Janicella spinicauda (A.Milne-Edwards, 1883)

Cardoso, Irene & Contents, Paulo Young Table Of, 2005, Deep-sea Oplophoridae (Crustacea Caridea) from the southwestern Brazil, Zootaxa 1031 (1), pp. 1-76 : 39-42

Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883)

( Figs 29–33 )

Oplophorus spinicauda A. Milne Edwards, 1883; Chace, 1940: 184, fig. 54; Kensley, 1972: 38, fig. 17D, E.

Oplophorus foliaceus Rathbun, 1906: 922 , pl. 20, fig. 8; De Man, 1920: 48.

Acathephyra anomala Boone, 1927: 104, fig. 21.

Janicella spinicauda – Chace, 1986: 44, figs 23, 24; Kensley, 1987: 285.

Material examined: Revizee Program: D­0536, 20°0'S, 34°40'W, 1293m, 5324 specimens, MNRJ 14108 ; D­0416, 18°02'S, 36°06'W, 56m, 1391 specimens, MNRJ 14109 ; D­0463, 21°48'S, 40°02'W, 37m, 3267 specimens, MNRJ 14110 ; D­0471, 21°31'S, 39°47'W, 138m, 242 specimens, MNRJ 14142 ; E­0536, 20°24’S, 39°46’W, 1293m, 3 females (8 to 9.5mm), 1 male (9.5mm), MNRJ 14854 ; E­0526, 20°06’S, 38°40’W, 32m, 1 female (8mm), MNRJ 14855 ; E­0528, 19°45’S, 39°03’W, 1237m, 1 ovigerous female (9mm), 1 female (9mm), 1 male (8mm), MNRJ 14856 ; E­0535, 19°58’S, 39°38’W, 1002m, 1 male (9mm), MNRJ 14857 ; E­0529, 19°48’S, 39°02’W, 1337m, 1 male (8.5mm), MNRJ 14859 ; E­0546, 21°43’S, 40°03’W, 565m, 2 males (7.5, 8mm), MNRJ 14858 ; E­0541, 21°13’S, 40°14’W, 557m, 4 ovigerous females (9 to 10mm), 16 females (7.5 to 9mm), 14 males (8.5 to 9mm), MNRJ 14860 ; E­0533, 19°42’S, 39°26’W, 239m, 2 females (7.5, 9mm), 1 male (9mm), MNRJ 14861 ; E­0538, 20°27’S, 39°38’W, 1680m, 1 juvenile (7mm), MNRJ 14862 ; E­0543, 21°23’S, 40°11’W, 666m, 1 male (9mm), MNRJ 14863 ; E­0534, 19°42’S, 39°21’W, 613m, 2 ovigerous females (9.5, 10mm), 9 females (8 to 10mm), 17 males (6.5 to 9.5mm), MNRJ 14864 ; E­0523, 19°42’S, 38°32’W, 922m, 2 males (9, 9.5mm), MNRJ 14865 . Oceanprof I: A­18, 22°15'S, 39°47'W, 1608m, 1 ovigerous female (11mm), 2 females (4.5, 10.5mm), 3 males (7.5 to 11mm), MNRJ 19047 ; A­1, 22°24'S, 39°54'W, 1128m, 2 females (6, 9mm), MNRJ 19048 ; A­12, 22°11'S, 39°47'W, 1632m, 2 females (7.5, 8mm), MNRJ 19180 ; 22°15'S, A­17, 39°51'W, 1294m, 31 ovigerous females (8.5 to 11mm), 15 female (7 to 10.5mm), 20 males (8 to 11mm), MNRJ 19181 ; A­10, 22°11'S, 39°51'W, 1144m, 3 females (4 to 7mm), 4 males (7–11mm), MNRJ 19182 ; A­4, 22°24'S, 39°54'W, 1128m, 3 ovigerous females (10 to 10.5mm), 5 females (7.5 to 9.5mm), 4 males (9 to 11mm), MNRJ 19183 ; A­5, 22°27'S, 39°54'W, 1320m, 3 females (8 to 11mm), MNRJ 19194 ; A­2, 22°24'S, 39°55'W, 1130m, 1 female (8.5mm), MNRJ 19213 ; A­7, 22°45'S, 40°19'W, 1124m, 3 females (6.5 to 7mm), 3 males (5.5 to 7mm), MNRJ 19214 ; A­14, 21°50'S, 39°49'W, 1358m, 1 male (9mm), MNRJ 19215 ; A­11, 22°10'S, 39°48'W, 1319m, 3 males (9 to 10mm), MNRJ 19216 ; A­18, 22°15'S, 39°47'W, 1608m, 1 ovigerous female (9.5mm), 2 females (7, 7.5mm), 1 male (10.5mm), MNRJ 19218 ; A­6, 22°27'S, 39°52'W, 1649m, 1 female (8mm), MNRJ 19219 ; A­16, 22°15'S, 39°53'W, 1071m, 1 male (7mm), MNRJ 19224 .

