Anomala pseudoeucoma Filippini , Micó

Filippini, Valentina, Micó, Estefania & Galante, Eduardo, 2013, Redescription of Anomala eucoma Bates, 1888 and a description of three new species from Costa Rica (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae), Zootaxa 3670 (2), pp. 255-273 : 268-269

Anomala pseudoeucoma Filippini, Micó , & Galante, new species

Fig. 5

Material examined. Holotype: ɞ "Est. Hitoy Cerere, 100m, R. Cerere, Res. Biol. Hitoy Cerere, Prov. Limón, COSTA RICA, R. Guzman. 12 – 28 Abr 1992. L_N_184600_643400 #1137 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000393407" ( INBIO).

Paratypes (20): 1ɞ "Alajuela, Costa Rica, San Ramon, Rio S. Lorencito, 800m 3 octubre 1986 Col: A. Solis Blanco. / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI002517836"; 1Ƥ "Alajuela, Costa Rica. Reserva de San Ramón. Río San Lorencito, 850m. 1 abril 1987 Angel Solís / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI002517838"; 1Ƥ "Alajuela, Costa Rica. Reserva de San Ramón. Río San Lorencito, 850m. 1 abril 1987 Angel Solís / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI002517839"; 1Ƥ "Alajuela, Costa Rica. Reserva de San Ramón. Río San Lorencito, 850m. 1 abril 1987 Angel Solís / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI002517840"; 2ɞ "Albergue Heliconias, Prov. Alajuela, Costa Rica. 11/11/ 2007 Leg. D. Gutiérrez" CEUA 00105078 and CEUA 00105079; 1Ƥ "Albergue Heliconias, Prov. Alajuela, Costa Rica. 31/01/2008 Leg. D. Gutiérrez / CEUA 00105081"; 1ɞ "Albergue Heliconias, Prov. Alajuela, Costa Rica. 14/ 09/2007 Leg. D. Gutiérrez / CEUA 00105082"; 1ɞ "Cerro Tortuguero, 0–100m, P. N. Tortuguero, Prov. Limon, COSTA RICA, R. Delgado, 26 Ene–14 Feb 1992, L- N 285000_588000 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000334543"; 1ɞ "Cerro Tortuguero, 0–120m, P. N. Tortuguero, Prov. Limon, COSTA RICA, R. Delgado, Set 1991, L- N 285000_588000 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000479636"; 1ɞ "Cerro Tortuguero, P. N. Tortuguero, 0 – 100m, Prov. Limon, COSTA RICA. J. Solano, May 1990. L- N 285000_588000 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000242771"; 1Ƥ "Cerro Tortuguero, P. N. Tortuguero, Prov. Limon, COSTA RICA. 100 m. Nov 1989. J. Solano, L N 285000_588000 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000055767"; 1ɞ "Cerro Tortuguero, P. N. Tortuguero, Prov. Limon, COSTA RICA. 100 m. Nov 1989. J. Solano, L N 285000_588000 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000141229"; 1ɞ "Est. La Casona, 1520 m, Res. Biol. Monteverde, Prov. Punt. COSTA RICA, N. Obando, Oct 1991, L- N 253250_4497001 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000632624"; 1ɞ "Est. La Casona, 1520 m, Res. Biol. Monteverde, Prov. Punt. COSTA RICA, N. Obando, Oct 1991, L- N 253250_449700 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000632689"; 1ɞ "Fca. Cafrosa, Est. Las Mellizas, P. N. Amistad, Puntarenas Pr. COSTA RICA, 1300 m. 20 Aug – 4 Set 1989, M. Ramirez & G. Mora, L S 316100_596100 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI000093803"; 1Ƥ " Isla Bonita, Prov. Alajuela, Costa Rica. 12/07/2007 Leg. M. Moraga / CEUA 00105080"; 1ɞ "Limon, Costa Rica Reserva Hitoy– Cerere Rio Cerere 100 msnm 24 marzo 1987 Angel Solis / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI002517319"; 1ɞ "San Luis, Monteverde, Prov. Punta., COSTA RICA, 1040 m. nov 1993. Z. Fuentes L- N 250850 _449250 #2443 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI001937988"; 1ɞ "R.B. Hitoy Cerere, Valle La Estrella, Prov. Limon, COSTA RICA. 100– 200m. 9–14 May 1994, G. Carballo, L N 643400_184600 # 2856 / COSTA RICA INBIOCRI001799052".

