Protohermes disjunctus, Liu, Xingyue, Hayashi, Fumio & Yang, Ding, 2007

Liu, Xingyue, Hayashi, Fumio & Yang, Ding, 2007, Systematics of the Protohermes costalis species-group (Megaloptera: Corydalidae), Zootaxa 1439, pp. 1-46 : 23-25

Protohermes disjunctus sp. nov.

( Figs. 11, 60–66)

Diagnosis. Head yellow without any markings; pronotum with two pairs of widely separated black markings; wings with several yellowish markings; male ninth sternum with posterior margin slightly incised or even truncate; male tenth tergum acutely produced on posterolateral portion, ventrally with feebly developed tufted tubercle; female abdominal segment with pair of small lateral lobes.

Body length 20–28 mm (male) and 27–32 mm (female); forewing length 24–33 mm (male) and 33–41 mm (female), hindwing length 21–29 mm (male) and 30–35 mm (female).

Head ( Fig. 60) yellow without any markings; post-ocular spine absent. Compound eyes grayish brown; ocelli yellow, darkly margined medially. Antennae black, with scapes and pedicel yellow. Mouthparts yellow; mandible with distal half blackish to reddish brown.

Prothorax ( Fig. 60) yellow; pronotum with two pairs of black markings near lateral margins, posterior pair much larger. Meso- and metathorax pale yellow. Thoracic pilosity pale yellow, much longer on meso- and metathorax. Legs pale yellow with short, dense, yellowish setae; foreleg with wide apex of tibiae dark, tarsi dark, tarsal claws reddish brown. Forewings ( Fig. 11) slightly grayish brown, with 1 large subtriangular yellowish marking at base, 1 large round and several small discrete yellowish markings at middle, and 1 round yellowish marking on apical 1 / 3; costal cellules with distinct brownish stripes. Hindwings slightly grayish brown except basal half hyaline, respectively with 1 round yellowish marking at middle and apical 1 / 3. Veins yellowish brown, much darker on apical half, but much paler in yellowish markings. Rs 8 to 10 -branched, last branch bifurcate or trifurcate; 8 crossveins between R 1 and Rs; M 1 + 2 6 -branched, M 3 + 4 2 -branched; 1 A 3 - branched.

Abdomen yellowish brown. Male ninth tergum ( Fig. 61) subtrapezoidal, with arched anterior margin and nearly truncate posterior margin. Ninth sternum ( Fig. 62) subquadrate, broader than ninth tergum; lateral margins slightly arched; posterior margin slightly incised or even truncate; central portion apparently inflated. Ninth gonostylus ( Fig. 63) short, unguiform, strongly curved dorsomedially. Tenth tergum ( Figs 61–62) short, subcylindrical, its posterolateral corner distinctly and acutely produced, its ventral portion with one feebly developed tufted tubercle near posteromedial corner; its tip slightly incised and densely setose. Tenth sternum ( Fig. 64) arched, anterior margin slightly elevated, posterior margin produced into pair of roundly angled processes; lateral lobes somewhat thickened, digitiform, slightly incurved. Female eighth sternum ( Figs. 65–66) strongly sclerotized, subtriangular in lateral view, with posterior margin distinctly incised, forming pair of roundly produced processes; ninth segment laterally inflated in pair of small suboval sac-like lobes ( Fig. 65); ninth gonocoxite broad, feebly pointed posteriorly, with small digitiform processes at tip; tenth tergum short, with posterior margin medially incised, leaving one thick digitiform dorsal lobe and one semicircular ventral lobe.

Type materials. Holotype ɗ, JAPAN: Iriomote Island, Urauchi-gawa, 23.V. 1995, Shin-ichi Suda ( CAU). Paratypes: ɗ, the same data as holotype (HC); Ψ, JAPAN: Iriomote Island, Takana-gawa, 25.IV. 1988, Fumio Hayashi ( CAU). Others material: JAPAN: 5 ɗ 2 Ψ, Iriomote Island, Takana-gawa, emerged from reared larvae in 1987, 1988, Fumio Hayashi (HC); 4 ɗ 3 Ψ, Ishigaki Island, Nagura-gawa, emerged from reared larvae in 1988, Fumio Hayashi (HC).

Distribution. Japan (Ishigaki Island and Iriomote Island).

Etymology. The specific epithet ‘ disjunctus ’ refers to the geographic distribution of the new species, which is endemic to the Ishigaki and Iriomote Islands of Japan.

Remarks. Hayashi ( 1989 b) assumed that this species (his Protohermes sp.) might be divided from P. c o s - talis during the separation of the Iriomote Island from Taiwan. However, considering the genitalia, P. disjunctus appears to be closely related to P. yunnanensis in having a similar male ninth sternum, but it can be easily separated from P. yunnanensis by the male tenth tergum with the feebly developed tufted tubercle and the small female sac-like lobes. In P. yunnanensis , the male tenth tergum is ventrally produced into one strongly developed tufted tubercle, and the female sac-like lobes are rather large.