Enochrus esuriens ( Walker, 1858 )

Hendrich, Lars & Balke, Michael, 2004, Aquatic Coleoptera Of Singapore: Species Richness, Ecology And Conservation #, Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 52 (1), pp. 97-145 : 126

Enochrus esuriens ( Walker, 1858)

Philhydrus esuriens Walker, 1858: 209 .

Philhydrus esuriens Sharp, 1890: 350 ; Régimbart, 1903b: 56; Knisch, 1924b: 208.

Pylophilus nigriceps Motschulsky, 1859: 46 ; Knisch, 1924b: 208.

Enochrus esuriens (Walker) - Knisch, 1924b: 208; d’Orchymont, 1927: 250; 1932: 688; Fernando, 1961: 19, 23; 1964: 87; Yano et al., 1983a: 20; Hebauer, 1995b: 10; Balke et al., 1999: 325; Hansen, 1999: 181, and references therein.

Material examined. – 119 specimens - Central Catchment Area – 3 ex., Nee Soon Swamp Forest , 6 Apr.1992, Y 794D ( ZRC) ; 1 ex., Nee soon Swamp Forest, NS 22, 17 Jun.1992 ( ZRC) ; 12 ex., Nee Soon Swamp Forest , blacklight, 22 Apr.1997, coll. M. Balke & L. Hendrich ( CBH, ZRC) ; 3 ex., Lower Peirce Reservoir , after the concrete water runoff, 22 Apr.1997, NS 230a, coll. H. K. Lua ( ZRC) ; 2 ex., MacRitchie Reservoir , “Cc” inlet, 7 Jun.1994, NS 153, coll. Y.H. Lim ( ZRC) ; 4 ex., MacRitchie Reservoir , temporary pool, 13 Apr.1993, ZRC.6.18149, coll. C. M. Yang ( ZRC) ; 5 ex., Seletar Reservoir , bank, “J” inlet, 16 May.1994, ZRC.6.18479, coll. H. K. Lua ( ZRC) ; 7 ex., Seletar Reservoir , 16 May.1994, NS 134 A, coll. H. K. Lua et al. ( ZRC) ; 2 ex., Lower Peirce bank, nr. “J” stream, 9 May.1995, NS 179, coll. H. K. Lua ( ZRC) . Bukit Timah – 11 ex., Bukit Timah N.R., C.F. Lim coll. ( ZRC) ; 1 ex., Simpang Hut , 13 Dec.1989, coll. Y.H. Koo ( ZRC) ; 2 ex., Nature Reserve , 6 Dec.1995, NS 206, coll. T. Wong & H. K. Lua ( CBH, ZRC) ; 4 ex., Nature Reserve , small stream near entrance, 9 Apr.1997, coll. M. Balke & L. Hendrich ( CBH, NMW, ZRC) ; 52 ex., Nature Reserve , swamp near pond, 9 Apr.1997, coll. M. Balke & L. Hendrich ( CBH, NMW, ZRC) . Sungai Buloh – 2 ex., fish pond, 15 Nov.1990, coll. ZRC staff ( ZRC) . Pulau Ubin – 1 ex., Y35, 12 Nov.1990, coll. K. Lim ( ZRC) . Other areas – 4 ex., Science center, ecograden pond, 4 Dec.1990, coll. K. L. Yeo ( ZRC) ; 1 ex., Lorong Banir , “K” stream, 16 Jun. 1994, NS 160B, coll. K. Lim ( ZRC) ; 2 ex., Botanic Gardens , NIE Ecology pond, 22 Apr.1997, NS 227, coll. H. K. Lua ( ZRC) ; 1 ex., Lorong Banir , pond 2, 16 Jun.1995, NS 191, coll. H. K. Lua et al. ( ZRC) ; 1 ex., Bukit Batok Nature Park , artificial pond 2, 23 Apr.1997, coll. M. Balke & L. Hendrich ( CBH) .

Distribution. – Widespread the Oriental and Australasian realms. From India, Thailand, Vietnam, West Malaysia, Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia and Fiji ( Hebauer, 1995b; Hansen, 1999), Singapore (Balke et al., 1999).

Ecology. – One of the most common species of the family in Southeast Asia and often attracted to light. Its flight is often associated with heavy rains and colonises a wide variety of haitats ( Fernando, 1961; Yano et al., 1983a). It is mainly a lentic species living in very shallow water at the edge of small, exposed and weedy pools, puddles and slow flowing streams and ditches.