Foenatopus crispus Aguiar

Aguiar, Alexandre P., Jennings, John T. & Turrisi, Giuseppe F., 2010, Three new Middle-Eastern species of Foenatopus Smith (Hymenoptera: Stephanidae) with a new host record and key to species with two spots on the metasoma, Zootaxa 2714, pp. 40-58 : 44-46

Foenatopus crispus Aguiar , sp. nov.

( Figs 1 [cr], 10–19)

Description. Holotype FEMALE. Length 6.00 mm. Biometric ratios as in Table 1 and Fig. 1 [cr].

(*) n = 1; Legends: F, female; M, male; bs, F. bisignatus sp. nov.; hs, F. hesperophagus sp. nov.; tr, F. turcomanorum (Semenov) ; pr, F. prousti sp. nov.; cr, F. c r i s p u s sp. nov. Charts with all values for all specimens in Fig. 1 .

Head ( Figs 10–13 ). Moderately compressed antero-posteriorly. Antenna with 21 flagellomeres, the last two not fully separated from one another, 1st to 11th subcylindrical, 12th to 20th centrally swollen, their limits quite distinct from one another; flagellomeres 1–2 and 16–21 without tyloids, otherwise with 1–3 tyloids; also with fine transverse, parallel rugosities between tyloids. Frons distinctly microreticulate, also with faint, inconspicuous transverse-arcuate rugulosity; frontal carina indistinct. Coronal area weakly alutaceous, with a few weak carinae radiating from ocellus; posterior pair of tubercles distinct, isolated from each other. Vertex anteriorly, behind posterior pair of tubercles, with large, high, transverse, arched carina, followed by a short transverse carina, the space between them polished, smooth; the anterior carinae reaching vertex medially as a transversely rugose pattern, extending also to temples and, centrally, to occipital carina; gena intensely alutaceous; dorso-longitudinal impression indistinct. Gena regular, not angled. Occipital carina a narrow rim, shaped approximately as an inverted “W” (because it is dorsally concave), its sides somewhat converging, fading midway from hypostomal carina, but disappearing completely only very close to it. Postgenal bridge of normal shape, alutaceous, almost immediately concave behind hypostomal carina, but not deep, the occipital foramen at a more superficial level.

Mesosoma . Subcylindrical, maximum dorsal width 1.16 maximum lateral height. Prosternum strongly microareolate, apex emarginated as a “V.” Pronotum ( Figs 14, 18 ) entirely micro-areolate; anterior margin emarginated as a “U”, about as deep as wide; right behind, on each side, with a pair of small but distinct, parallel, oblique carinae, followed by another subtle, short pair; dorso-centrally weakly and briefly concave, with only vestiges of pronotal fold; preannular in dorsal view uniform and regular; pronotum in lateral view shows all the following subtly but recognizably: anterior carinae, pronotal fold, limit between preannular and semiannular; femoral impression very weak; posterior angle of pronotum, including pronotal lobe, with a few sharp longitudinal carinae. Mesoscutum ( Fig. 15 ) transverse, strongly rugose; notauli not visible, median sulcus visible with tangent illumination only (anterior section exposed in the specimen, thus showing continuation of median sulcus and notauli). Axilla ( Fig. 15 ) strongly alutaceous. Scutellum ( Fig. 15 ) basally and laterally alutaceous, centrally and apically smooth; lateral margin with strong crenulation and foveolation, which disappear near apex. Mesepisternum ( Fig. 19 ) at anterior half with sparse, horizontally decumbent, short pilosity; posterior half glabrous or nearly so; dorsally densely rugulose, otherwise transversely alutaceous and sparsely rugulose; dorso-posterior area glabrous and polished. Mesopseudosternum centrally flat, alutaceous; discrimen a linear straight sulcus. Propodeum ( Fig. 15 ) sculpturing uniform; anteriorly, along crenulate sulcus, finely rugose, otherwise from moderately to coarsely rugose; this pattern extending over metapleuron ( Fig. 19 ), including ventral area; spiracular groove and respective carina indistinct, parapetiolar depression, anterior and posterior spiracular plates, indistinct. Pleuropropodeal and metapleural foveae small but distinct, interfoveolar area polished ( Fig. 19 ); postfoveolar area rugose, contiguous with metapleural macrosculpture. Hind coxa dorso-laterally flattened to slightly concave along about 0.4 of its length, this area approximately micro-areolate, remainder of coxa distinctly transversely strigate; hind femur ( Fig. 16 ) entirely but delicately micro-areolate (quadrangular, pentagonal and hexagonal units), apically slightly coarser; ventrally near basal 0.3 with a short, low, widely triangular tooth; central tooth wide, lanceolate, apical tooth narrower; three small tubercles between largest teeth; a few more, some partially coalescent, beyond apical tooth; all teeth and tubercle apex bearing single short hair or seta each; those of apical tubercles straight, stiff, whitish. Hind tibia ( Figs 16–17 ) distinctly and longitudinally alutaceous; compressed part ventrally with two strictly parallel longitudinal carinae or edges, reaching up to level of dilated part, where both give place to oblique strigation; dilated part in posterior view with deep mesal compression, producing distinct, oblique border ( Fig. 17 ); mesal tibial spur distinctly longer than lateral spur.

