Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) unguiculata Edwards, 1913

Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Turner, James & Azari-Hamidian, Shahyad, 2023, An overview of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae), with updated keys to the adult females, Zootaxa 5394 (1), pp. 1-76 : 50-51

publication ID	https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5394.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:6D86633F-0167-414D-B511-550BCBE578CD
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10438273
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D45C56-1418-0F60-178C-850FFAF1A2D0
treatment provided by	Plazi (2023-12-28 08:31:07, last updated 2024-11-29 15:05:44)
scientific name	Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) unguiculata Edwards, 1913
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Uranotaenia (Pseudoficalbia) unguiculata Edwards, 1913 View in CoL ( Fig. 50 View FIGURE 50 )

Type locality. Tiberias , Israel.

Distribution. This species is found in the Oriental and Palaearctic Regions ( Azari-Hamidian et al. 2019). In the Middle East and North Africa, it has been recoded in Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Tunisia and Turkey ( Abdel-Malek 1960; Stone 1961; Wills et al. 1985; Harbach et al. 1989; Minář 1991; Amr et al. 1997; Alten et al. 2000; Brunhes et al. 2000; Knio et al. 2005; Rueda et al. 2008; Al Ahmad et al. 2011; Alahmed 2012; Sulesco et al. 2013; Tabbabi et al. 2017; Trari et al. 2017; Azari-Hamadian et al. 2019; Merdić et al. 2020; Wilkerson et al. 2021). It was recorded for the first time in Saudi Arabia by Stone (1961).

Remarks. Uranotaenia unguiculata previously included two subspecies: Ur. unguiculata unguiculata and Ur. unguiculata pefflyi Stone, 1961 (type locality: Qatif Oasis, Al Hasa Province, Saudi Arabia) ( Harbach & Wilkerson 2023). The subspecies pefflyi was the only form of the species present in the eastern parts of Saudi Arabia ( Wills et al. 1985). Also Alahmed et al. (2019) mentioned that ‘it is unlikely that the typical form, Ur. unguiculata unguiculata , is present in the country’, but this is incorrect in view of the recent synonymy of pefflyi with unguiculata by Harbach & Wilkerson (2023). Melero-Alcíbar et al. (2010) re-described the pupa of the nominotypical species.

Medical importance. Uranotaenia unguiculata does not bite humans and it is not considered to be a medical risk ( Schaffner et al. 2010); however, West Nile virus has been isolated from females ( Pachler et al. 2014).

References

Abdel-Malek, A. (1960) The culicine mosquitoes of the northern region of the United Arab Republic. Bulletin de la Societe entomologique d'Egypte, 44, 111 - 128.

Alahmed, M. A. (2012) Mosquito fauna (Diptera: Culicidae) of the Eastern Region of Saudi Arabia and their seasonal abundance. Journal King Saud University for Science, 24 (1), 55 - 62. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jksus. 2010.12.001

Alahmed, A. M., Munawar, K., Khalil, S. M. S. & Harbach, R. E. (2019) Assessment and an updated list of the mosquitoes of Saudi Arabia. Parasites & Vectors, 12, 356. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 019 - 3579 - 4

Alten, B., Caglar, S. S. & Ozer, N. (2000) Malaria and its vectors in Turkey. European Mosquito Bulletin, 7, 22 - 33.

Amr, Z. S., Al-Khalili, Y. & Arbaji, A. (1997) Larval mosquitoes collected from northern Jordan and the Jordan Valley. Journal of the American Mosquito Control association, 13 (4), 375 - 378.

Azari-Hamidian, S., Norouzi, B. & Harbach, R. E. (2019) A detailed review of the mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) of Iran and their medical and veterinary importance. Acta Tropica, 194, 106 - 122. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. actatropica. 2019.03.019

Brunhes, J., Hassaine, K., Rhaim, A. & Hervy, J. - P. (2000) Les Culicides de l'Afrique mediterraneenne: especes presentes et repartition (Diptera, Nematocera). Bulletin de la Societe entomologique de France, 105 (2), 195 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / bsef. 2000.16659

Edwards, F. W. (1913) Tipulidae and Culicidae from the Lake of Tiberias and Damascus. Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 9, 47 - 51.

