Salina tocantinensis, Oliveira¹ & Cipola² & Almeida¹, 2020

Oliveira, Fábio G. L., Cipola, Nikolas G. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2020, Systematics and biogeography of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola: Entomobryoidea), with emphasis on the species groups in the New World, Insect Systematics & Evolution 51, pp. 81-138 : 122-124

Salina tocantinensis sp.n. Oliveira & Cipola

Figures 9H , 10H , 11H , 12H , 13H , 14A and D , 15G , 16H , 18 F-G, 19E

ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/ 4829FD1A-0BBC-4436-8C9B-12D49CEE8D6D

Diagnosis

Body and legs with blue spots; Ant I with 4 mac; cephalic groove with 1 serrated mic, without smooth chaetae; Th II–Abd I with 3–4, 3–5, 1–3 central mac, respectively; Abd III with 6 lateral mac (a7, am6, pm6, p6, p7i and one unnamed); Abd IV with 8 central mac (A3–5 absent) and lateral 10 mac; collophore with 7 anterior, 2 posterior and 13 lateral flap chaetae; trochanteral organ with 13 spine-like chaetae; manubrial plate with 2 chaetae.

Type material

Holotype ♀ on slide (COLLE 047/INPA): Brazil, Tocantins, Palmas municipality, Taquaruçu district, ecological farm of “Taquaruçu”, 10°15’S, 48°08’W, Cerrado biome, 650 m, 13-20.v.2013, Pitfall-trap, AS Lopes coll. Paratypes on slides (COLLE 047A-J/ INPA): 1 ♂, 6 ♀ and 3 juveniles, same data as holotype .

Description

Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 1.46 mm. Specimens pale white with dark blue pigments on Ant I–III distally, inner side of Ant I, anterior and lateral head; lateral side of Th II to Abd V; inner side of legs with a distal spot on femora and two spots in tibiotarsi (one basal and one subapical). Eye patches black ( Figure 9H ).

Head. Ant I dorsally with 4 mac and 7 basal spiny smooth mic ( Figure 10H ). Posterior labial chaetotaxy series ‘CG’ with 8 ciliate chaetae (CG1-3, CG5–7e) and 1 serrated mic (CG4); series ‘PLM’ with 2 ciliate chaetae (PLM1–2); series ‘PLE’ with 2 ciliate chaetae (PLE1–2); lateral side with about 28 ciliate chaetae ( Figure 11H ).

Dorsal chaetotaxy. Th II with 1 ‘m’ mac (m7), and 3–4 ‘p’ mac (p1–4), p2 present or absent. Th III with 1 ‘m’ mac (m7), and 3–6 ‘p’ mac (p1i, p1–3, p5), p1, p2a and p5 present or absent ( Figure 12H ). Abd I with 1–3 ‘p’ mac (m3–5), m3 and m5 present or absent ( Figure 13H ). Abd III with 1 ‘a’ mac (a7), 2 ‘m’ mac (am6, pm6), and 3 ‘p’ mac (p6, p7i and one unnamed) (similar to S. brasiliana sp.n., Figure 14A ). Abd IV with 2 ‘A’ mac (A1, A6); 1 ‘Ae’ mac (Ae1); 3 ‘B’ mac (B3–5); 1 ‘Be’ mac (Be1); 1 ‘C’ mac (C1); 4 ‘E’ mac (E1-4); 4 ‘F’ mac (F1–F3p); 2 ‘Fe’ mac (Fe1–3); posterior side with 3 sens type IV (ps and two unnamed) (similar to S. brasiliana sp.n., Figure 14D ). Abd V with 3 ‘a’ mac (a3, a5–6); 3 ‘m’ mac (m2–3, m5); and 2 ‘p’ mac (p4–5) ( Figure 15G ).

Appendages. Trochanteral organ with 13 smooth spine-like chaetae ( Figure 16H ). Collophore anterior side with 2 subapical mac of equal length, 1 smaller median mes, and 4 proximal smooth mic; posterior side with 1 apical and 1 subapical smooth chaetae; lateral flap formula 4(s), 4(m), 5(i) smooth chaetae, 2 inferior larger ( Figures 18 F- G). Manubrial plate with 3 chaetae ( Figure 19C ). Mucro with 3–4 teeth (d1, ap, v1-2), v2 teeth present or absent ( Figure 19E ).

Etymology

The species name refers to the native indigenous name of the type locality, Tocantins State (from tupi: tocantinensis ).

Remarks

See remarks of S. maculipenis sp.n. For additional information, refer to Table 2 .

Figures

Fig. 9. Habitus of Salina spp. (dorsal view): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n. (distal half of Ant IV missing); (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.; (J), S. dedoris from Roraima state, Brazil; (K), S. tristani from Amazonas state, Brazil. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10. Head structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), Ant I dorsal chaetotaxy (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n., arrow indicates mac present or absent. (J–K), general structures of anterior and ventral head: (J), labral papillae, prelabral and labral chaetotaxy; (K), maxillary outer lobe and sublobal plate; (L), labial palp and proximal chaetae; (M), labial basolateral and basomedian fields.

Fig. 11. Head ventral chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 12. Th II–III dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 13. Abd I dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 14. Abd III–IV dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–C), Abd III: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. hamadae sp.n.; (C), S. serrana sp.n. (D–I), Abd IV: (D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. hamadae sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. bicolor sp.n.; (H), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (I), S. peruana sp.n.

Fig. 15. Abd V dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. tocantinensis sp.n.

Fig. 16. Legs structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), trochanteral organ (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n. (J–K), distal tibiotarsus and foot complex (posterior side): (J), fore leg; (K), hind leg.

Fig. 18. Collophore chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–B), Salina maculipenis sp.n.: (A), anterior side; (B), lateral and posterior side. (C–E), complete chaetotaxy (lateral view): (C), S. peruana sp.n.; (D), S. serrana sp.n.; (E), S. unisetosa sp.n.; (F–G), S. tocantinensis sp.n.: (F), anterior side; (G), lateral and posterior side.

Fig. 19. Genital plate and furcula of Salina spp.: (A–B), Genital plate of Salina serrana sp.n. (ventral view): (A), ♂; (B), ♀. (C), Distal manubrium and proximal dens of S. brasiliana sp.n. (lateral view), arrow indicates chaeta absent in manubrial plate of some species. (D–I), distal dens and mucro (inner view):(D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. bellinii sp.n.; (F), S. hamadae sp.n.; (G), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (H), S. peruana sp.n.; (I), S. serrana sp.n.