Chapulobunus, GOODNIGHT & GOODNIGHT, 1946

Cruz-López, Jesús A. & Francke, Oscar F., 2015, Cladistic analysis and taxonomic revision of the genus Karos Goodnight & Goodnight, 1944 (Opiliones, Laniatores, Stygnopsidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 175 (4), pp. 827-891 : 858

CHAPULOBUNUS GOODNIGHT & GOODNIGHT, 1946

STAT. REV.

Chapulobunus Goodnight & Goodnight, 1946: 1 .

Karos: Goodnight & Goodnight, 1953: 20 (in part. Generic synonymy transfer, by implication).

Distribution: Southern Nuevo León to northern Oaxaca, Mexico; along the Sierra Madre Oriental.

Type species: Chapulobunus unispinosus Goodnight & Goodnight, 1946 , by original designation.

Included species: Chapulobunus unispinosus and Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov.

Diagnosis: Scutum globular, mid-bulge noticeably convex and long, scutum length similar to width ( Figs 29B , 32B ). Ornamentation composed of small rounded tubercles, densely covering all dorsum. Ocularium slight- ly displaced towards anterior margin of prosoma, medium-sized, more than 2.5 times of diameter of eyes ( Figs 29C , 32C ). Scutum with extra pegs on the midbulge ( Fig. 61G ). Posterior margin of mesotergal area III projected in the middle, invading and dividing area IV into two portions ( Fig. 61J ). Area II with blunt spine, low. Area III with big central spine ( Figs 30C , 33C ). Stigmatic area constrained in the middle by coxa IV. All femora with apicoectal spine ( Fig. 63K ). Males with femur and tibia IV considerably thicker than females ( Figs 30A , 33A ). Male genitalia: pars distalis swollen in the middle, apical margin reduced, slightly convex, teardrop-shaped. With more than seven pairs of short, lateral setae. Four to five pairs of ventral microsetae. Two to three pairs of parastylar setae. Follis slightly longer than wide. Lateral projection of follis lobular, pointed distally ( Figs 31 , 34 ).

Comparisons: See comparisons under Montabunus .

CHAPULOBUNUS UNISPINOSUS GOODNIGHT & GOODNIGHT, 1946 COMB. REST.

( FIGS 29–31 , 57 , 60I , 61J , 64H )

Chapulobunus unispinosus Goodnight & Goodnight, 1946: 1 , figs 6–9 (description of female).

Karos unispinosus: Goodnight & Goodnight, 1953: 20 (by implication), 1973: 84, fig. 3 (in part) Kury & Cokendolpher, 2000: 155; Kury, 2003: 239.

Type locality: MEXICO: Hidalgo: Chapulhuacán (21°09′20.01″N, 98°54′12.99″W) .

Material examined: MEXICO: Hidalgo: 1 ♀ and 1 juvenile paratypes [ CNAN (19.v.1944; C. Bolívar)] (21°09′20.01″N, 98°54′12.99″W) . Municipio Chapulhuacán, Chapulhuacán. 1 juvenile paratype [ CNAN (19.v.1944; Bolívar)]. Same locality . 1 ♀ paratype [ AMNH (19.v.1944; F. Bonet)]. Same locality . 2 ♂ [ CNAN (18.v.1977; G. Ibarra)] (20°39′51.01″N, 98°41′12.98″W) . Municipio Zacualtipán de Ángeles, Cumbre de Alumbres . 5 ♂ and 3 ♀ [ CNAN (23.ix.2006; O. Francke, A. Valdez, and H. Montaño)]. (20°40′24.78″N, 98°40′13.51″W) . Municipio Tianguistengo. Carretera federal, 2 km from intersection Zacuiltipán-Santiago Tianguistengo, direction to Tianguistengo. 3 ♂ and 2 ♀ [ CNAN (6.xi.2010; O. Francke, A. Valdez, C. Santibáñez, E. Miranda, and J. Cruz)] (20°40′29.24″N, 98°40′07.93W) .

Figures

Figure 29. Chapulobunus unispinosus. A, habitus, dorsal view. B, scutum, dorsal view. C, ocularium, frontal view. Scale bars: A = 5 mm, B = 2.5 mm, C = 1 mm.

Figure 30. Chapulobunus unispinosus. A, legs IV, mesal view. B, habitus, ventral view, C, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 3.3 mm, B = 2 mm, C = 2.5 mm. The dark lines on (B) indicate the stigmatic area.

Figure 31. Chapulobunus unispinosus, male genitalia. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. White arrows indicate ventral microsetae in (B) and parastylar setae in (C).

Figure 32. Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov. A, habitus, dorsal view. B, scutum, dorsal view. C, ocularium, frontal view. Scale bars: A = 5 mm, B = 2.5 mm, C = 1 mm.

Figure 33. Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov. A, legs IV, mesal view. B, habitus, ventral view. C, habitus, lateral view. Scale bars: A = 3.3 mm, B = 2.5 mm, C = 2 mm. The dark lines on (B) indicate the stigmatic area.