Harbach, R. E., Harrison, B. A., Gad, A. M., Kenawy, M. A. & El-Said, S. (1989) Records and notes on mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) collected in Egypt. Mosquito Systematics, 20 (3), 317 - 342. [for 1988]

Harbach, R. E. & Wilkerson, R. C. (2023) The insupportable validity of mosquito subspecies (Diptera: Culicidae) and their exclusion from culicid classification. Zootaxa, 5303 (1), 1 - 184. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5303.1.1

Knio, K. M., Markarain, N., Kassis, A. & Nuwayri-Salti, N. (2005) A two-year survey on mosquitoes of Lebanon. Parasite, 12 (3), 229 - 235. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / parasite / 2005123229

Melero-Alcibar, R., Aranda, C. & Molina, R. (2010) Re-description of the pupa of Uranotaenia unguiculata (Diptera: Culicidae) and morphological key for identification of pupae of mosquito genera in the Palaearctic Region. European Mosquito Bulletin, 28, 45 - 50.

Merdic, E., Klobucar, A., Zitko, T., Bogojevic, M. S., Vrucina, I., Turic, N. & Vignjevic, G. (2020) Updated checklist of the mosquitoes (Diptera: culicidae) of Croatia. Journal of Vector Ecology, 45 (1), 135 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jvec. 12381

Minar, J. (1991) Family Culicidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 2. Psychodidae- Chironomidae. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest and Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam, pp. 74 - 113. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / mmnd. 19910380404

Pachler, K., Lebl, K., Berer, D., Rudolf, I., Hubalek, Z. & Nowotny, N. (2014) Putative new West Nile virus lineage in Uranotaenia unguiculata mosquitoes, Austria, 2013. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 20 (12), 2119 - 2122. https: // doi. org / 10.3201 / eid 2012.140921

Rueda, L. M., Pecor, J. E., Lowen, R. G. & Carder, M. (2008) New record and updated checklists of the mosquitoes of Afghanistan and Iraq. Journal of Vector Ecology, 33 (2), 397 - 402. https: // doi. org / 10.3376 / 1081 - 1710 - 33.2.397

Schaffner, F., Gatt, P., Mall, S., Maroli, M., Spiteri, G., Melillo, T. & Zaller, H. (2010) Mosquitoes in Malta: Preliminary entomological investigation and risk assessment for vector-borne diseases (Diptera: Culicidae). Bulletin of the Entomological Society of Malta, 3, 41 - 54.

Stone, A. (1961) A new subspecies of Uranotaenia unguiculata Edwards from Arabia (Diptera: Culicidae). Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington, 62 (4), 249. [for 1960]

Sulesco, T. M., Toderas, I. K. & Toderas, L. G. (2013) Anntated checklist of the mosquitoes of the Republic of Moldova. Journal of the American Mosquito Control Association, 29 (2), 98 - 101. https: // doi. org / 10.2987 / 12 - 6311 R. 1

Tabbabi, A., Rhim, A. & Daaboub, J. (2017) Mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in Tunisia, with particular attention to proven and potential vectors: A review. Journal of Tropical Diseases, 5 (5), 1000249. https: // doi. org / 10.4172 / 2329 - 891 X. 1000249

Trari, B., Dakki, M. & Harbach, R. E. (2017) An updated checklist of the Culicidae (Diptera) of Morocco, with notes on species of historical and current medical importance. Journal of Vector Ecology, 42 (1), 94 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jvec. 12243

Wilkerson, R. C., Linton, Y. - M. & Strickman, D. A. (2021) Mosquitoes of the world. Vols 1 and 2. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltomore, Maryland, 1308 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.1186 / s 13071 - 021 - 04848 - 6

Wills, W. M., Jakob, W. L., Francy, D. B., Oertley, R. E., Anani, E., Calisher, C. H. & Monath, T. P. (1985) Sindbis virus isolations from Saudi Arabian mosquitoes. Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, 79 (1), 63 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / 0035 - 9203 (85) 90238 - X