Pinguicula albida Wright ex Grisebach (1866: 162)

Domínguez, Yoannis, Valdés, Cristina Mercedes Panfet & Miranda, Vitor Fernandes Oliveira, 2017, Typification of names in the genus Pinguicula L. (Lentibulariaceae), Phytotaxa 312 (2), pp. 179-198 : 182

Pinguicula albida Wright ex Grisebach (1866: 162)

Protologue locality:— Cuba occ.

Type (lectotype, designated here):— [ CUBA]. Cuba occ.[identali], 1865, C. Wright 2885 [=561] ( GOET barcode GOET004567 [digital photo!], isolectotypes US No. 48177 barcode 00136344 [digital photo!], WU No. 075790 [digital photo!]) ; image of the lectotype is available at http://gwdu64.gwdg.de/pls/herbar/typen$typen.QueryViewByKey? P _ ID =9199& Z _CHK=7133 ).

Note:—Charles Wright (1815–1885) collected plants in Cuba from 1856 to 1867 engaged by Asa Gray ( Howard 1988). These collections have been widely discussed because many of the specimens, with a unique number, were derived from several gathering events; often from different localities or at different dates, in order to complete series of a single species. Hence, several examples of admixture material are known from Wright’s sheets. Asa Gray kept a series of Wright’s plants with the original labels and sent others to specialists for determination; afterwards he sold or distributed the remaining material to several herbaria ( Howard 1988). Most of these materials have standard labels with the printed inscription “Plantae Cubenses Wrightianae, No., Coll. C. Wright” and sometimes with undeterminate localities ( Cuba or Cuba oriental) and dates; however, Pinguicula specimens have no information on locality and just bear a collection year(s): 1865 or 1860–1864. Wright’s specimens related to new species described by A. Grisebach (1860, 1866) sometimes bear two numbers assigned by Gray, a first one before shipping the material to Grisebach (e.g. 561 for P. albida ); and the second, considered as the “Wright” number (species number, e.g. 2885 for P. albida ), assigned after Grisebach’s determination. The “Wright” number was assigned to the distributed sheets of the “same taxon” disregarding locality and date of collection ( Rankin Rodríguez & Greuter 2000). Moreover, the lack of specific information on locality and/or dates for many specimens complicates the typification process of Grisebach’s names based on Wright collections. Howard (1988) typified Grisebach’s new names selecting Wright’s specimens at GOET (Grisebach’s Herbarium) as “ holotypes ”. However, Howard’s typification appeared only on a microfiche appendix to his book, so it cannot be considered an effective publication according to Arts. 7.9 and 29.1 of the ICN ( McNeill et al. 2012). Several authors have dealt with Grisebach’s names typification after Howard’s typification (e.g. Rankin Rodríguez & Greuter 2000, Graham 2005, Krings & Fantz 2006, Liede-Schumann & Meve 2008), and all of them agree with Howard’s selection of GOET specimens as lectotypes, but the status of the remaining specimens distributed by Gray varies due to the doubts regarding whether all specimens with the same number were derived from a single gathering or not. Rankin Rodríguez & Greuter (2000) did not recognize any isotype for Aristolochia linearifolia Wright ex Grisebach (1866: 115) . On the other hand, Graham (2005) and Liede-Schumann & Meve (2008) considered to be isotypes all specimens with the same “Wright” number as the holotype (or lectotype), even though, each sheet may have been assembled with heterogeneous material. Regarding the typification of P. albida, Casper (1966) cited two Wright (2885) specimens as “ holotype ” ( P) and “ isotype ” ( MO) respectively. We have traced 10 specimens of P. albida (Wright 2885) at different herbaria ( G, GOET, HAC, MA, MO, NY, P, US, WU and YU), and also we have confirmed the absence of Wright’s Pinguicula specimen at GH. However, other specimens could be found hereinafter in other collections. Hence, according to the Arts. 9.2, 9.3, 9.11 and 9.13 of the ICN ( McNeill et al. 2012) and following Howard (1988), we herein designate as lectotype the specimen at GOET which bear a Grisebach handwritten label with the “original” number assigned by Gray (561). Moreover, among the remaining nine specimens, those bearing the same collection year (1865) as on the lectotype are considered by us as isolectotypes (Rec. 9 C).