Diagnosis: Carapace with rostrum overreaching scaphocerite, ventral margin with six teeth, dorsal margin with 12 teeth; antennal spine absent; branchiostegal spine not well marked, without distinct carina. Scaphocerite with four teeth on mesial outer margin. Abdomen dorsally carinate on somites 2 to 4, with strong posteromesial tooth, the one of somite 2 distinctly strong; somites 1 and 2 with pleura ventral margin convexly incised in male. Male pleopod 1, endopod leaf like, densely plumose, articulated setae on lateral margins, several pectinate setae on outer surface, several hook setae on apex; male pleopod 2 without appendix masculina; appendix interna with densely plumose setae on lateral margins, rounded apex with several hook setae.

Description: Eyestalk with ocellus on medio­distal portion ( Fig. 29B ). Rostrum longer than carapace, overreaching scaphocerite, ventral margin with six teeth, dorsal margin with 12 teeth ( Fig. 29A ); dorsal margin carinate throughout entire length; antennal spine absent; branchiostegal spine not well marked, without distinct carina; supraorbital and pterygostomian spines absent; cervical groove present; suprabranchial carina absent ( Fig. 29A ). Stylocerite short, slightly rounded apex, reaching half of first antennular peduncle article; first antennular peduncle article with rounded tooth on distal outer margin reaching 2/3 of second antennular peduncle article ( Fig. 29C ). Scaphocerite ending in acute apex, four strong teeth on outer margin and densely plumose setae on inner margin ( Fig. 29D ). Mandible with palp three­articulated; incisor process with about 16 serrate teeth; molar process reduced, triangular, with a row of small teeth ( Fig. 30A, B ). Maxilla 1 with two endites; distal endite with several pectinate setae on distal margin, stout, pectinate setae on inner margin, several pappose setae on basal margin; basal endite rounded, pappose setae on distal and inner margins; palp with several pectinate setae on distal and inner margins, without protuberance ( Fig. 30C ). Maxilla 2 with two endites; distal endite bilobed, distal lobe with pappose setae on distal margin, pectinate setae on inner margin; basal lobe with pectinate setae on inner margin; basal endite bilobed, rounded, both lobes with pappose setae on inner margin; endopod shorter than endites, pectinate setae on apex and outer margin; scaphognathite with densely plumose setae on all margins ( Fig. 30D ). Maxilliped 1 with two endites, distal with pappose and pectinate setae on inner margin; basal endite with pappose setae on inner margin; endopod bi­articulated, shorter than basal endite, several pappose setae on apex; exopodal lobe with densely plumose setae in all margins ( Fig. 30E ). Maxilliped 2 endopod with ischium and merus fused, pappose setae on inner margin; carpus short; propod rounded with long, stout, pectinate setae on distal and inner margins; dactyl with long, stout, pectinate setae on inner margin; exopod with densely plumose setae on all margins ( Fig. 30F ). Maxilliped 3 slender, elongate, simple setae in all articles, propod­dactyl with tufts of long, stout, pectinate setae on inner margin, stout setae on outer margin; exopod with densely plumose setae on all margins ( Fig. 30G ). Pereopods 1 and 2 chelate. Pereopod 3 propod with six robust teeth on inner margin. Pereopod 4 propod with four teeth on inner margin. Pereopod 5 propod unarmed on inner margin, dactyl not rounded, claw like ( Fig. 29A ). Epipods with mesial teeth present on pereopods 1 to 3; epipods well developed on pereopod 4, except for vertical component ( Fig. 31A, B ). Abdomen dorsally carinate on somites 2 to 4; somites 2 to 4 with posteromesial tooth; the one of somite 2 distinctly strong; somite 6 longer than somite 5 ( Fig. 29A ). Male pleopod 1 endopod leaf like, densely plumose, articulated setae on lateral margins, several pectinate setae on inner surface, and several hook setae on apex ( Fig. 31C ). Male pleopod 2 without appendix masculina; appendix interna with densely plumose setae on lateral margins, rounded apex, with several hook setae ( Fig. 31D ). Female pleopod 1, endopod leaf shaped, with numerous plumose articulated setae on lateral margins ( Fig. 31E ). E xopod of uropod with complete diaresis, distal spine on outer margin ( Fig. 32A ). Telson sulcate in dorsal midline, three pairs of dorsolateral stout setae ( Fig. 32A ), spinose end piece flanked by pair of long, stout, pectinate setae, formed by ten pairs of stout, pectinate setae ( Fig. 32B ).

