from 2-5 mm at the base to 15-25(35) mm closer to the apex, angles with primary vein from 80-90° at the base to 50-60° closer to the apex, forming distinct loops, smallest distance between loops and margin 2-5 mm, tertiary veins more or less percurrent. Inflorescence of single, solitary flowers, axillary on leafy twigs; peduncles ca. 2 by 2 mm (in fruit); pedicels ca. 8 by 2 mm at the base (in fruit), peduncles and pedicels sparsely covered with appressed golden hairs ca. 0.1 mm long; 2 lower bracts, soon falling off; upper bract attached midway along pedicel, soon falling off; closed flower buds and flowers not observed. Monocarps 8-10, blackish-brown in sicco, ellipsoid, slightly asymmetric, 14-15 by 9-11 mm, with an excentric apicule; stipes 7-8 mm by ca. 1.5 mm; fruiting receptacle 4-7 mm diam.; monocarps, stipes and receptacle rather densely covered with appressed golden hairs ca. 0.1 mm long. Seeds ellipsoid, golden brown shallowly wrinkled (immature), ca. 12 by 7 mm, raphe sunken, regular.

Distribution.

Peru (Amazonas, in the area of the Cenepa River, a tributary of the Marañon River).

Habitat and Ecology.

Primary forest. At elevations of 250-400 m. Flowering: not recorded; fruiting: July and August.

Vernacular names.

Peru: Yais (Amarun; R. Rojas et al. 0255, 0269)

Notes.

Cremastosperma cenepense is most likely to be confused with C. yamayakatense and C. gracilipes , which are more commonly collected in northern Peru and also characterised by relatively small leaves and fruits. It differs in the shape of the leaf base (cordate or subcordate as opposed to acute in C. yamayakatense and C. gracilipes ), the indument on the fruits (rather dense as opposed to almost always absent in C. yamayakatense ) and lengths of the pedicel (shorter than that of C. gracilipes ) and stipes (shorter than those of C. yamayakatense ).

Preliminary conservation status.

Three of the only four known collections of C. cenepense are from more or less the same locality and none was found in protected areas. Given the low area of occupancy and a likely ongoing decline in area, extent and/or quality of the habitat, we propose to classify the species as Endangered [EN] (Table 1 ).

Other specimen examined.

PERU. Amazonas: Río Cenepa region, Quebrada Nahem, 780 ft a.s.l., 15 July 1974, Kayap 1078 (MO, U); Río Cenepa region, community Mamayaque, 4°34'S, 78°14'W, 400 m a.s.l., 9 Aug 1997, R. Rojas et al. 0 255 (U); Río Cenepa region, community Mamayaque, 4°37'08"S, 78°13'46"W, 400 m a.s.l., 18 Aug 1997, Rojas et al. 0351 (MO).

Figures

Map 5. Distribution of Cremastosperma bullatum Pirie; C. cauliflorum R. E. Fr.; C. cenepense Pirie & Zapata; and C. longicuspe R. E. Fr.

Figure 16. Cremastosperma cenepense Pirie & Zapata. a fruiting twig b leaf base c fruit (a, c Rojas 269; b Kayap 1078).