Gryne dimorpha Mello-Leitão, 1928: 10

Medrano, Miguel, Kury, Adriano Brilhante & Mendes, Amanda Cruz, 2022, Morphology-based cladistics splinters the century-old dichotomy of the pied harvestmen (Arachnida: Gonyleptoidea: Cosmetidae), Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 195, pp. 585-672 : 650-653

Gryne dimorpha Mello-Leitão, 1928: 10 .

Type data: Syntypes: Brazil. Mato Grosso do Sul: Campo Grande [–20.450189°, –54.560608°], 22 ind. ( MNRJ 1382 ) .

Non-type material examined: Brazil. Mato Grosso do Sul: Serra da Bodoquena [–20.96863°, –56.70975°, 689 m], 1 ♀ ( MZUSP 71708 ) ; Chapadão do Sul, PCH do Porto das Pedras [19.38184°, –52.53346°], APL Giupponi & C Sampaio leg., 4 ♂ 2 ♀ ( MNRJ 8449 ) ; Costa Rica, Fazenda Santa Cruz [–15.79423°, –47.88217°], S Ide leg., 1 ♂ 4 ♀ 1 imm. ( MZUSP 18309 ) ; 50 km S Campo Grande [–20.98449°, –54.63616°, 464 m], P Salinas leg., 17.vii.1988, 1 ♂ ( AMNH AK 147 ) . Mato Grosso: PN Chapada dos Guimarães [–15.30495°, –55.8805°), C Mattoni, R Almeida, A Ojanguren & JA Ochoa leg., 1 ♂ ( MZUSP 42864 ) ; Chapada dos Guimarães, PARNA Chapada dos Guimarães, ponto de erosão [–15.35825°, –55.89777°], P Zanoli leg., 3 ♂ 2 ♀ ( MNRJ 7584 ) . Distrito Federal: Res. Ecol. IBGE, km 0 of Highway BR 251 [–15.94289°, –47.87478°, 1094 m], 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 17591 ) ; [–15.94486°, –47.88521°], 2 ♂ 5 ♀ ( MNRJ 17588 ) ; Brasilia , [–19.00043°, –50.5539°], APL Giupponi leg., 3 ♂ ( MNRJ 2144 ) ; Brasília, Fazenda Água Limpa [–15.94667°, –47.9395°], RLC Baptista leg., 1 ♂ 5 ♀ ( MNRJ 6127 ) ; AB Kury leg., 4 ♂ 3 ♀ ( MNRJ 5414 ) . Goiás: Nova São Simão , Vila Op. CEMIG [–15.94486°, –47.88521°], F Kisteumacher & U Caramaschi leg., 4 ♂ 11 ♀ ( MNRJ 6137 ) . Minas Gerais: Fazenda Serra da Moeda [–20.31789°, –44.02936°], A Carneiro leg., 1 ♂ 1 ♀ ( MNRJ 4391 ) ; Unaí, Grapuava [–16.08944°, –46.55278°, 900 m), EA Araújo leg., 3 ♂ 4 ♀ ( UFMG 19370 ) . São Paulo: Itirapina [–22.31325°, –47.83786°], LR Fontes, TUG Martins leg., 2 ♂ 3 ♀ ( MZUSP 15964 ) ; Águas de Santa Bárbara , estação ecológica [–22.8958°, –49.23488°], LR & FR Fontes leg., 1 ♀ ( MZUSP 15970 ) ; Itirapina [–22.31325°, –47.83786°], MLJ Buschini leg., 1 ♂ ( MZUSP 17452 ) .

Diagnosis: Differs from other Gryne by having the reticular pattern of spots in DS restricted to ears of chevron ( Fig. 50A ), dorsal process of glans conical ( Fig. 51A, D ), stylus with a reduced wattle ( Fig. 51D ) and by combination for the following features: (1) dorsal scutum smooth, without scattered notable granules ( Fig. 50B ) and (2) low spines in scutal area I ( Fig. 50B ).

Distribution: Known for Cerrado and Bahia interior forest in States of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, São Paulo, Minas Gerais and Goiás ( Fig. 48 ).

Description of male MNRJ 2144 (with extra figures from other specimens): Measurements: CL: 2.15, CW: 2.95, AL: 3.30, AW: 4.84, IOD: 0.63, FeIV: 16.63.

Dorsum ( Fig. 50A–C ). DS beta-type with attenuate constrictions. Area I with low acuminate tubercles and area III with long spines. Dorsal scutum in lateral view rising steadily from posterior and anterior borders to area III where it is the highest height. Scutal grooves effaced. Anterior edge of dorsal scutum with protoglyphs slightly concave with lateral triangular borders. Ocularium low and with a few granules near the eyes. Posterior border and free tergites each containing a transverse row of minute granules, anal operculum with scattered granules. Coda reduced.