Wings. Fore wing: venation beyond cells R and 1Cu mostly spectral or absent; vein 1Cu tubular on its basal 0.5; crossvein 2r fully tubular, followed by a short, almost straight section, then by vein 4Rs, which is inclined toward anterior margin, but terminates some distance from it; vein M+Cu apically with four spaced setae; vein 1M perfectly fused with 1Rs, straight; crossvein 1cu-a originating slightly apicad of base of vein 1M; vein 1-1A with three widely spaced, large, translucent, sub-basal setae, its apex straight, regularly shaped, vein 2-1A entirely spectral. Hind wing: vein Sc+R fully tubular; other veins indistinct.

Metasoma. Petiole transversely rugulose or strigate, coarser basally, finer apically; small tubercles indicating vestiges of the petiolar spiracles entirely absent; T3 longitudinally alutaceous; T4–6 very finely and densely transversely aciculate, T7–9 alutaceous, progressively coarser towards T9. Pygidium a narrow convex plate, posterior margin straight; pygidial impression very deep, V-shaped.

Color. Light brown. Flagellomeres progressively darker towards apex. Mesothorax darkest section of body, contrasting sharply with clear colored pronotum. Anterior and median legs mostly very lightly brown, almost semitranslucent; except as follows. Pale yellow: clypeus, diffuse spot on malar space, behind mandibles, a longitudinal stripe on anterior face of fore tibia, mid tibia basal 0.2, hind tibia on apical 0.7 of compressed part, and hind basitarsus. Propodeum apex with small, diffuse, yellowish to orange brown spot. T4 lightest of tergites, with two large, symmetrical (mirror image), widely separated whitish spots. Ovipositor sheath dark brown, lighter basally; [ovipositor within sheaths, not visible]. Wings hyaline, veins light brown, pterostigma basally whitish.

MALE. Unknown.

Discussion. Closest to F. prousti , from which it can be distinguished by the head structure, with indistinct macrosculpturing on frons and coronal area (vs. weak but distinct), post-vertex with more transverse, branched rugose pattern (vs. more areolate, concentrically arcuate), which fully reaches the occipital carina (vs. ending far from it), and occipital carina dorso-medially concave (vs. convex, normal), sides ventrally weakly converging (vs. diverging), apical section very weak but visible, ending near hypostomal carina (vs. absent). The apex of pronotum has two parallel, oblique carinae (vs. none); subdivisions of pronotum subtly differentiated (vs. indistinct); scutellum centrally and apically polished, smooth (vs. fully strongly alutaceous); discrimen a linear, straight sulcus (vs. progressing from posteriorly deep and wide to anteriorly narrow and linear). Propodeum regularly sculptured (vs. with heterogeneous patterns); tubercles indicating vestigial petiolar spiracles absent (vs. present). Color pattern also quite distinct: much lighter body color (vs. dark brown); propodeum apex with a small, diffuse, yellowish to orange brown spot (vs. wide whitish stripe), compressed part of hind tibia nearly fully whitish (vs. whitish on apical half only), petiole yellowish at apex only (vs. conspicuous central and apical whitish areas). Mesosoma more cylindrical, about 1.2 times as wide as high (vs. distinctly flattened, width 1.5 times height).