Figure 34. Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov., male genitalia. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. White arrows indicate ventral microsetae in (B) and parastylar setae in (C).

Figure 57. Distribution map of the species of the Karos genus-group. Black triangles, Monterella tuberculata; black square, Mictlana inops comb. nov. (only locality of material examined was mapped); black circles, Crettaros santibanezi sp. nov.; white circles with black outline, Crettaros valdezi sp. nov.; black crosses, Chapulobunus unispinosus; inverted black triangles, Karos parvus.

Figure 60. A, ventral view of metatarsus I in male of Potosa dybasi; arrow indicates glandular opening. B, ventral view of metatarsus I in male of Potosa reddelli sp. nov.; arrow indicates glandular opening. C, swollen apical portion on femur II in male of Huasteca gratiosa. D, ventral view of pars distalis of Karos barbarikos; arrows indicate ventral microsetae. E, detail of ventral microsetae of pars distalis of Karos projectus. F, ventral view of pars distalis of Karos singularis sp. nov.; arrows indicate ventral microsetae. G, detail of apical portion of follis of Montabunus foliorum; arrow indicates the lateral projection of follis. H, detail of apical portion of follis of Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov.; arrow indicates the lateral projection of follis. I, apical portion of follis of Chapulobunus unispinosus; arrow indicates the lateral projection of follis.

Figure 61. A, detail of one of the lateral clear areas forming tubercles on scutum of Crettaros santibanezi sp. nov. B, detail of one of the lateral clear areas projected in tubercles on scutum of Karos singularis sp. nov. C, detail of one of the lateral clear areas projected in tubercles on scutum of Karos tersum sp. nov. D, detail of one of the lateral clear areas projected in tubercles on scutum of Huasteca silhavyi sp. nov. E, detail of one of the lateral clear areas projected in tubercles on scutum of Montabunus foliorum. F, detail of one of the lateral clear areas projected in tubercles on scutum of Monterella tuberculata. G, extra row of pegs in Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov., indicated by arrows. H, dorsal apophyses on trochanter II in male of Karos singularis sp. nov. I, detail of mesotergal areas III and IV in Montabunus foliorum; dotted lines indicate the sulcus between these areas. J, detail of mesotergal areas III and IV on Chapulobunus unispinosus; dotted lines indicate the sulcus between these areas. These images are not at the same scale.

Figure 63. A, dorsal view of the anal bulge on Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov.; arrow indicates the bulge. B, lateral view of Huasteca silhavyi sp. nov., line indicates the very high lateral channel area. C, laterodorsal view of scutum of Crettaros valdezi sp. nov., showing the median humps on areas II and III indicated by dotted circles. D, posterodorsal view of scutum of Crettaros santibanezi sp. nov., showing the median humps on areas II and III indicated by dotted circles. E, dorsal view of trochanter IV of Karos barbarikos; arrow indicates the tridentate apophysis. F, anterodorsal view of scutum of Karos barbarikos, the black points mark the tubercles forming a ‘V’. G, dorsal ornamentation of Karos tersum sp. nov. showing the transversal row of tubercles on mesotergal areas; transversal row II indicated by black dots. H, detail of the ventral ornamentation on femur IV of Karos barbarikos. I, detail of the ectal ornamentation on tibia IV of Karos barbarikos; arrows indicate the spiniform tubercles. J, detail of the ventral ornamentation on leg IV in Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov. K, detail of the two apical spines on femur IV in Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov. These images are not at the same scale.

Figure 64. A, mesodorsal view of pedipalp femur and patella of Huasteca silhavyi sp. nov.; arrows indicate the setiferous tubercles on mesal side of these segments. B, dorsal view of pedipalp femur of Karos barbarikos; arrow indicates the mesodistal setiferous tubercle. C, apical portion of metatarsus IV of Karos singularis sp. nov., the circle indicates the swollen area. D, dorsal view of pars distalis of Karos barbarikos; line indicates the exposed base of the follis. E, dorsal view of pars distalis of Philora tuxtlae; line indicates the base of the follis in apical depression. F, dorsal view of pars distalis of Paramitraceras granulatum; arrows indicate the pars distalis width/follis width ratio. G, dorsal view of pars distalis of Crettaros valdezi sp. nov.; arrows indicate the pars distalis width/follis width ratio. H, ventral view of pars distalis of Chapulobunus unispinosus; arrow indicates the width at the middle of the ventral plate. I, ventral view of pars distalis of Mictlana inops the white arrow indicates the slight width in the middle of ventral plate, the black dotted line indicates the apical end of ventral plate. J, ventral view of pars distalis of Karos barbarikos, the white dotted line indicates the apical end of ventral plate. K, ventral view of pars distalis of Chapulobunus poblano sp. nov., the white dotted line indicates the apical end of ventral plate. L, dorsal view of pars distalis of Potosa dybasi; arrows indi-