Venter. Coxae I– III triangular, transverse to main body axis. Coxae II – IV connected by tubercular bridges. Coxae I– II with a longitudinal row of granules. Coxa IV pentagonal, greatly developed, oriented obliquely, but almost parallel to the body axis. Stigmatic area T-shaped with stigmata large, unconcealed. Free sternites each with a row of granules.

Chelicerae ( Fig. 51E, F ). Hand not swollen. Basichelicerite short, with well-marked bulla and uniformly tuberculated dorsally. Posterior and ectal margins of bulla fringed with several tubercles, basal ones are the largest. Movable finger of cheliceral hand with eight truncate tubercles. Fixed finger with four triangular tubercles.

Pedipalps ( Fig. 51G, H ). Elongate trochanter, foliaceus femur; convex dorsally, with a dorsal row of four fused setiferous tubercles forming a keel and a ventral row of 12 setiferous tubercles. Tibia only slightly convex in the ectal border. One lateral row of setae on each border, distalmost setae of the ectal side larger than others. Tarsus conical, with scattered dorsal setae and two well-marked ventral rows of subequal setae, meso-ventral row with two larger setae, one apical and one median region.

Legs ( Fig. 50C–H ). Long and unarmed legs, femora straight. Coxa IV covered by DS in dorsal view, with few apical granules, no clavi inguines. Pectinate claws in legs II and IV in two rows. Tarsal counts: 7/8, 14, 10, 11 ( Mello-Leitão, 1928).

Colour (in alcohol, Fig. 50 ). Dorsal scutum, coxae, pedipalpi and chelicerae deep brown (55). DS with reticulate pattern pale greenish-yellow (104) restricted to laterals of chevron near the carapace. Appendages podomeres (except coxae) brilliant greenish-yellow (98).

Penis ( Fig. 51A–D ). Ventral plate short trapezoidal, wider at the base, with straight distal margin. Subdistal lateral margin of VP with three pairs of MS-C, large, curve and flattened. Two pairs of MS-D located in apical half of VP, MS-D1 twice longer than MS-D2 and closer to MS-C2, both MS-D straight and conical. Two pairs of MS-A in the basal region in VP, straight, conical and as long as MS-D1 . Two pairs of MS-E in apical portion of lateroventral surface and one pair of MS-B in the basal portion of ventral surface of VP. Ventral surface with two lateral thick stripes composed with microsetae type 4 ( T4 ) surrounding MS-B and MS-E, gently occupying truncus. Glans with rounded dorsal process, stylus with a wattle that reaches the base of stylus and with an extended serrate part. Without stylar barbs .

Variation ( Fig. 50D–H ). It is possible to differentiate two types of males: (1) major forms, with long tibiae and short metatarsi and (2) minor forms, with shorter tibiae and longer metatarsi, more similar to females. General coloration may be lighter than described above.

Figures

Figure 48. Map of known distribution of Gryne. Numbers correspond to the following WWF ecoregions: 1 = Uatumã- Trombetas moist forest, 2 = Madeira-Tapajós moist forest, 3 = Xingú-Tocantins-Araguaia moist forest, 4 = Marajó várzea, 5 = Tocantins/Pindaré moist forest, 6 = Mato grosso seasonal forest, 7 = Caatinga, 8 = Pernambuco Coastal forest, 9 = Cerrado, 10 = Bahia interior forest, 11 = Bahia coastal forest, 12 = Alto Paraná Atlantic forest, 13 = Pantanal, 14 = Dry Chaco, 15 = Humid chaco, 16 = Parana flooded savanna, 17 = Humid pampas.

Figure 50. Gryne dimorpha. A–C, male (MNRJ 2144): A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, panoramic dorsal view. D, two adult males of different sizes and colours; from left to right: minor form (MNRJ 17591) and major form (MNRJ 2144). E, male, major form (MNRJ 2144), leg IV, tibia, metatarsus and tarsomeres. F, same, detail of tibia, triquetrous metatarsus and tarsomeres. G, male, minor form (MNRJ 17591), leg IV, tibia and tarsomeres. H, same, detail of tibia and tarsomeres. Scale bars: 1 mm.

Figure 51. SEM images of some structures of Gryne dimorpha. A–D, penis (MNRJ 6297): A, dorsal view; B, lateral view; C, ventral view; D, detail of MS-C and stylus, oblique view. E–H, male (MNRJ 2156): E, left cheliceral hand, dorsal view; F, left basichelicerite, dorsal view; G, left pedipalpus, femur, mesal view; H, same, tibia and tarsus, ventral view. Scale bars: 50 μm (A–C), 10 μm (D), 200 μm (E, G, H), 100 μm (F).