Description. Male. Body shape oval. Length 12.16 mm. Width 6.57 mm. Head, pronotum, scutellum, and pygidium dark reddish brown; legs and underside reddish brown; elytra dark brown with a light horizontal band along the anterior margin. The entire surface is covered with fine, blonde setae.

Clypeus trapezoidal, with shallow and large reticulate punctures; ratio width/length 2.04. Anterior angles rounded. Frons densely punctate, flat, gradually curving towards vertex (no boundary clearly visible between the two parts). Ocular canthum long, thin, and rounded at apex. Interocular ratio (interocular width/width of eye): 3.03. Antenna: ratio funiculus/club 0.69.

Pronotum trapezoidal, width 1.58 times length. Lateral margins forming an obtuse angle at 1/3 of pronotum length. Anterior angles right and sharp, posterior angles obtuse and rounded. Basal margin thin and complete but partially obliterated in the middle, sinuate. Entire surface with deep punctures.

Scutellum subpentagonal to subtriangular in shape, with rounded sides, surface finely punctate. Ratio width/ length 1.47.

Elytra with striae defined by shallow grooves, surface with punctures coalescent. On light bands, dark spots show the striae-defining punctures and sparse punctures in the interstices. Lateral margin convex, larger at base, disappearing on apex. Marginal membrane almost complete.

Pygidium finely granulate, with all setae equal in size. Triangular in shape. Slightly convex in lateral view. Ratio width/length 1.94.

Metasternal disc slightly sulcated, densely setose. Space between the mesocoxae narrow, slightly convex, width 0.17 mm. Mesometasternal suture well defined at base of mesocoxae.

Abdominal sternites with numerous (5–10) irregular transverse rows of setae, and elongate punctures that fuse at sides. Last sternite strigate, with apical margin well defined and slightly sinuate.

Protibia with 2 teeth ( Fig.10 ), apical tooth long and slightly curved; second tooth at the same level of internal apex of protibia, triangular in shape, obtuse. Metatibia stout, slightly narrower subapically. Ratio length/width 3.97. First carina poorly defined by isolated spines. Surface punctate above second carina and rugose below.

Protarsal claws: external claw strongly curved; ratio length/height: 1.82; internal claw bifurcate, with upper branch slightly shorter and more than half the width of the lower one. Inferior margin sinuate.

Aedeagus ( Figs. 23–25 ): parameres with blunt apex, protruding from the strongly sinuate ventral margin. Endophallus ( Fig. 32 ) composed by a long ventral sacculus with a ridge of thick spines on dorsal margin, and a swollen shorter dorsal sacculus with a wide patch of sclerotized setae on left side. Gonopore ventral, between the two sacculi.

Female: similar to male, but the antennal club is slightly shorter than in males. Apical tooth of protibia ( Fig. 10 ) wider and longer than in males; second tooth above internal apex. Internal protarsal claw narrower than in males, inferior margin straight. Metatibia stouter than in males. Last abdominal sternite with curved margin.

Variation: Underside from reddish brown to dark brown; elytra dark brown to bluish black; in some specimens with homogeneous colour (without the basal lighter band), and rarely, with a barely distinguishable median band. In some specimens, particularly the darker ones, the denser and thicker setae give the pronotum a velvety blond appearance. Second tooth of protibia at the same level or slightly above internal apex of protibia. On endophallus, the patch of setae on dorsal sacculus extends further frontally in some specimens.

Body length 11.34–12.63 mm, body width 6.57–7.20 mm. Clypeus w/l: 1.81–2.10. Interocular ratio (interocular width/width of eye): 2.94–3.45. Antenna: ratio funiculus/club 0.69–0.71. Pronotum w/l: 1.58–1.65. Scutellum w/l: 1.26–1.47. Pygidium w/l: 1.65–1.94. Width between mesocoxae: 0.16–0.24 mm. Metatibia w/l: 2.79–3.97. External claw l/h: 1.37–1.82.

