Salina bicolor, Oliveira¹ & Cipola² & Almeida¹, 2020

Oliveira, Fábio G. L., Cipola, Nikolas G. & Almeida, Eduardo A. B., 2020, Systematics and biogeography of Salina MacGillivray (Collembola: Entomobryoidea), with emphasis on the species groups in the New World, Insect Systematics & Evolution 51, pp. 81-138 : 111-113

Salina bicolor sp.n. Oliveira & Cipola

Figures 9C , 10C , 11C , 12C , 13C , 14A and G , 15C , 16C , 17E , 19G

ZooBank: http://zoobank.org/ 96929F28-A885-4C9C-A1F0-2E4276FDB3E5

Diagnosis

Head to Abd VI laterally with one black longitudinal band; Ant I with 4 mac; cephalic groove only 2 serrated mic and 1 smooth chaeta; Th II–Abd I with 1, 2, 2 central mac, respectively; Abd III with 6 lateral mac (a7, am6, pm6, p6, p7i and one unnamed); Abd IV with 7 central mac (Ae1 absent) and 9 lateral mac; collophore with 7 anterior, 4 posterior and 14 lateral flap chaetae; trochanteral organ with 12 spine-like chaetae; manubrial plate with 3 chaetae.

Type material

Holotype ♂ on slide (ICN/ UNAL): Colombia, Guaviare Department, San José del Guaviare municipality, “ Playa Güio ”, 02°34’06”N, 72°41’36”W, Amazon Forest , 179 m, 20.iv.2013, Malaise-trap, Animal Taxonomy students coll .

Description

Total length (head + trunk) of holotype 1.58 mm. Specimen pale white with black pigments on basal and distal Ant I, eyepatches, and one longitudinal band on each side of head to Abd VI ( Figure 9C ).

Head. Ant II–IV missing; Ant I dorsally with 4 mac and 6 basal spiny smooth mic ( Figure 10C ). Posterior labial chaetotaxy series ‘CG’ with 4–5 ciliate chaetae ( CG 1-3, CG 5, CG 7), 1 smooth chaeta ( CG 6p), and 2 serrated mic ( CG 4 and CG 6); series ‘PLM’ with 2 ciliate chaetae ( PLM 1–2); series ‘PLE’ with 2 ciliate chaetae ( PLE 1–2); lateral side with about 15 ciliate chaetae ( Figure 11C ).

Dorsal chaetotaxy. Th II with 1 ‘p’ mac (p3). Th III with 2 ‘p’ mac (p2–3) ( Figure 12C ). Abd I with 2 ‘p’ mac (m3, m4) ( Figure 13C ). Abd III with 1 ‘a’ mac (a7), 2 ‘m’ mac (am6, pm6), and 3 ‘p’ mac (p6, p7i and one unnamed) (similar to S. brasiliana sp.n., Figure 14A ). Abd IV with 2 ‘A’ mac (A1, A6); 1 ‘Ae’ mes (Ae1); 3 ‘B’ mac (B3–5); 1 ‘Be’ mac (Be1); 1 ‘C’ mac (C1); 1 ‘E’ mac (E1); 4 ‘F’ mac (F1–F3p); 4 ‘Fe’ mac (Fe1–3, Fe6); posterior side with 3 sens type IV (ps and two unnamed) ( Figure 14G ). Abd V with 4 ‘a’ mac (a0, a3, a5–6); 4 ‘m’ mac (m0, m2–3, m5); and 6 ‘p’ mac (p0-5) ( Figure 15C ).

Appendages. Trochanteral organ with 12 smooth spine-like chaetae ( Fig 16C ). Collophore anterior side with 3 subapical mac of equal length, and 4 proximal smooth mic; posterior side with 1 apical and 3 subapical smooth chaetae; lateral flap formula 4(s), 5(m), 5(i) smooth chaetae, 2 inferior larger ( Figure 17E ). Manubrial plate with 3 chaetae ( Figure 19C ). Mucro with 4 teeth (d1, ap, v1-2) ( Figure 19G ).

Etymology

The species name refers to the longitudinal pattern of black and white color of the body ( Figure 9C ).

Remarks

Salina bicolor sp.n. resembles S. greensladeae Yoshii & Suhardjono, 1989 from Indonesia, by head to Abd VI with a black longitudinal band from each side, Th II–Abd I with 1, 2, 2 central mac, respectively, and others general characteristics (see Yoshii & Greenslade 1993: 78). However, S. bicolor sp.n. differs from this species by sublobal plate with 3 appendages (atypical 1 in S. greensladeae ), collophore with 7 anterior chaetae (11 in S. greensladeae ) and 4 posterior smooth chaetae (6 ciliated in S. greensladeae ), and mucro with 4 teeth (3 in S. greensladeae ). Salina bicolor sp.n. also differs by despigmented legs, while S. greensladeae has a band on femur and tibiotarsus. For additional information, refer to Table 2 .

Figures

Fig. 9. Habitus of Salina spp. (dorsal view): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n. (distal half of Ant IV missing); (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.; (J), S. dedoris from Roraima state, Brazil; (K), S. tristani from Amazonas state, Brazil. Scale bars: 0.5 mm.

Fig. 10. Head structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), Ant I dorsal chaetotaxy (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n., arrow indicates mac present or absent. (J–K), general structures of anterior and ventral head: (J), labral papillae, prelabral and labral chaetotaxy; (K), maxillary outer lobe and sublobal plate; (L), labial palp and proximal chaetae; (M), labial basolateral and basomedian fields.

Fig. 11. Head ventral chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 12. Th II–III dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 13. Abd I dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n.

Fig. 14. Abd III–IV dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–C), Abd III: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. hamadae sp.n.; (C), S. serrana sp.n. (D–I), Abd IV: (D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. hamadae sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. bicolor sp.n.; (H), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (I), S. peruana sp.n.

Fig. 15. Abd V dorsal chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. serrana sp.n.; (G), S. tocantinensis sp.n.

Fig. 16. Legs structures of Salina spp.: (A–I), trochanteral organ (right): (A), Salina brasiliana sp.n.; (B), S. bellinii sp.n.; (C), S. bicolor sp.n.; (D), S. hamadae sp.n.; (E), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (F), S. peruana sp.n.; (G), S. serrana sp.n.; (H), S. tocantinensis sp.n.; (I), S. unisetosa sp.n. (J–K), distal tibiotarsus and foot complex (posterior side): (J), fore leg; (K), hind leg.

Fig. 17. Collophore chaetotaxy of Salina spp.: (A–B), Salina brasiliana sp.n.: (A), anterior side; (B), lateral and posterior side. (C–D), S. bellinii sp.n.: (C), anterior side; (D), lateral and posterior side. (E), complete chaetotaxy (lateral view) of S. bicolor sp.n. (F–G), S. hamadae sp.n.: (F), anterior side; (G), lateral and posterior side.

Fig. 19. Genital plate and furcula of Salina spp.: (A–B), Genital plate of Salina serrana sp.n. (ventral view): (A), ♂; (B), ♀. (C), Distal manubrium and proximal dens of S. brasiliana sp.n. (lateral view), arrow indicates chaeta absent in manubrial plate of some species. (D–I), distal dens and mucro (inner view):(D), S. brasiliana sp.n.; (E), S. bellinii sp.n.; (F), S. hamadae sp.n.; (G), S. maculipenis sp.n.; (H), S. peruana sp.n.; (I), S. serrana sp.n.