Notostomus elegans, A.Milne-Edwards, 1881

Cardoso, Irene & Contents, Paulo Young Table Of, 2005, Deep-sea Oplophoridae (Crustacea Caridea) from the southwestern Brazil, Zootaxa 1031 (1), pp. 1-76 : 46-51

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.1031.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:BDBAFE95-EF09-4574-9308-B8F39657CD1E
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D05B22-FF92-A20E-FE9E-FC144E730D74
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Notostomus elegans
status

Treatment

Notostomus elegans A. Milne Edwards, 1881

( Figs 34–38 View FIGURE 34 View FIGURE 35 View FIGURE 36 View FIGURE 37 View FIGURE 38 )

Notostomus elegans A. Milne Edwards, 1881: 7; Crosnier & Forest, 1973: 49; Chace, 1986: 56, figs 28D–F, 29C–E, 30; Kensley, 1987: 287.

Notostomus patentissimus Bate, 1888: 826 , pl. 123, figs 1, 1A–C, 2.

Notostomus longirostris Bate, 1888: 833 , pl. 135, fig. 4.

Notostomus westergreni Faxon, 1893: 208 .

Notostomus atlanticus Lenz & Strunck, 1914: 330 ; De Man, 1920: 46.

Material: Revizee Program: E0523, 19°42’S, 38°32’W, 922m, 1 female (16mm), MNRJ 14850 View Materials GoogleMaps ; E0524, 19°43’S, 38°39’W, 925m, 1 female (26mm), MNRJ 14883 View Materials GoogleMaps . Oceanprof I: A12, 22°11'S, 39°47'W, 1632m, 1 female (20.5mm), MNRJ 19156 View Materials GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis: Carapace with rostrum overreaching scaphocerite length, with about 14 ventral teeth; antennal spine present; branchiostegal spine present, with distinct carina that extends to posterior carapace margin. Abdomen dorsally carinate on all somites; somites 3 to 6 with posteromesial tooth, the one of somite 3 distinctly strong. Female pleopod 1 with endopod leaf shaped, numerous plumose, articulated setae on lateral margin; female pleopod 2 with appendix interna, plumose setae on lateral margins, hook setae on rounded apex.

Description: Eyestalk with ocellus on mediodistal portion ( Fig. 34B View FIGURE 34 ). Carapace with rostrum overreaching scaphocerite length, with 14 acute teeth on ventral margin and 32 acute teeth on dorsal margin, lateral rostral superior and inferior carinas present ( Fig. 34A View FIGURE 34 ); dorsal margin denticulate in entire length; antennal and branchiostegal spines present; supraorbital and pterygostomian spine absent; with gastroorbital carina extending from near orbit to near posterior margin; infragastroorbital carina on posterior 1/3 of carapace; cervical groove and suprabranchial carina absent, with distinct subhepatic carina from anterior to posterior carapace margin; submarginal carina under subhepatic carina, extending from anterior to posterior carapace margin ( Fig. 34A View FIGURE 34 ). Stylocerite narrow, acute