Diagnosis. Anomala pseudoeucoma can be distinguished from the other species described here by its dark and uniform brown colour, median size, frons nearly continuous with apex, first carina of metatibia obliterated, surface of metatibia punctate above second carina, parameres with strongly sinuate inferior margin, and endophallus with two patches of sclerotized spines and setae that can be distinguished even in the inverted endophallus.

This species is very similar to A. eucoma , especially in the lighter specimens; A. pseudoeucoma can be distinguished by the following characters: shorter and less curved apical tooth in male protibia; large internal claw in males, with inferior border more strongly sinuate; narrower intermesocoxal space, and less convex than in A. eucoma . As in the case of A. eucoma , the brown and trapezoidal pronotum easily distinguishes this species from A. amphicoma . Anomala flavacoma is smaller and much lighter in colour, with marked sides of frons with vertex, metatibia with oblong punctures above second carina. Anomala megaparamera is much smaller in size, with larger parameres and endophallus with diverticles and setae less sclerotized and more diffuse.

Distribution. Widely distributed, with localities recorded in Guanacaste and the Tilarán mountain ranges to the north, the Talamanca Mountain Range near the border with Panama to the south, and Caribbean lowlands. Altitudinal range varies from 0 m to above 1500 m ( Fig. 36 ).

Etymology. From Greek "pseudo-", false, and " eucoma ", for its similarity with A. eucoma .

Figures

FIGURE 36. Distribution of Anomala pseudoeucoma.

FIGURES 2 – 5. Habitus images. 2: Anomala eucoma (paralectotype, Las Mercedes, Guatemala). 3: A. flavaeucoma (female paratype, Estación Hitoy Cerere, Costa Rica). 4. A. megaparamera (holotype). 5: A. pseudoeucoma (holotype). Scale = 5 mm.

FIGURES 7 – 10. Shape of protibia in 7: Anomala eucoma (paralectotype, Las Mercedes, Guatemala); 8: A. flavacoma (3 holotype, Ƥ Hitoy Cerere, Costa Rica); 9: A. megaparamera (3 holotype, Ƥ paratype, Cuatro Esquinas, Costa Rica); 10: A. pseudoeucoma (3 holotype, Ƥ paratype, Reserva de San Ramón, Costa Rica). Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 11 – 25. 11 – 16. Aedeagus of A. eucoma (paralectotype, Las Mercedes, Guatemala). 11: Dorsal aspect. 12: Ventral aspect. 13: Lateral aspect; a: dorsal section: part of the dorsal margin that corresponds to the joint between the two parameres; b: dorsal margin: margin of the paramere dorsal with respect to apex; conversely, the ventral part is the ventral margin, which in these species can be divided in c: posterior ventral margin; and d: anterior ventral margin, in relation to the angle formed by the curvature of the margin. Parameres of Costa Rican specimens showing slight variation among populations. 14: San José, Universidad de Costa Rica. 15: Estación Las Pailas, Guanacaste. 16: Estación Sirena, Parque Nacional Corcovado. 17 – 19. Aedeagus of Anomala flavacoma (paratype, Estación Cabro Muco, Costa Rica). 17: Dorsal aspect. 18: Ventral aspect. 19: Lateral aspect. 20 – 22. Aedeagus of Anomala megaparamera (holotype). 20: Dorsal aspect. 21: Ventral aspect. 22: Lateral aspect. 23 – 25. Aedeagus of Anomala pseudoeucoma (paratype, Hitoy Cerere, Costa Rica). 23: Dorsal aspect. 24: Ventral aspect. 25: Lateral aspect. Scale = 1 mm.

FIGURES 26 – 32. 26 – 29. Endophallus of Anomala eucoma showing variation among populations. 26: Paralectotype, Las Mercedes, Guatemala. 27: San José, Universidad de Costa Rica, Costa Rica. 28: Estación Las Pailas, Guanacaste, Costa Rica. 29: Estación Sirena, Parque Nacional Corcovado, Costa Rica. 30. Endophallus of Anomala flavacoma (holotype). 31. Endophallus of Anomala megaparamera (holotype). 32. Endophallus of Anomala pseudoeucoma (holotype). Scale = 1 mm. The arrows show the position of the gonopore.