Distribution: Western Atlantic: U.S.A. (east coast of Florida), Bermuda, Bahamas, Caribbean Sea, Honduras, Brazil (Bahia to Rio de Janeiro). Indian and Pacific Oceans: north of Madagascar, southwestern India, Philippines, Hawaii. Adults probably are mesopelagic ( Chace 1940, 1986).

Remarks: This species is widespread in the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. In the Western Atlantic, this species occurs in North and Central America. This is the first record of this species from South American waters ( Fig. 33 ).

The genus Janicella is monotypic and was created by Chace (1986) to accommodate Oplophorus spinicauda A. Milne Edwards, 1883 that has the abdominal somite 2 with a dorsal tooth, the abdominal somite 5 without a dorsal tooth and the male pleopod 2 not bearing an appendix masculina.

The material examined agrees with the description of Chace (1940) with the carapace without ventral posterior tooth, the abdominal somites 2 to 4 with a dorsal tooth, and the telson with spinose end piece flanked by long, stout setae. The Brazilian material also agrees with Chace's (1986) description in having the rostrum longer than carapace, with 12 dorsal and six ventral teeth, the scaphocerite with four teeth on outer margin, and the ventral margin of pleura of abdominal somites 1 and 2 with a convex incision in males.

Figures

FIGURE 29 — Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883), male, MNRJ 14857 (carapace length 9mm); A, lateral view; B, ocular peduncle and cornea, lateral view; C, right antennule, dorsal view; D, right scaphocerite, dorsal view (as, antennal spine; cg, cervical groove; st, stylocerite).

FIGURE 30 — Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883), male, MNRJ 14857; A, left mandible, dorsal view; B, right mandible, dorsal view; C, left maxilla 1, dorsal view; D, left maxilla 2, dorsal view; E, left maxilliped 1, dorsal view; F, left maxilliped 2, dorsal view; G, left maxilliped 3, dorsal view.

FIGURE 31 — Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883), male, MNRJ 14857; A, epipod of right second pereopod, lateral view; B, epipod of left second pereopod, lateral view; C, endopod of right first pleopod, lateral view; D, appendix interna of right second pleopod, lateral view (ai, appendix interna). Janicella spinicauda (A, Milne Edwards, 1883), female, MNRJ 14856 (carapace length 9mm) E, endopod of right first pleopod, lateral view.

FIGURE 32 — Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883), male, MNRJ 14857; telson and uropods, dorsal view.

FIGURE 33 — Geographic distribution of Janicella spinicauda (A. Milne Edwards, 1883).