Acestrorhamphinae

Melo, Bruno F, Ota, Rafaela P, Benine, Ricardo C, Carvalho, Fernando R, Lima, Flavio C T, Mattox, George M T, Souza, Camila S, Faria, Tiago C, Reia, Lais, Roxo, Fabio F, Valdez-Moreno, Martha, Near, Thomas J & Oliveira, Claudio, 2024, Phylogenomics of Characidae, a hyper-diverse Neotropical freshwater fish lineage, with a phylogenetic classification including four families (Teleostei: Characiformes), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society (Zool. J. Linn. Soc.) 202 (1), pp. 1-37 : 29

Acestrorhamphinae Eigenmann 1907, new usage

Type genus: Acestrorhamphus Eigenmann and Kennedy 1903 , junior synonym of Oligosarcus Günther 1864 .

Included genera: Andromakhe Terán et al., 2020 , Astyanax (in part), Ctenobrycon , Hyphessobrycon (in part), Oligosarcus , and Psalidodon (in part).

Definition: The least inclusive crown clade that contains Oligosarcus argenteus , Ctenobrycon olioerai Benine et al., 2010 and Psalidodon fasciatus (Cuvier, 1819) . This is a minimum-crown-clade definition. See Figure 7 for a reference phylogeny of Acestrorhamphinae .

Etymology: From the ancient Greek ἄκεστΡα (ˈɑːkɛstɹə) meaning a darning needle and ῥάμϕος (ɹˈaemfo͡ʊz) meaning curved beak.

Remarks: The subfamily Acestrorhamphinae is resolved as monophyletic in the UCE phylogeny and comprises four major lineages ( Fig. 7 ): Ctenobrycon , Astyanax , a clade containing Hyphessobrycon and Oligosarcus , and Psalidodon . There are modifications to the taxonomy for each of these lineages that are outlined below.

Ctenobrycon includes four species C. spilurus (Valenciennes, 1850) , C. olioerai , and two species transferred here: Ctenobrycon kennedyi (Eigenmann, 1903) (former Psellogrammus kennedyi ) and C. magdalenae (Eigenmann and Henn, 1916) (former Astyanax magdalenae ) ( Fig. 7 ). The taxonomic history starts with the description of Ctenobrycon with Tetragonopterus hauxwellianus Cope, 1870 as the type species based on the presence of ctenoid (= spinoid) scales in the pre-ventral region (Eigenmann 1908). The monotypic genus Psellogrammus , with Hemigrammus kennedyi Eigenmann, 1903 as type species, was described in the same study (Eigenmann 1908). Tetragonopterus spilurus Valenciennes, 1848 was transferred to Ctenobrycon (Eigenmann 1910) . A close relationship between

Figures

Figure 7. Phylogeny of Acestrorhamphidae and subfamilies Thayeriinae, Rhoadsiinae, Grundulinae, and Acestrorhamphinae based on 1348 nuclear loci of ultraconserved elements (538 472 bp). Numbers near nodes represent bootstrap support.