apex overreaching first antennular peduncle article; first antennular peduncle article with acute tooth on distal outer margin reaching half of second antennular peduncle article ( Fig. 34C View FIGURE 34 ). Scaphocerite broad, ending in a rounded apex, densely plumose setae on inner margin and strong distal tooth overreaching blade on outer margin ( Fig. 34D View FIGURE 34 ). Mandible with palp threearticulated; incisor process with about eight teeth; molar process triangular, a row of small setae and tooth on apex ( Fig. 35A, B View FIGURE 35 ). Maxilla 1 with two endites; distal endite with numerous stout, pectinate and pectinate setae on inner margin; basal endite with short, broad, plumose setae on inner margin; palp with several pappose setae on rounded apex, without protuberance ( Fig. 35C View FIGURE 35 ). Maxilla 2 with two endites; distal endite bilobed, both lobes with pectinate setae on inner margin; basal endite with densely plumose setae on inner margin; endopod as long as endites, pappose setae on apex and inner margin; scaphognathite with densely plumose setae on all margins ( Fig. 35D View FIGURE 35 ). Maxilliped 1 with two endites; distal endite with pappose setae on distal margin, pectinate setae on inner margin; basal endite with pectinate setae on inner margin; endopod threearticulated, shorter than basal endite, several pappose setae on apex; exopodal lobe with densely plumose setae on all margins; exopod small, densely plumose setae on outer margin ( Fig. 35E View FIGURE 35 ). Maxilliped 2 endopod with elongate ischium and merus, pappose setae on inner margin; carpus short; propod rounded with long, stout, pectinate setae on inner margin; dactyl with long, stout, pectinate setae on inner and posterior margins; exopod with densely plumose setae on all margins ( Fig. 35F View FIGURE 35 ). Maxilliped 3 slender, elongate, with simple setae on all segments, propoddactyl with stout setae on distal portion; exopod with densely plumose setae on all margins ( Fig. 35G View FIGURE 35 ). Pereopods 1 and 2 chelate. Pereopod 3 ischium with six and merus with 20 strong teeth. Pereopod 4 ischium with six and merus with 23 strong teeth. Pereopod 5 ischium with nine and merus with six strong teeth. ( Fig. 34A View FIGURE 34 ). Epipods with mesial teeth on pereopods 1 to 3 ( Fig. 36A, B View FIGURE 36 ). Abdomen dorsally carinate in all somites; somites 2 to 4 with posteromesial tooth; the one of somite 3 distinctly strong; somite 6 longer than somite 5 ( Fig. 34A View FIGURE 34 ). Female pleopod 1 with rounded endopod, plumose, articulated setae on anterior margin ( Fig. 36C View FIGURE 36 ); female pleopod 2 with appendix interna, plumose setae on anterior margin, rounded apex with hook setae ( Fig. 36D View FIGURE 36 ). Exopod of uropod with complete diaresis, one distal spine on outer margin ( Fig. 37A View FIGURE 37 ). Telson sulcate in dorsal midline, with three pairs of dorsolateral stout setae and two pairs of distal setae; inner pair of short stout setae, outer pair of long, stout setae ( Fig. 37A, B View FIGURE 37 ).

Distribution: Western Atlantic: Bermudas, Bahamas, Gulf of Mexico, Brazil (Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro). Eastern Atlantic: Portugal, Spain (Bay of Cadix), Açores Archipelago, south Africa. Indian and Pacific Oceans: Philippines, Indonesia, Australian east coast, Ecuador. Adults probably live in depths between 450 to 5380m (mesopelagic and bathypelagic) ( Chace 1947, 1986; Kensley 1987).

Remarks: This species occurs in the Indian, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans. In the Western Atlantic this species was previously recorded only from Central America. This is the first record of this species from Brazilian coasts ( Fig. 38 View FIGURE 38 ).

The genus Notostomus encompasses eight species, only one is restricted to the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Of the others seven species, one occurs in the Eastern Atlantic, one in the Central Atlantic ( Tristan da Cunha) and five occur on the Western Atlantic Ocean. Of these five species, three have only one lateral carina on the rostrum base, distinct from N. elegans and N. auriculatus Barnard, 1950 , that have two lateral carinae on the rostrum base. Both species are closely related and have two lateral carinae ventral to a branchiostegal carina. Crosnier & Forest (1973) present a table comparing these two species with diagnostic characters as follow: the carapace is elongate in N. elegans and shorter and higher in N. auriculatus ; the upper lateral carina on rostrum extends to orbit in N. elegans and overreaches orbit in N. auriculatus ; the rostrum has short basal teeth in N. elegans and long on N. auriculatus ; and the submarginal carina extends to posterior carapace margin in N. elegans and does not extend to posterior margin of carapace in N. auriculatus .

Notostomus gibbosus Milne Edwards, 1881 , was previously recorded from Brazil, off Pernambuco ( Moreira 1901; Coelho & Ramos 1972). Notostomus elegans differs from N. gibbosus by having two lateral carina on rostrum base, and in most elongated carapace.

The material examined agrees with the descriptive characters mentioned by Crosnier & Forest (1973), and Chace (1986) with the rostrum having two lateral carinae at base, the upper carina extending to the orbit, the lower carina not continuous with the gastroorbital carina, the shorter basal rostrum teeth, and in the presence of two carinae ventral to the branchiostegal carina.