Material examined. HOLOTYPE Ψ ( GPPC). Label data: “S. Iran, Fārs, Dast-e Arzan, 29º38’N 51º54’E, 27.IV.2006, 2040 m, D. Gianasso leg.” Triangle mounted, right flagellomere missing, otherwise in good shape.

Distribution. Southern Iran.

Etymology. From the Latin crispus , meaning curly; in reference to the overall aspect of the propodeum sculpturing, conspicuously and uniformly rugose.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Values of all morphometric ratios for all examined specimens of all species. The slightly higher triangle in each species’ series indicates the female holotype specimen; all other triangles correspond to males. See Table 1 for ranges. Ratios as in Aguiar (2001).

FIGURES 10 – 19. Foenatopus crispus sp. nov., Ψ, holotype: 10. Head, left side; 11. Head, dorsal; 12. Head, ventral, showing hypostomal bridge; 13. Head dorso-anteriorly; 14. Pronotum, left side; 15. Meso- and metathorax, and propodeum, dorsal view; 16. Left hind femur and tibia, lateral; 17. Left hind tibia, dorsal; 18. Pronotum, dorsal; 19. Posterior angle of pronotum, meso- and metathorax, propodeum, left side. Not to scale. All images by Berthil B. Longo.

Tables

TABLE 1. Selected morphometric ratios for the studied species of Foenatopus (see text).

Spp. btl/btw	Cxl/Cxh	Ew/tw	FmSI	Gsl/Ptl	Hdl/Ew	iEE/eEE	n
bsF 2.07	3.30	1.75	2.63	1.39	1.86	0.58	1
hsF 1.89	3.41	1.65	2.30	1.34	1.86	0.62	1
trF 1.63	3.41	1.31	2.59	1.19	2.00	0.53	1
prF 2.15	3.63	1.54	2.44	1.44	1.52	0.63	1
crF 2.49	3.13	1.89	2.91	1.59	1.71	0.58	1
bsM 1.33–1.67	3.50–4.22	1.20–1.67	2.50–3.38	1.11–1.48	2.00–2.12	0.60–0.68	5
hsM 1.55*	3.43–4.06	1.55–1.60	2.16–2.22	1.00*	1.79–1.86	0.59–0.60	2
prM 1.95–3.93	3.96–5.33	1.02–1.80	2.18–3.76	1.48–1.82	1.77–2.19	0.65–0.70	5
continued.
Spp. io/oo	Pnl/Ew	Pnl/Smw	Ppl/Ew	Ptl/Alin	Ptl/T3l	tw/iEE	n
bsF 11.98	1.81	1.20	1.49	1.44	2.38	0.47	1
hsF 4.77	1.84	1.23	1.49	1.45	1.97	0.45	1
trF 8.50	2.14	1.32	2.05	1.57	2.16	0.59	1
prF 4.75	2.32	1.29	2.00	1.17	2.05	0.43	1
crF 7.50	2.00	1.30	1.66	1.21	2.06	0.38	1
bsM 6.00–8.00	1.93–2.23	1.19–1.52	1.46–1.92	1.27–1.89	2.41–2.92	0.43–0.53	5
hsM 6.36–10.29	1.93–1.99	1.32–1.32	1.48–1.56	1.82–2.12	3.18	0.50–0.51	2
prM 2.00–4.64	2.32–2.74	1.10–1.40	2.07–2.33	1.06–1.38	1.96–2.19	0.28–0.54	5